It's simple to understand the synthesis. Hydrothermal method is a chemical reaction in water in a sealed pressure vessel, which is in fact a type of reaction at both high temperature and pressure.
Synthesis and characterization of nano tio2 via different methodshena78
Titanium Dioxide nanoparticles are the ultra fine particles Particles of titanium dioxide (TiO2) have the diameters less than 100 nm. It is believed to be one of the three most produced nanomaterials , along with silicon dioxide nanoparticles and zinc oxide nanoparticles.
Novel effects can occur in materials when structures are formed with sizes comparable to any one of many possible length scales, such as the de Broglie wavelength of electrons, or the optical wavelengths of high energy photons. In these cases quantum mechanical effects can dominate material properties. One example is quantum confinement where the electronic properties of solids are altered with great reductions in particle size. The optical properties of nanoparticles, e.g. fluorescence, also become a function of the particle diameter. This effect does not come into play by going from macrosocopic to micrometer dimensions, but becomes pronounced when the nanometer scale is reached.
It's simple to understand the synthesis. Hydrothermal method is a chemical reaction in water in a sealed pressure vessel, which is in fact a type of reaction at both high temperature and pressure.
Synthesis and characterization of nano tio2 via different methodshena78
Titanium Dioxide nanoparticles are the ultra fine particles Particles of titanium dioxide (TiO2) have the diameters less than 100 nm. It is believed to be one of the three most produced nanomaterials , along with silicon dioxide nanoparticles and zinc oxide nanoparticles.
Novel effects can occur in materials when structures are formed with sizes comparable to any one of many possible length scales, such as the de Broglie wavelength of electrons, or the optical wavelengths of high energy photons. In these cases quantum mechanical effects can dominate material properties. One example is quantum confinement where the electronic properties of solids are altered with great reductions in particle size. The optical properties of nanoparticles, e.g. fluorescence, also become a function of the particle diameter. This effect does not come into play by going from macrosocopic to micrometer dimensions, but becomes pronounced when the nanometer scale is reached.
The presentation is made as part of introducing some novel technologies in Chemical Engineering. It aims at conveying an overall idea about the Sol-Gel Technology, its underlying processes, applications as well as its future possibilities.
Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles using wet chemical method and its characteriza...Govind Soni
This is very intersting power point on ZnO NPs synthesized by me GOVIND SONI and my lab partnes KAUSHAL ,SANEHA & DINESH under the guidance of our PhD scholar Mr.SAHIL & Ms.KIRTI in the CYRSTAL LAB of DR.BINAY KUMAR in Department of Physics & Astrophysics .This presentation basically covers the Introduction to Nanoscience and Nanotechnology and synthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles using wet chemical method . its characterization has been done in Msc finals Nanoscience lab using X-Ray Diffraction and Particle size Analyzer.This presentation also contains an advance topic on introduction to Spintronics which is basically the study of internsic spin of electronics and its magnetic moment.I hope it will be an important tool to know about Nanoworld .
introduction to Tio2 nanostructures, properties of Tio2, current trends in biomedical application, general application of Tio2, synthesis of Tio2 nanoparticle by chemical route, characterization technique and objective.
degradation of pollution and photocatalysisPraveen Vaidya
The presentation deals with the use of conduction of photocatalytic reaction using the transition metal doped transparent semiconducting thinfilms. The precursor to film is prepared by the SILAR method, which is a chemical method.
The presentation is made as part of introducing some novel technologies in Chemical Engineering. It aims at conveying an overall idea about the Sol-Gel Technology, its underlying processes, applications as well as its future possibilities.
Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles using wet chemical method and its characteriza...Govind Soni
This is very intersting power point on ZnO NPs synthesized by me GOVIND SONI and my lab partnes KAUSHAL ,SANEHA & DINESH under the guidance of our PhD scholar Mr.SAHIL & Ms.KIRTI in the CYRSTAL LAB of DR.BINAY KUMAR in Department of Physics & Astrophysics .This presentation basically covers the Introduction to Nanoscience and Nanotechnology and synthesis of Zinc oxide nanoparticles using wet chemical method . its characterization has been done in Msc finals Nanoscience lab using X-Ray Diffraction and Particle size Analyzer.This presentation also contains an advance topic on introduction to Spintronics which is basically the study of internsic spin of electronics and its magnetic moment.I hope it will be an important tool to know about Nanoworld .
introduction to Tio2 nanostructures, properties of Tio2, current trends in biomedical application, general application of Tio2, synthesis of Tio2 nanoparticle by chemical route, characterization technique and objective.
degradation of pollution and photocatalysisPraveen Vaidya
The presentation deals with the use of conduction of photocatalytic reaction using the transition metal doped transparent semiconducting thinfilms. The precursor to film is prepared by the SILAR method, which is a chemical method.
Natural Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (NDSSCs) From Opuntia Prickly Pear Dye Usi...IJERA Editor
Natural dye-sensitized solar cells (NDSSCs) have gained considerable attention in the field of solar energy due to their simple fabrication, good efficiency, and low production cost. Natural dyes are environmentally and economically superior to ruthenium-based dyes because they are nontoxic and cheap. However, the conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells based on natural dyes is low. One way to improve the DSSC performance is to enhance the absorptivity of extracted natural dyes. We investigated the influence of various factors in the extraction process, such as utilization of different extraction approaches, the acidity of extraction solvent, and different compounds of solvents on the optical absorption spectra. It was found that we could considerably enhance the optical absorptivity of dye and consequently the performance of DSSC by choosing a proper mixture of ethanol, methanol and water. In this study, a photo electrode using ZnO doped TiO2 nanoparticles was prepared by sol-gel method. In this paper we investigate the optical absorption, functional group, surface morphology and elementary composition of pure TiO2, ZnO doped TiO2 nanoparticles and opuntia prickly pear dye extract by using UV-Visible, PL-Studies, FT-IR, FE-SEM and EDS analysis. Finally photocurrent-voltaic characterization of nanocrystaline natural dye solar cell using I-V studies. It was found that the levels of short-circuit current (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF) and overall conversion efficiency (η).
A NOVEL PRECURSOR IN PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NICKEL OXIDE (NIO) A...antjjournal
Synthesis of Nickel Oxide (NiO) nanoparticles and cobalt oxide (CO3O4) materials synthesis by aqueous chemical growth (ACG) Techniques. Oxide based material having a wide band gap, and suitable for optical devices,Optoelectronic devices, UV photodetector, and Light emitting diode LEDs. The analysis
and characterizationof Nickel Oxide (NiO) and cobalt oxide (CO3O4) nanoparticles by(1) X-ray diffraction (XRD), (2) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and (3) Ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy.
Photoelectrochemical characterization of titania photoanodes fabricated using...Arkansas State University
Design and fabrication of new electrodes for photo-electrolysis using a material that is photo-active, stable, corrosion resistant, and cost effective.
High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) head points:
HPLC Advantages Vs GC
Instrumentation
HPLC System
Separations
Mobile Phase Reservoirs
Degasser
Aim of Gradient system
High/Low pressure gradient system
HPLC Pump Criteria
HPLC Pumps: Types
Reciprocating Pumps
Sample introduction
Manual Injector
Auto Injector
HPLC Modes
The Mobile Phase
Hydrophobic interaction
Common reverse phase solvents
Detectors
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Gas chromatography head points:
Invention of Chromatography
original chromatography Experiment
Common types of chromatography
Paper and Thin layer chromatography
How does chromatography work?
Theoretical Plate
gas chromatography
schematic of GC
carrier gas-supply
Injection port
sample Injection system
split/spitless Injection
sample valves
GC columns
open tubular columns
Temperature Control
Solid Support Materials
Particle size of Supports
The stationary Phase
Detection systems
Characteristics of the Ideal Detector
Flame Ionization Detectors
Thermal Conductivity Detector
Electron-capture Detectors
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Theory and Principle of FTIR head points:
What is Infrared Region?
Infrared Spectroscopy
What is FTIR?
Superiority of FTIR
FTIR optical system diagram
sampling techniques
The sample analysis process
advantage of FTIR
References
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Scanning Probe microscopy (AFM and STM) head point
AFM: Configuration of AFM
Parts of AFM system and Principle of AFM
Three Modes of AFM
AFM Instrument
Advantage and disadvantage
STM
Schematic Diagram
AFM and STM
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X-Ray Diffraction head points:
Introduction
History
How Diffraction Works
Demonstration
Analyzing Diffraction Patterns
Solving DNA
Applications
Summary and Conclusions
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Photovoltaics: Fundamental Concepts and novel systems
Energy levels -bands
Doping of semiconductors
Energy band alignments between different phases
Space charge layers
p-n junctions, Schottky barriers
p-n cells, Si cells, thin film cells
Schottky cells (solid and liquid junction)
p-i-n cells
Fundamental limits of photovoltaic cells
How to overcome/ bypass these limits
New generation cells (brief survey)
PV stability, efficiencies and economics
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What is Automobile??
Brief History of Automobile
Changes over the years...
Indian Automobile Industry
Main parts of an Automobile
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Nanoimprint Lithography head points:
Approaches: thermal and UV NIL
Properties of NIL
Overview. of NIL
Thermal NIL resists.
Residual layer after NIL.
NIL for large features (more difficult than small one).
Room temperature NIL, reverse NIL, inking.
NIL of bulk resist (polymer sheet, pellets).
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Presenting a topic based on introduction to nanoscience and nanotechnology.
what is nano?
certain nomenclature like nanotechnology, nanoscience, nanomaterial, nanoscale, nanometer and so on.
surface to volume ratio and quantum effect related concepts.
future applications.
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Top down and bottom up method, processing, flow chart of top down and bottom up approach, Application.
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Different types of Nanolithography technique.
Types: Electron beam lithography, Photolithography, electron-beam writing, ion- lithography, X-ray lithography, and related images, concepts and graphical views.
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Infrared Spectroscopy and UV-Visible spectroscopyPreeti Choudhary
Instrumentation of Infrared Spectroscopy and UV-Vis spectroscopy
Discuss the fundamentals and concepts behind Infrared and UV-Vis spectroscopy.
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Presenting a topic which is entitled: Detectors
Above topic includes:
Types of detector
phototube detector
photomultiplier tubes
silicon photodiodes
photovoltaic cells
advantages
multi-channel photon detectors
linear photodiode arrays
photodiode array
with basics of instrumentation and science technology
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Presenting a presentation on the topic of Column chromatography with including basics of chromatography, principles, equations, graphs and data related to it.
Topics which covered in this ppt is
Principle of chromatography
classification of chromatography
partition coefficient
chromatogram
Resolution
plate theory
determination of N
band zone broadening
rate theory
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Column Chromatography: basics of chromatography and principle of chromatography, Classification, partition coefficient , chromatogram, retention time and volume, capacity and selectivity factors, plate theory, band broadening, rate theory, mass transfer, packed GLC column, open tubular column capillary columns, liquid chromatography column resolution.
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Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...University of Maribor
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intelligent Systems.
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
DERIVATION OF MODIFIED BERNOULLI EQUATION WITH VISCOUS EFFECTS AND TERMINAL V...Wasswaderrick3
In this book, we use conservation of energy techniques on a fluid element to derive the Modified Bernoulli equation of flow with viscous or friction effects. We derive the general equation of flow/ velocity and then from this we derive the Pouiselle flow equation, the transition flow equation and the turbulent flow equation. In the situations where there are no viscous effects , the equation reduces to the Bernoulli equation. From experimental results, we are able to include other terms in the Bernoulli equation. We also look at cases where pressure gradients exist. We use the Modified Bernoulli equation to derive equations of flow rate for pipes of different cross sectional areas connected together. We also extend our techniques of energy conservation to a sphere falling in a viscous medium under the effect of gravity. We demonstrate Stokes equation of terminal velocity and turbulent flow equation. We look at a way of calculating the time taken for a body to fall in a viscous medium. We also look at the general equation of terminal velocity.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvementIshaGoswami9
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
Salas, V. (2024) "John of St. Thomas (Poinsot) on the Science of Sacred Theol...Studia Poinsotiana
I Introduction
II Subalternation and Theology
III Theology and Dogmatic Declarations
IV The Mixed Principles of Theology
V Virtual Revelation: The Unity of Theology
VI Theology as a Natural Science
VII Theology’s Certitude
VIII Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography
All the contents are fully attributable to the author, Doctor Victor Salas. Should you wish to get this text republished, get in touch with the author or the editorial committee of the Studia Poinsotiana. Insofar as possible, we will be happy to broker your contact.
3. Tio2
• Tio2 is a very well-known and well researched material due to
the stability of its chemical structure, biocompatibility, physical,
optical, and electrical properties.
• TiO2 exists in three mineral forms: anatase, Rutile, and
Brookite.
• Anatase type TiO2 has a crystalline structure that corresponds
to the tetragonal system and is used mainly as a photocatalyst
under UV irradiation.
• Rutile type TiO2 also has a tetragonal crystal structure . This
type of Titania is mainly used as white pigment in paint.
• Brookite type TiO2 has an orthorhombic crystalline structure.
• TiO2 is preferred in anatase form because of its high
photocatalytic activity.
• Proefschrift voorgelegd tot het behalen van de graad van Doctor in de Wetenschappen: Natuurkunde
Promotor: Prof. Dr. D. Poelman Copromotor: Prof. Dr. ir. R. De Gryse Maart 2007
• Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Wood Protection Application
4. The crystal Structure of Tio2
Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Wood Protection Application
Synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles: phase, morphology and size control by Jan-Yves Ruzicka University of Canterbury 2013
• a)Anatase b) Rutile c)Brookite
• form is tetragonal form is tetragonal form is orthorhombic
• a=b=3.7710Å & c=9.430Å a=b=4.5933Å & c= 2.9592Å a=9.18Å, b=5.447 &c=5.145Å
5. TiO2 as PhotoCatalysis
“NANOSTRUCTURED TiO2 AS A MULTIFUNCTIONAL MATERIAL: FROM PHOTOCATALYSIS TO BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS”
UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI MILANO 2009-2010
• TiO2 absorbs Ultraviolet radiation from sunlight.
• Generated negative-electron (e-) and positive-hole (h+) pair.
• Water-splitting reaction occurred.
• Organic pollutant is split up to harmless products.
6. Why TiO2 Nanomaterials are Attracted now?
• Among the unique properties of nanomaterials , the
movement of electrons and holes in semiconductor
nanomaterials is primarily governed by the well-known
quantum confinement, and the transport properties related to
phonons and photons are largely affected by the size and
geometry of the materials.
• It has possibility to help solving many serious biomedical and
environment problems.
• It also bears tremendous hope in helping ease the energy crisis
through effective utilization of solar energy based on
photovoltaic and photocatalytic water-splitting devices.
• As another functionality of TiO2 nanomaterials, it has many
elements adsorbent capacity.
• NANOSTRUCTURED TiO2 AS A MULTIFUNCTIONAL MATERIAL: FROM PHOTOCATALYSIS TO BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS”
UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI MILANO 2009-2010
7. Importance of Tio2
• Non- toxic, inexpensive, highly photoactive, and easily
synthesized and handled.
• Highly photostable.
• High electro-chemical properties and high chemical
stability.
• High dielectric constant and hardness.
• High refractive index upto- 2.7
• Tio2 is much more effective as a photocatalyst in the
form of nanoparticles.
• Proefschrift voorgelegd tot het behalen van de graad van Doctor in de Wetenschappen: Natuurkunde Promotor: Prof. Dr. D.
Poelman Copromotor: Prof. Dr. ir. R. De Gryse Maart 2007
• Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Wood Protection Application
9. Sol-Gel Method
• This process normally proceeds via an acid-catalyzed hydrolysis step of
titanium(IV) alkoxide follwed by condensation.
• The development of Ti-O-Ti chains is favored with low content of water,
low hydrolysis rates, and excess titanium alkoxide in the reaction
mixture.
• Dimensional polymetric skeltone swith close packing result from the
development of Ti-O-Ti chains.
• Nanoparticles: Case studies of their synthesis, properties and biological interaction Nils Gustav Martin Palmqvist Faculty of Naturals Resources
and Agricultural Sciences Department of Molecular Sciences Uppsala
reactants solvents
colloidal catalyst colloidal 3-dimns
time grid
liquid
Colloidal suspension of volume v wet monolith of volume v
particle
10. Sol-Gel and Drying Flowchart
Precursors, solvents,water & catalyst
Gel formation
Aging in mother liquor
washing
Drying process
Nerogel(Evaporation) Aerogel (autoclave) cryogel (freeze-driver)
Calcination
Final material
• S. Shibata, K. Aoki, T. Yano and M. Yamane, Journal of solgel science and Technology, 11, 279, (1998).
• H. Hahn, Nanostructured Materials, 9, 3, (1997).
• H. Cheng, J. Ma, Z. Zhao, L. Qi, Chem. Mater., 7, (1995).
11. Sol gel method
• Sol-gel method, as the name implies, comprises of two main
parts:
a) Firstly, the precursors form high molecular weight but still soluble
oligomeric intermediates, called a sol.
b) Secondly, the intermediates come close together to form a gel.
• sol-gel process is based on five processing steps :
i. Hydrolytic Polycondensation: Hydrolysis of alkoxide precursors which forms
a polymeric or particulate sol containing inorganic materials.
ii. Formation of a uniform suspension by deposition of substrate into the sol.
iii. Solidification of the gel with solvent and volatile compounds evaporation
process.
iv. Drying at room temperature to get a condensed inorganic network.
v. Calcination where very high temperature is involved to remove of organics
and to crystallize the solid material.
• TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOMATERIALS, SYNTHESIS, STABILITY AND MOBILITY IN NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC POROUS MEDIA by Ghulam Raza A Thesis submitted to The
University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences The University of Birmingham December
2016
12. Thermal Decomposition
• Thermal decomposition is the chemical
decomposition of a substance into ins constituents
by heating.
• A solid bulk material is heated beyond its
decomposition temperature in an evacuated
furnace tube.
• The precursor material may contain metal cations
and molecular anions, or metal organic solids.
• Example: 2LiN3(s) 2Li(s) +3N2(g)
– Lithium particles can be synthesized by heating LiN3
in a quartz tube under vacuum.
– When heated to 375oC the nitrogen outgases from
the bulk material and the Li atoms coalesce to form
metal nanoparticles.
• Poole, C., Owens, F. Introduction to Nanotechnology. Wiley, New Jersey. 2003
13. Thermal Decomposition Apparatus
• “NANOSTRUCTURED TiO2 AS A MULTIFUNCTIONAL MATERIAL: FROM PHOTOCATALYSIS TO BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS” PH.D.
STUDENT ALBERTO NALDONI UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI MILANO FACOLTÀ DI SCIENZE MM. FF. NN. DIPARTIMENTO DI CHIMICA
FISICA ED ELETTROCHIMICA CORSO DI DOTTORATO DI RICERCA IN SCIENZE CHIMICHE
15. Structural Properties
• Two structures, rutile and anatase, can be described
in term of chains of TiO6 octahedra, where each
Ti4+ion is surrounded by an octahedron of six O2-ions.
• They demonstrated that, under different pH
conditions from acid to basic, the phase transition size
of a TiO2nanoparticle varied from 6.9 to 22.7 nm,
accompanied with shape changed of the
TiO2nanoparticles.
• Morphology predicted for anatase(top), with (a)
hydrogenated surfaces, (b) hydrogen-rich surface
adsorbates, (c) hydrogen-poor adsorbates, and (d)
oxygenated surfaces, and for rutile(bottom), with (f)
hydrogenated surfaces, (g) hydrogen-rich surface
adsorbates, (h) hydrated surfaces, (i) hydrogen-poor
adsorbates, and (j) oxygenated surfaces.
• Milling effect on the photo-activated properties of TiO2 nanoparticles: electronic and structural investigations YOUCEF MESSAI1,2, BERTRAND VILENO2,4, DAVID MARTEL3, PHILIPPE TUREK2,4 and DJAMEL EDDINE
MEKKI1,∗MS received 12 July 2017; accepted 21 August 2017; published online 30 March 2018
• Curtiss, L. A.et al.,NanoLett. 2005
16. Optical dielectric properties
• optical properties is the complex dielectric function ε , which is a
fundamental intrinsic property of the material .
• It measure the ability of a material to interact with an electric field and
become polarized by the field.
• The real part of the dielectric constant shows how much it will slow
down the speed of light in the material and related to the stored energy
within the medium, whereas the imaginary part shows how a dielectric
material absorb energy from an electric field due to dipole motion .
• the knowledge of the real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant
provides information about the loss factor which is the ratio of the
imaginary part to the real part of the dielectric constant ,the real and
imaginary part of the dielectric constant can be estimated using the
relation ε=ε1+ε2
• Structural and optical properties of TiO2 nanoparticles/PVA for different composites thin film A.M.Shehap and Dana S.Akil* Department
of Physics, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza , Egypt. Received 31 March 2015; Revised 28 May 2015; Accepted 3 June 2015
17. Electronic Properties
•
• The DOS (density of states) is decomposed
into Ti eg, Ti t2g(dyz, dzx, and dxy), O pσ (in
the TiO3cluster plane), and O pπ (out of the
TiO3cluster plane) components.
• It is well-known that for nanoparticles the
band gap energy increase and the energy
band becomes more discrete with decreasing
size.
Freeman, A. J.et al.,Phys. Rev. B 2000,
18. Applications of TiO2Nanomaterials
• UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI MILANO FACOLTÀ DI SCIENZE MM. FF. NN. DIPARTIMENTO DI CHIMICA FISICA ED ELETTROCHIMICA CORSO DI DOTTORATO DI RICERCA IN SCIENZE CHIMICHE
• http://www.uwgb.edu/dutchs/GRAPHIC0/GEOMORPH/SurfaceVol0.gif
19. Nanoparticle Applications: TiO2
• Titanium Dioxide is used as an inorganic white pigment for
paper, paints, plastics, and whitening agents.
• TiO2 nanoparticles are used as UV blocking pigments in
sunscreens, cosmetics, varnishes, and fabrics.
• TiO2 has unique photocatalytic properties that make it suitable
for a number of advanced applications:
– Self-cleaning glass and antifogging coatings
– Photoelectrochemical cells (PECs)
– Detoxification of waste water
– Hydrolysis
• COMPUTATIONAL MODELING OF THE PROPERTIES OF TiO2 NANOPARTICLESActa Universitatis Lappeenrantaensis 564Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Science
(Technology) to be presented with due permission for public examination and criticism in the Auditorium of the Student Union House at Lappeenranta University of
Technology, Lappeenranta, Finland on the 19th of December, 2013, at noon.