Demonstration method

DEMONSTRATION METHOD
DR. C. BEULAH JAYARANI
M.Sc., M.A, M.Ed, M.Phil (Edn), M.Phil (ZOO), NET, Ph.D
ASST. PROFESSOR,
LOYOLA COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, CHENNAI - 34
UNIT - I
B.Ed - TNTEU
IR1

IR1 Immanuel Richard, 06-05-2021

WHAT IS DEMONSTRATION…?
• A demonstration is the process of teaching someone how to
make or do something in a step-by-step process.
• A method demonstration is a teaching method used to
communicate an idea with the aid of visuals such as flip
charts, posters, power point, etc.
21-05-2021 Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani 2

MEANING…..
• The word demonstration means to give demos or to perform
the particular activity or concept. In demonstration
method, the teaching-learning process is carried in a
systematic way.
• Demonstration often occurs when students have a hard time
connecting theories to actual practice or when students are
unable to understand applications of theories.

CHARACTERISTIC Of DEMONSTRATION
METHOD
(1) The demonstration should be done in a simple way.
(2) In this strategy, attention is paid to all students.
(3) Goals and objections of demonstration are very clear.
(4) It is a well-planned strategy.
(5) Time is given for rehearsal before the demonstration.

NATURE…..
• Teacher centered teaching method
• Overcomes demerits of lecture method(one side process)
• Teacher performs experiment in front of the class
• Asks questions relevant to experiment
• Students are trained to observe carefully
• Students are active participants & interesting method of teaching
• Uses maxim of teaching ‘Concrete to Abstract’

CRITERIA Of GOOD DEMONSTRATION
• Should be planned and rehearsed
• Purpose of demonstration must be clear
• Teacher and students must work together
• Teacher must ask questions to test understanding level of students
• Teacher must explain the important and difficult concept involved
in demonstration

Apparatus must be arranged in order
 Used ones placed in left
 To be used to be placed in right
Demo must be Audible and Visible to all students
Lengthy demonstration can destroy the interest of students so it must be
simple and easy.
• It should follow sequential steps and must be supplemented with teaching
aids
• Teacher must maintain interest throughout the
demonstration & also develop problem solving skills

PRINCIPLE
Truth is that which
work
Demonstration
method is based on
principle
The teacher has to
work out something
and then only
students will believe

REQUISITES fOR A GOOD DEMONSTRATION

Apparatus should be arranged properly
Clearly visible to the student

Teacher can perform experiments in any of the students table-front row

Need of adequate lighting to the demonstration table and back-ground
Proper background is very important
Black things should never be shown in front of the black board

Demonstration Apparatus should be large as possible
Completions on any instrument should be clearly visible

Apparatus must be placed in order
The apparatus to be used should be placed on the left hand side
of the table
The apparatus which has been used should be transferred to the
right hand side of the table
Things relevant to the lesson should be placed on the
demonstration table

Teacher must be sure that the experiments will succeed and are clear
So it demands adequate preparation on the part of the teacher and
rehearsal of the experiments

Attention of the class is very important
Teachers should know various methods of creating interest
Be a bit of showman/show women

Proper account should be taken of time and season
Climate conditions sometimes may affect the
apparatus

Demonstration experiments should be supplemented with
teaching aids like charts, pictures, diagram, models, etc.

A large blackboard is essential
During the lesson the teacher can use it to great advantage
Necessary simple diagrams can be drawn on it

CONDUCT Of A DEMONSTRATION
LECTURE DEMONSTRATION
oSuitable method to teach biology
oTime- Second half of the day
ESSENTIAL STEPS TO BE FOLLOWED IN DEMONSTRATION
Planning and Preparation
Introducing the Lesson
Presentation of the Subject matter
Performance of Experiments
Blackboard Work
Teaching Aid & Evaluation

1. PlANNING AND PREPARATION
Proper planning is required for good demonstration. For this following
points should be kept in mind.
Thorough preparation of subject matter.
lesson planning
collection of material related to the demonstration.
rehearsal of demonstration.
In order to ensure the success of demonstration, the teacher should prepare
lesson minutely and very seriously.

2. INTRODUCING THE lESSON
• The teacher should motivate students and prepare them mentally for the
demonstration.
• The teacher should introduce the lesson to students keeping in mind the
following things.
• Individual differences
• Environment
• Experiences
• The lesson can also be started with some simple and interesting
experiments.
• The experiment should be able to hold the attention of students.

3. PRESENTATION Of SUbjECT MATTER
• In demonstration presentation of subject matter is very
important & pleasant.
• The teacher should teach the student in such a way that their
previous knowledge can be attached to their new knowledge.
• The principle of reflecting thinking should be kept in mind.
• The voice modulation of the teacher should be effective

4. DEMONSTRATION
The performance in the demonstration table should be
ideal for the student.
The demonstration should be neat and clean as well as
simple and speed.

5. blACkbOARD WORk
• It is an index to a teacher’s ability.
• The teacher can use various teaching aids like models,
blackboard, graphs etc, during demonstration.
• In this last step, evaluation of the whole demonstration
should be done and draw necessary diagram on the board.
so that it can be made more effective.

6. TEACHING AIDS & EVAlUATION
The teacher can use various teaching aids like models,
blackboard, graphs etc. during demonstration.
In this last step, evaluation of the whole demonstration
should be done, so that it can be made more effective.

COMMON ERRORS IN A DEMONSTRATION
The apparatus may not be ready
Black- board may not be used properly
Minor facts may be given much importance equal to the major
facts
The teacher may fail to show the demonstration
The teacher may not be able to focus the attention of the
students

Cont.,
The teacher may arrive at the generalization
The language of the teacher may be difficult
The persistent and continuous talk of the teacher leads the children
to loose their enthusiasm
Right type of questions may not be asked

MERITS
Psychological Method – Stimulates the interest of science among the students
Sensitive Apparatus - Very costly and sensitive apparatus – teachers handles with care
Useful in dangerous Experiments – In the preparation of Chlorine and burning of hydrogen, etc.
Economical – the teacher only perform the experiment – need of apparatus no. is very less
Time Saving - a time-consuming method if each individual student conducts
Based on Activities – Engaged with activities- observing, taking notes, answering for the
questions,etc
Useful for Everyone - Helps in arousing the spirit of discovery among students –average, below
average and above average

Cont..,
It helps a student in having a deeper understanding of the topic.
It helps students remain active in teaching -learning process.
It leads to permanent learning.
It accounts for the principles of reflective thinking.
It helps to create interest for topics among students.
It helps in arousing the spirit of discovery among students.
It imparts maximum learning to students.

DEMERITS
Not Based on learning by Doing - teacher carry out the demonstration.
Students can not benefit with direct and personal experiences as teacher
carry out the demonstration.
Not Child Centered – only teacher dominated.
It can be costly as it requires costly materials.
No scope for Individual differences – slow learners and genius.
It can be a time-consuming method.
Obstacle in Progress – laboratory skills not developed among the students.
Not based on Scientific Attitude - not provide training for the scientific
method.
There is a lack of experienced teachers to carry out the demonstration.

CONClUSION
 Best method to higher secondary classes.
 Teacher feels that the demonstration is taking much time To much
extent, the teacher can call upon the pupils for help.
 A small group of students can be invited to the demonstration table.
 Students can also demonstrate the experiment i.e. Pupil-
demonstration.
 This might help in removing objection regarding non-availability of
learning by doing approach.

REfERENCE
“Teaching of Biological Science”
TNTEU – Study Material
Ram Publications
Sri Krishna Publications
Kaviyamala Publications
Google Images
5/21/2021 Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani 33

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