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Architecture of BJTs
• The bipolar junction transistor (BJT) is
constructed with three doped
semiconductor regions separated by two
pn junctions
• Regions are called emitter, base and
collector
Architecture of BJTs
• There are two types of BJTs, the npn and pnp
• The two junctions are termed the base-emitter
junction and the base-collector junction
• The term bipolar refers to the use of both holes and
electrons as charge carriers in the transistor
structure
• In order for the transistor to operate properly, the
two junctions must have the correct dc bias
voltages
– the base-emitter (BE) junction is forward
biased(>=0.7V for Si, >=0.3V for Ge)
– the base-collector (BC) junction is reverse
biased
FIGURE Transistor symbols.
Thomas L. Floyd
Electronics Fundamentals, 6e
Electric Circuit Fundamentals, 6e
Copyright ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.
Basic circuits of BJT
Operation of BJTs
• BJT will operates in one of following
four region
– Cutoff region (for digital circuit)
– Saturation region (for digital circuit)
– Linear (active) region (to be an amplifier)
– Breakdown region (always be a disaster)
Operation of BJTs
DC Analysis of BJTs
• Transistor Currents:
IE = IC + IB
• alpha (αDC)
IC = αDCIE
• beta (βDC)
IC = βDCIB
βDC typically has a value between 20 to 200

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L6 bjt

  • 1.
  • 2. Architecture of BJTs • The bipolar junction transistor (BJT) is constructed with three doped semiconductor regions separated by two pn junctions • Regions are called emitter, base and collector
  • 3. Architecture of BJTs • There are two types of BJTs, the npn and pnp • The two junctions are termed the base-emitter junction and the base-collector junction • The term bipolar refers to the use of both holes and electrons as charge carriers in the transistor structure • In order for the transistor to operate properly, the two junctions must have the correct dc bias voltages – the base-emitter (BE) junction is forward biased(>=0.7V for Si, >=0.3V for Ge) – the base-collector (BC) junction is reverse biased
  • 4. FIGURE Transistor symbols. Thomas L. Floyd Electronics Fundamentals, 6e Electric Circuit Fundamentals, 6e Copyright ©2004 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.
  • 6. Operation of BJTs • BJT will operates in one of following four region – Cutoff region (for digital circuit) – Saturation region (for digital circuit) – Linear (active) region (to be an amplifier) – Breakdown region (always be a disaster)
  • 8. DC Analysis of BJTs • Transistor Currents: IE = IC + IB • alpha (αDC) IC = αDCIE • beta (βDC) IC = βDCIB βDC typically has a value between 20 to 200