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This document discusses standardized measurement and assessment. It defines key terms like measurement, scales of measurement, testing, assessment, reliability, and validity. It explains the four scales of measurement - nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio. It also describes different types of reliability like test-retest, equivalent forms, internal consistency, and interscorer reliability. Validity is defined as the accuracy of interpretations from test scores, and validation is the process of gathering evidence to support those interpretations.






























