Isolation precautions are special measures used to prevent the spread of contagious diseases. They include wearing protective equipment like gloves, gowns, goggles and masks. The goals are to prevent cross-contamination between patients and staff, contain infectious agents, and contain blood and body fluids. Basic principles include handwashing and careful disposal of contaminated materials. Guidelines distinguish standard precautions that all patients receive from transmission-based precautions for specific diseases, including airborne, droplet and contact precautions. Isolation precautions are meant to protect both patients and public from infection.

1. ISOLATION PRECAUTIONS.
NANCY ALEX BSN RN
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2. DEFINITION
• Special precautionary measures,practices and
procedures used in care of patients with
contagious or communicable diseases by
wearing nonporous articles such as
gloves,gowns.goggles,and face mask.
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4. EVERY HEALTH CARE PROFFESSIONAL
SHOULD BE A CHAIN BREAKER !
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5. PURPOSES
 To prevent cross contamination between
patients and hospital personnel.
To confine and contain any infectious disease
agent.
To confine and contain all blood and body fluids.
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6. BASIC PRINCIPLES
• Wash hands prior to entering and exiting
rooms.
• Careful disposal of contaminated
materials.
• Knowledge of disease and mode of
transmission.
• Protection of client and public during
transport.
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7. 2007 GUIDELINE FOR ISOLATION
PRECAUTION-CDC /HICPAC
Centre for Disease Control and Prevention
distinguish two types of isolation
precautions:
Standard precautions
Transmission based precautions
1) airborne precautions
2) droplet precautions
3) contact precautions
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8. Standard
Precautions .
Hand washing
PPE –
gloves,mask,goggles
,gown.
Proper - handling of
soiled patient care
equipments,
environmental
cleaning,disposal of
sharps.
Minimal handling of
soiled linen.
Private room. 8

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11. NEW ELEMENTS OF STANDARD
PRECAUTIONS.
 Respiratory hygiene
 Safe injection practices
 Use of masks
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12. Transmission Based Precautions
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13. Airborne
PRECAUTIONS
Tuberculosis
Measles
chickenpox
Herpes zoster
Small pox
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14. Droplet
precautions
Meningitis
Influenza
Mumps
Pertussis
Rubella
Common cold
Measles
Diphtheria
Rubella
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15. Contact
precautions
Hepatitis -A
Antibiotic
resistant bacteria
Scabies
Impetigo
Lice
MDRO s-
MRSA,VRE..
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16. REVERSE ISOLATION
• Isolation procedure designed to
protect a patient from infectious
organisms that might be carried by
staff ,other patients, visitors or on
droplet in air or equipment or
materials.
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17. PATIENT PLACEMENT
 Spacing between beds
 Single rooms
 Ante rooms
 Cohorting
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18. CLIENT CONSIDERATION
Isolation
Loneliness
Self esteem –body image
Boredom
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19. CONCLUSION
• As with all infection control measures,isolation
precautions are designed to prevent the
spread of infection from one person to
another.The RESPONSIBILITY for the practice
of infection control lies in the hands of every
HEALTH CARE WORKER.
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