The Nervous System
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
3 likes•1,776 views
The document discusses the human nervous system and its role in interaction and coordination. It describes how the nervous system is composed of receptors, the central nervous system including the brain and spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. It explains the three step process of obtaining information through receptors, analyzing and responding via the nervous and endocrine systems, and executing responses through effectors like muscles. Key parts of the nervous system are then defined, including neurons, nerves, and the roles of sensory, motor and interneurons. Common nervous system diseases are also briefly mentioned.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Fundamentals of the nervous system
The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS contains the brain and spinal cord while the PNS contains nerves that connect the CNS to the rest of the body. Neurons are the basic functional units that transmit electrochemical signals while glial cells provide support and insulation. Information flows through the nervous system via sensory input, central processing, and motor output.
Nervous System
The document summarizes the structure and function of the nervous system. It discusses how neurons are the basic unit and transmit electrical signals throughout the nervous system. It describes the central nervous system, made up of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, including the somatic and autonomic systems. The somatic system controls voluntary muscles and can trigger reflexes. The autonomic system regulates involuntary functions through the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. Sensory neurons allow the detection of chemicals through smell and taste.
Neuron structure
The document summarizes the structure and types of neurons and glial cells in the nervous system. It discusses that neurons are excitable cells that conduct nerve impulses, while glial cells provide support and insulation. The major types of glial cells are astrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells, oligodendrocytes, and Schwann cells. Neurons consist of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon. The axon conducts impulses away from the cell body and terminates in synaptic knobs. Neurons are classified structurally as multipolar, bipolar, or unipolar based on their processes, and functionally as afferent, efferent
Nervous System
The document discusses the structure and functions of the nervous system. It is divided into the central nervous system, which consists of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, which connects to the rest of the body. The central nervous system works with the peripheral nervous system to control the body's sensory, motor, and interpretative functions through neurons and nerves. The brain is also described in more detail, outlining the main regions and their roles in functions like thought, movement, homeostasis, and connecting the brain to the spinal cord. Students will participate in an activity to trace sensory and motor neurons and write a short essay on living without the nervous system.
Unit 1 nervous system
The document provides an overview of the human nervous system, including:
- The central nervous system (CNS) which includes the brain and spinal cord. The brain is made up of the cerebrum, cerebellum, diencephalon, medulla oblongata, pons, and spinal cord.
- The peripheral nervous system (PNS) which includes nerves and ganglia that connect the CNS to the rest of the body. It has somatic and autonomic divisions.
- Neurons, the basic functional units that transmit nerve impulses, and neuroglia, supporting cells that nourish neurons. Impulses are transmitted via changes in electrical potentials across neuronal membranes
Human nervous system
The human nervous system is composed of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system. The nervous system contains neurons that transmit electrochemical signals throughout the body to control and regulate functions. There are three main types of neurons - unipolar, bipolar, and multipolar - which receive and transmit signals through dendrites, axons, and synapses using neurotransmitters. The central nervous system consists of the brain, which is divided into the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain, and the spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system connects the central nervous system to the rest of the body and controls both voluntary and involuntary functions through the somatic and autonomic nervous systems.
Nervous System
Here are the steps for the reaction time lab activity:
1. The stimulus is the dropping of the meter stick.
2. The response is catching the meter stick.
3. The variable being measured is reaction time, as determined by the distance the meter stick falls before being caught.
4. The right and left hand reaction times may differ due to handedness - most people tend to be faster with their dominant hand due to more practice with fine motor skills.
5. Record the data from each trial in a table and calculate the average distance for each hand to determine which hand has the faster overall reaction time.
Let me know if you need any clarification or have additional questions!
The nervous system
This document discusses the nervous system and how it controls and regulates the body. It describes how neurons send and receive signals through electrical and chemical processes. The nervous system consists of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system. The peripheral system includes cranial and spinal nerves that connect to muscles and organs. Sensory neurons receive signals from stimuli and motor neurons send signals to muscles and glands. The nervous system maintains homeostasis through reflexes and control systems that regulate vital functions like breathing and heart rate.
Recommended
Fundamentals of the nervous system
The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS contains the brain and spinal cord while the PNS contains nerves that connect the CNS to the rest of the body. Neurons are the basic functional units that transmit electrochemical signals while glial cells provide support and insulation. Information flows through the nervous system via sensory input, central processing, and motor output.
Nervous System
The document summarizes the structure and function of the nervous system. It discusses how neurons are the basic unit and transmit electrical signals throughout the nervous system. It describes the central nervous system, made up of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, including the somatic and autonomic systems. The somatic system controls voluntary muscles and can trigger reflexes. The autonomic system regulates involuntary functions through the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. Sensory neurons allow the detection of chemicals through smell and taste.
Neuron structure
The document summarizes the structure and types of neurons and glial cells in the nervous system. It discusses that neurons are excitable cells that conduct nerve impulses, while glial cells provide support and insulation. The major types of glial cells are astrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells, oligodendrocytes, and Schwann cells. Neurons consist of a cell body, dendrites, and an axon. The axon conducts impulses away from the cell body and terminates in synaptic knobs. Neurons are classified structurally as multipolar, bipolar, or unipolar based on their processes, and functionally as afferent, efferent
Nervous System
The document discusses the structure and functions of the nervous system. It is divided into the central nervous system, which consists of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, which connects to the rest of the body. The central nervous system works with the peripheral nervous system to control the body's sensory, motor, and interpretative functions through neurons and nerves. The brain is also described in more detail, outlining the main regions and their roles in functions like thought, movement, homeostasis, and connecting the brain to the spinal cord. Students will participate in an activity to trace sensory and motor neurons and write a short essay on living without the nervous system.
Unit 1 nervous system
The document provides an overview of the human nervous system, including:
- The central nervous system (CNS) which includes the brain and spinal cord. The brain is made up of the cerebrum, cerebellum, diencephalon, medulla oblongata, pons, and spinal cord.
- The peripheral nervous system (PNS) which includes nerves and ganglia that connect the CNS to the rest of the body. It has somatic and autonomic divisions.
- Neurons, the basic functional units that transmit nerve impulses, and neuroglia, supporting cells that nourish neurons. Impulses are transmitted via changes in electrical potentials across neuronal membranes
Human nervous system
The human nervous system is composed of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system. The nervous system contains neurons that transmit electrochemical signals throughout the body to control and regulate functions. There are three main types of neurons - unipolar, bipolar, and multipolar - which receive and transmit signals through dendrites, axons, and synapses using neurotransmitters. The central nervous system consists of the brain, which is divided into the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain, and the spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system connects the central nervous system to the rest of the body and controls both voluntary and involuntary functions through the somatic and autonomic nervous systems.
Nervous System
Here are the steps for the reaction time lab activity:
1. The stimulus is the dropping of the meter stick.
2. The response is catching the meter stick.
3. The variable being measured is reaction time, as determined by the distance the meter stick falls before being caught.
4. The right and left hand reaction times may differ due to handedness - most people tend to be faster with their dominant hand due to more practice with fine motor skills.
5. Record the data from each trial in a table and calculate the average distance for each hand to determine which hand has the faster overall reaction time.
Let me know if you need any clarification or have additional questions!
The nervous system
This document discusses the nervous system and how it controls and regulates the body. It describes how neurons send and receive signals through electrical and chemical processes. The nervous system consists of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system. The peripheral system includes cranial and spinal nerves that connect to muscles and organs. Sensory neurons receive signals from stimuli and motor neurons send signals to muscles and glands. The nervous system maintains homeostasis through reflexes and control systems that regulate vital functions like breathing and heart rate.
Grade 9 INTRA - The Human Nervous System (reference)
The human nervous system consists of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord, and controls movement, processing of sensory information, and other critical functions. The peripheral nervous system connects the central nervous system to sensory receptors and effectors throughout the body via sensory and motor neurons, allowing information to travel to and from the brain and spinal cord.
Chapter 8 nervous system
The document discusses the structure and function of the nervous system. It describes how the nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is further divided into grey matter and white matter. The PNS includes sensory and motor divisions. Key cell types that make up nervous tissue are described such as neurons, glial cells, and myelin sheaths. Reflex arcs and examples of reflexes like the patellar reflex are explained. An overview of the spinal cord, spinal nerves, and plexuses is provided. The major regions of the brainstem and diencephalon are outlined along with some of their functions in regulating
Introduction to Nervous system
This document provides an introduction to the nervous system, including its main components and functions. It begins with definitions of the nervous system and its role in controlling the body. It then describes the two major divisions of the nervous system - the central nervous system (CNS), comprising the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Key structures of the CNS like the forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain are outlined. The basic functions of the nervous system in receiving sensory input, integrating information, and directing motor responses are summarized. Finally, it discusses neurons, synapses, and memory formation and storage in the brain.
Nervous system
The document discusses the structure and function of the nervous system. It notes that neurons, along with supporting glial cells, make up the central and peripheral nervous systems. Information is transmitted between neurons electrochemically through cell bodies, axons, and synapses using neurotransmitters. The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord, which contain grey matter on the inside and white matter on the outside. The peripheral nervous system connects receptors, the CNS, and effectors through nerves. Sensory nerves transmit information from receptors to the CNS while motor nerves transmit information from the CNS to effectors.
Nervous System
The document summarizes the main components and functions of the human nervous system. It describes the central nervous system including the brain and spinal cord. It also describes the peripheral nervous system including cranial nerves and spinal nerves. Finally, it discusses the different types of neurons, their functions, and how they transmit signals in the body.
Nervous system
The nervous system has two main parts - the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is made up of the brain and spinal cord, and acts as the main control center. The brain controls all body functions and processes sensory information. The spinal cord relays messages between the brain and body and coordinates reflexes. The PNS connects the CNS to the rest of the body using cranial and spinal nerves. It links the CNS to sensory receptors and muscles throughout the body.
Introduction to nervous system
The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS contains the brain and spinal cord, which coordinate incoming and outgoing information. The PNS connects the CNS to organs and sensory receptors, carrying signals to and from the CNS. Neurons are the basic functional units and come in sensory, motor, and interneuron types that differ in their dendrite and axon structures. Sensory neurons carry signals to the CNS while motor neurons carry signals away, and interneurons connect signals within the CNS.
Nervous system
The nervous system has three main functions: (1) receive information from inside and outside the body, (2) interpret received information, and (3) make the body respond accordingly. It consists of the central nervous system, made up of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system of nerves throughout the body. The peripheral nervous system has two divisions - the somatic division for voluntary movement and reflexes, and the autonomic division for involuntary functions like digestion.
Introduction to nervous system, Divisions of Nervous System, Nervous System P...
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCrrAABI7QDRCJ1yMrQCip_w/videos
https://www.facebook.com/ShaistaJabeeen/
https://www.facebook.com/Human-Physiology-Lectures-100702741804409/
Introduction to nervous system, Divisions of Nervous System, Nervous System Physiology
Introduction to nervous system
Divisions of Nervous System
Nervous System Physiology
DIVISIONS OF NERVOUS SYSTEM
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Short Notes
ppt pdf
Nervous System
The document describes the structure and function of the nervous system. It discusses the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which includes nerves and ganglia outside the CNS. The nervous system has sensory and motor divisions, with sensory receiving information and motor transmitting it. Neurons conduct nerve impulses while glial cells support neurons. The brain regions include the cerebrum, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum. The spinal cord extends from the brain stem and is divided into sections.
Nervous System
The nervous system is composed of neurons that transmit signals in the form of electrochemical impulses. There are three main types of neurons - sensory neurons that receive stimuli, motor neurons that activate muscles and glands, and interneurons that connect neurons within the central nervous system. The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system, composed of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system composed of nerves that connect to the rest of the body. The central nervous system processes sensory information and coordinates motor responses through complex neural pathways and circuits in the brain and spinal cord.
Nerve,structure and function
The document discusses the structure and function of neurons and glial cells in the nervous system. It describes:
1. Neurons are the basic functional units of the nervous system that conduct electrical signals. They consist of a cell body, dendrites that receive signals, and an axon that conducts signals away from the cell body.
2. Glial cells provide support and insulation for neurons. The main types are astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells, and Schwann cells. Astrocytes help form the blood-brain barrier and supply nutrients to neurons. Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells form a fatty myelin sheath around ax
Nervous system
The nervous system is made up of nerves and cells that carry messages between the brain, spinal cord, and body. It is divided into the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system controls functions like blood pressure, breathing, hormone levels, and behaviors. It is composed of neurons, neuroglia, and other supporting cells. Neurons communicate via electrical and chemical signals to control bodily functions and respond to internal and external stimuli.
Chapter 9 10 11 12 Nervous System notes
The document provides an overview of the structure and function of the nervous system. It describes the central nervous system which includes the brain and spinal cord. The brain is divided into four main parts - the brain stem, diencephalon, cerebrum, and cerebellum. The brain stem consists of the medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain, each of which controls important neurological and physiological functions. The document also discusses the protective meninges layers surrounding the brain and spinal cord, as well as the circulatory cerebrospinal fluid.
Spinal cord
The spinal cord extends from the skull to the lower back, and has sensory and motor functions. It contains gray matter in an H-shape containing nuclei, and white matter containing ascending and descending tracts. The spinal cord is surrounded by meninges and has 31 pairs of spinal nerves that connect it to the body. It carries sensory information from the body to the brain via ascending tracts, and carries motor commands from the brain to the body via descending tracts.
Neuron structure and nerve cells
This document summarizes the structure and components of neurons and nerve cells. It discusses that neurons and glia cells are the two main types of cells in the nervous system. Neurons receive and transmit information, while glia cells provide support functions. The key components of a neuron are dendrites, the cell body, the axon, and presynaptic terminals. Information flows from dendrites to the cell body and down the axon. Neurons communicate via neurotransmitters released at presynaptic terminals. The document also outlines the roles of glia cells like oligodendrocytes and astrocytes in myelination and support of neurons.
Nervous system
This document summarizes the structure and types of cells in the nervous system. It describes that the nervous system contains central and peripheral divisions. The central nervous system contains the brain and spinal cord while the peripheral nervous system contains cranial and spinal nerves. There are two main cell types - neurons which are excitable cells that transmit signals and neuroglia which are non-excitable supporting cells. Neurons contain a cell body, dendrites and an axon. Neuroglia include astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglia. The document also provides an overview of the spinal nerve, reflex arc and different types of reflex actions.
Nervous system
This document discusses the nervous system, which connects all parts of the body and transmits signals. It has two major divisions: the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord, and serves as the main processing center. The PNS connects the CNS to organs and limbs, and has two divisions - the somatic nervous system for voluntary movement, and autonomic nervous system for involuntary functions like breathing.
Spinal reflexes 9-
The document discusses spinal reflexes and the reflex arc. It describes the five essential components of a reflex arc: receptor, sensory neuron, integration center in the central nervous system, motor neuron, and effector. As an example, it provides a detailed explanation of the withdrawal reflex in response to a hot stimulus, tracing the pathway from receptor detection through the full reflex arc and response. It also categorizes different types of reflexes based on the number of neurons involved, location of integration, and whether they are somatic, autonomic, innate, or learned.
Nervous System
The document provides an overview of the nervous system, including key structures and functions. It discusses the meninges surrounding the central nervous system, ventricles within the brain, cerebrospinal fluid, spinal cord tracts and reflex arcs. It also summarizes the major parts and lobes of the brain, cerebral cortex functions, and the peripheral and autonomic nervous systems.
Unit3 nutritionalprocessdigestive_illnesses
This document summarizes the key systems involved in the nutritional process: digestive, respiratory, circulatory, and excretory. It focuses on the digestive system, including the main parts of the gut and associated glands. The three phases of digestion - digestion, absorption, and expulsion - are described. The stages of digestion that occur in the mouth, stomach, and small intestine involve both physical and chemical breakdown of food. Absorption of nutrients occurs in the small intestine, while waste is expelled through the large intestine and other organs like the lungs and kidneys. Some common digestive illnesses are also briefly mentioned.
Unit3 nutritionalprocesscirculatory
The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart is a muscular pump made of four chambers that pumps blood through two circuits - the pulmonary circuit which sends blood to the lungs, and the systemic circuit which pumps blood to the entire body through arteries and veins. Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products and helps maintain homeostasis. Some common circulatory illnesses include arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, heart attacks, and angina.
More Related Content
What's hot
Grade 9 INTRA - The Human Nervous System (reference)
The human nervous system consists of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord, and controls movement, processing of sensory information, and other critical functions. The peripheral nervous system connects the central nervous system to sensory receptors and effectors throughout the body via sensory and motor neurons, allowing information to travel to and from the brain and spinal cord.
Chapter 8 nervous system
The document discusses the structure and function of the nervous system. It describes how the nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is further divided into grey matter and white matter. The PNS includes sensory and motor divisions. Key cell types that make up nervous tissue are described such as neurons, glial cells, and myelin sheaths. Reflex arcs and examples of reflexes like the patellar reflex are explained. An overview of the spinal cord, spinal nerves, and plexuses is provided. The major regions of the brainstem and diencephalon are outlined along with some of their functions in regulating
Introduction to Nervous system
This document provides an introduction to the nervous system, including its main components and functions. It begins with definitions of the nervous system and its role in controlling the body. It then describes the two major divisions of the nervous system - the central nervous system (CNS), comprising the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Key structures of the CNS like the forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain are outlined. The basic functions of the nervous system in receiving sensory input, integrating information, and directing motor responses are summarized. Finally, it discusses neurons, synapses, and memory formation and storage in the brain.
Nervous system
The document discusses the structure and function of the nervous system. It notes that neurons, along with supporting glial cells, make up the central and peripheral nervous systems. Information is transmitted between neurons electrochemically through cell bodies, axons, and synapses using neurotransmitters. The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord, which contain grey matter on the inside and white matter on the outside. The peripheral nervous system connects receptors, the CNS, and effectors through nerves. Sensory nerves transmit information from receptors to the CNS while motor nerves transmit information from the CNS to effectors.
Nervous System
The document summarizes the main components and functions of the human nervous system. It describes the central nervous system including the brain and spinal cord. It also describes the peripheral nervous system including cranial nerves and spinal nerves. Finally, it discusses the different types of neurons, their functions, and how they transmit signals in the body.
Nervous system
The nervous system has two main parts - the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is made up of the brain and spinal cord, and acts as the main control center. The brain controls all body functions and processes sensory information. The spinal cord relays messages between the brain and body and coordinates reflexes. The PNS connects the CNS to the rest of the body using cranial and spinal nerves. It links the CNS to sensory receptors and muscles throughout the body.
Introduction to nervous system
The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS contains the brain and spinal cord, which coordinate incoming and outgoing information. The PNS connects the CNS to organs and sensory receptors, carrying signals to and from the CNS. Neurons are the basic functional units and come in sensory, motor, and interneuron types that differ in their dendrite and axon structures. Sensory neurons carry signals to the CNS while motor neurons carry signals away, and interneurons connect signals within the CNS.
Nervous system
The nervous system has three main functions: (1) receive information from inside and outside the body, (2) interpret received information, and (3) make the body respond accordingly. It consists of the central nervous system, made up of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system of nerves throughout the body. The peripheral nervous system has two divisions - the somatic division for voluntary movement and reflexes, and the autonomic division for involuntary functions like digestion.
Introduction to nervous system, Divisions of Nervous System, Nervous System P...
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCrrAABI7QDRCJ1yMrQCip_w/videos
https://www.facebook.com/ShaistaJabeeen/
https://www.facebook.com/Human-Physiology-Lectures-100702741804409/
Introduction to nervous system, Divisions of Nervous System, Nervous System Physiology
Introduction to nervous system
Divisions of Nervous System
Nervous System Physiology
DIVISIONS OF NERVOUS SYSTEM
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Short Notes
ppt pdf
Nervous System
The document describes the structure and function of the nervous system. It discusses the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which includes nerves and ganglia outside the CNS. The nervous system has sensory and motor divisions, with sensory receiving information and motor transmitting it. Neurons conduct nerve impulses while glial cells support neurons. The brain regions include the cerebrum, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum. The spinal cord extends from the brain stem and is divided into sections.
Nervous System
The nervous system is composed of neurons that transmit signals in the form of electrochemical impulses. There are three main types of neurons - sensory neurons that receive stimuli, motor neurons that activate muscles and glands, and interneurons that connect neurons within the central nervous system. The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system, composed of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system composed of nerves that connect to the rest of the body. The central nervous system processes sensory information and coordinates motor responses through complex neural pathways and circuits in the brain and spinal cord.
Nerve,structure and function
The document discusses the structure and function of neurons and glial cells in the nervous system. It describes:
1. Neurons are the basic functional units of the nervous system that conduct electrical signals. They consist of a cell body, dendrites that receive signals, and an axon that conducts signals away from the cell body.
2. Glial cells provide support and insulation for neurons. The main types are astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells, and Schwann cells. Astrocytes help form the blood-brain barrier and supply nutrients to neurons. Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells form a fatty myelin sheath around ax
Nervous system
The nervous system is made up of nerves and cells that carry messages between the brain, spinal cord, and body. It is divided into the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system controls functions like blood pressure, breathing, hormone levels, and behaviors. It is composed of neurons, neuroglia, and other supporting cells. Neurons communicate via electrical and chemical signals to control bodily functions and respond to internal and external stimuli.
Chapter 9 10 11 12 Nervous System notes
The document provides an overview of the structure and function of the nervous system. It describes the central nervous system which includes the brain and spinal cord. The brain is divided into four main parts - the brain stem, diencephalon, cerebrum, and cerebellum. The brain stem consists of the medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain, each of which controls important neurological and physiological functions. The document also discusses the protective meninges layers surrounding the brain and spinal cord, as well as the circulatory cerebrospinal fluid.
Spinal cord
The spinal cord extends from the skull to the lower back, and has sensory and motor functions. It contains gray matter in an H-shape containing nuclei, and white matter containing ascending and descending tracts. The spinal cord is surrounded by meninges and has 31 pairs of spinal nerves that connect it to the body. It carries sensory information from the body to the brain via ascending tracts, and carries motor commands from the brain to the body via descending tracts.
Neuron structure and nerve cells
This document summarizes the structure and components of neurons and nerve cells. It discusses that neurons and glia cells are the two main types of cells in the nervous system. Neurons receive and transmit information, while glia cells provide support functions. The key components of a neuron are dendrites, the cell body, the axon, and presynaptic terminals. Information flows from dendrites to the cell body and down the axon. Neurons communicate via neurotransmitters released at presynaptic terminals. The document also outlines the roles of glia cells like oligodendrocytes and astrocytes in myelination and support of neurons.
Nervous system
This document summarizes the structure and types of cells in the nervous system. It describes that the nervous system contains central and peripheral divisions. The central nervous system contains the brain and spinal cord while the peripheral nervous system contains cranial and spinal nerves. There are two main cell types - neurons which are excitable cells that transmit signals and neuroglia which are non-excitable supporting cells. Neurons contain a cell body, dendrites and an axon. Neuroglia include astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglia. The document also provides an overview of the spinal nerve, reflex arc and different types of reflex actions.
Nervous system
This document discusses the nervous system, which connects all parts of the body and transmits signals. It has two major divisions: the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord, and serves as the main processing center. The PNS connects the CNS to organs and limbs, and has two divisions - the somatic nervous system for voluntary movement, and autonomic nervous system for involuntary functions like breathing.
Spinal reflexes 9-
The document discusses spinal reflexes and the reflex arc. It describes the five essential components of a reflex arc: receptor, sensory neuron, integration center in the central nervous system, motor neuron, and effector. As an example, it provides a detailed explanation of the withdrawal reflex in response to a hot stimulus, tracing the pathway from receptor detection through the full reflex arc and response. It also categorizes different types of reflexes based on the number of neurons involved, location of integration, and whether they are somatic, autonomic, innate, or learned.
Nervous System
The document provides an overview of the nervous system, including key structures and functions. It discusses the meninges surrounding the central nervous system, ventricles within the brain, cerebrospinal fluid, spinal cord tracts and reflex arcs. It also summarizes the major parts and lobes of the brain, cerebral cortex functions, and the peripheral and autonomic nervous systems.
What's hot (20)
Grade 9 INTRA - The Human Nervous System (reference)
Grade 9 INTRA - The Human Nervous System (reference)
Introduction to nervous system, Divisions of Nervous System, Nervous System P...
Introduction to nervous system, Divisions of Nervous System, Nervous System P...
Viewers also liked
Unit3 nutritionalprocessdigestive_illnesses
This document summarizes the key systems involved in the nutritional process: digestive, respiratory, circulatory, and excretory. It focuses on the digestive system, including the main parts of the gut and associated glands. The three phases of digestion - digestion, absorption, and expulsion - are described. The stages of digestion that occur in the mouth, stomach, and small intestine involve both physical and chemical breakdown of food. Absorption of nutrients occurs in the small intestine, while waste is expelled through the large intestine and other organs like the lungs and kidneys. Some common digestive illnesses are also briefly mentioned.
Unit3 nutritionalprocesscirculatory
The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart is a muscular pump made of four chambers that pumps blood through two circuits - the pulmonary circuit which sends blood to the lungs, and the systemic circuit which pumps blood to the entire body through arteries and veins. Blood carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products and helps maintain homeostasis. Some common circulatory illnesses include arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, heart attacks, and angina.
Unit3NutritionalprocessRespiratory
The document discusses respiration and the human respiratory system. It explains that food and oxygen react in cells to provide energy, with carbon dioxide produced as a waste product. It then describes the major parts of the respiratory system including the nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, bronchioles and alveoli. The diaphragm and intercostal muscles help with inhalation and exhalation by expanding and contracting the chest and lungs. Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli where oxygen passes into blood and carbon dioxide passes out.
Unit1: Organisation of Human Body
This document provides an overview of the organization of the human body from the subatomic to the organ system level. It begins by defining the different levels of organization, from subatomic to cellular to tissue to organ to system. Key points include that cells are the basic functional units that form tissues, tissues combine to form organs, and organ systems work together in an organized way. The document then discusses cell structure and function, including the cell membrane and different mechanisms of transport. It also covers the differentiation of cells into tissues, the main tissue types, and how organs are formed from tissues to perform specific functions. Finally, it classifies the main organ systems by their role in nutrition, reproduction, or interaction and notes that all systems work in
Endocrine System
This document summarizes the key aspects of the endocrine system. It describes how hormones are released from endocrine glands into the bloodstream and act on target cells. The main glands and hormones are listed, including how the parathyroid gland uses parathyroid hormone to regulate calcium levels. The hypothalamus and pituitary gland help regulate hormone production through feedback loops. The pancreas maintains blood glucose levels using insulin and glucagon. While the nervous system uses electrical signals, the endocrine system relies on slower chemical messengers called hormones to maintain homeostasis. Diabetes occurs when insulin production or function is compromised, leading to high blood sugar.
La Pedriza
1) The document discusses a science project about the regional park of La Pedriza located in the upper course of the River Manzanares. It covers topics like the relief, climate, landscape, vegetation and fauna of the area.
2) The main rock type in La Pedriza is granite, which was formed millions of years ago during the Hercynian orogeny. The climate is Mediterranean with warm, dry summers and mild, wet winters.
3) Features of the river basin such as the source, confluence, tributaries and mouth are identified and labeled on a map. The upper course of the River Manzanares displays characteristics of erosion like interlocking sp
Unit5 reproductionandsexuality
This document provides an overview of the human reproductive system and process. It begins by defining the key terms and describing puberty and the changes that occur. It then details the male and female reproductive systems, including their main parts and functions. The ovarian and menstrual cycles are explained next, followed by fertilization, gestation, birth, and assisted reproduction techniques. The document concludes by covering contraception methods.
Rubric
This document outlines the structure and criteria for a report on the health effects of substances like alcohol, smoking, and drugs. It includes sections on topic definition, consequences, current data, sources, and the student's own research. The topic definition and consequences sections should discuss the substances, their addictive nature, and related illnesses. Current data should include statistics presented in pictures and graphs. Sources must be cited and the student's research must inquire at least 20 people on the topic through 5 questions and represent the results.
Unit 5 Nervous System
This document provides an overview of the interaction between the nervous and endocrine systems. It discusses:
1. The interaction process and how the nervous and endocrine systems connect and coordinate different parts of the body to adapt to changing internal and external conditions.
2. The basic unit of the nervous system, the neuron, and how it transmits electric signals via neurotransmitters between neurons.
3. The main components of the nervous system including the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system (nerves). It also discusses the protections and tissue types of the central nervous system.
Unit 4 Circulatory and Excretory Systems
The document summarizes key components and functions of the circulatory and excretory systems. It describes the components of blood and the double circulatory system, which transports blood to and from the heart and lungs. The document also outlines urine formation through the kidneys and excretory system. Major illnesses like arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, heart attacks and cystitis are also summarized.
Research_project_instructions
The document provides instructions for creating a model of the lungs using common household materials by a certain deadline. It also outlines assignments for student groups to research and create informative posters on health topics like the risks of smoking, alcohol, and other drugs, which will be displayed in the school corridors. A separate notice schedules a lab for the following week where students will dissect and examine lamb or pig kidneys to learn about the excretory system.
Unit3 Excretory System
The document summarizes the human excretory system. It describes the key organs involved - the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. The kidneys filter waste from the blood to form urine, which is stored in the bladder and exits the body through the urethra. The document also outlines the anatomy and function of nephrons, the basic filtering units of the kidneys. It explains how urine is produced through a selective filtering and reabsorption process in the nephrons. Finally, it lists some common diseases of the excretory system like kidney stones, cystitis, and renal insufficiency.
Unit 3 Digestive and Respiratory Systems
This document provides an overview of the digestive and respiratory systems. It begins by outlining the learning objectives which are to understand how the digestive and respiratory systems work, explain their key processes, recognize healthy lifestyle habits, and identify related illnesses. The document then proceeds to define key terms and components of each system, explain their functions and processes like digestion and gas exchange, discuss accessory organs, and identify some illnesses that can impact the systems.
Unit 2: Food and Nutrition
This document covers key learning objectives and concepts around human nutrition, including:
- Understanding nutritional needs for energy, structure, and regulation.
- Recognizing important nutrients like carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water along with their main functions.
- Analyzing different diet types such as the Mediterranean diet.
- Identifying healthy eating habits and food labeling information.
Viewers also liked (14)
Similar to The Nervous System
Control and coordination
The document summarizes control and coordination in humans. It discusses how the nervous system and endocrine system allow for coordination in animals through receptors that receive stimuli and effectors that respond. It describes the central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system. It provides details on the structure and function of neurons, types of neurons, and reflex actions. It explains that the brain is the main coordinating center and discusses its main parts and functions. It also discusses the spinal cord and autonomic nervous system.
Psychology Chapter 6
The document summarizes key aspects of the nervous system, brain, and behavior. It describes the central and peripheral nervous systems, including neurons, neurotransmitters, and the somatic and autonomic nervous systems. It then discusses three parts of the brain - hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain - and their functions. The document also summarizes the endocrine system, hormones, and key glands like the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenals. It concludes by discussing the interplay between heredity and environment based on twin studies.
Control and coordination (nervous system)
The document discusses the nervous system and coordination in animals. It states that the nervous system and endocrine system allow for control and coordination in animals by allowing different organs to work together to respond to stimuli. The nervous system is made up of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system (cranial and spinal nerves). Neurons are the basic functional units that transmit nerve impulses through axons to synapses. The brain is divided into the forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain, each controlling different functions. The spinal cord carries messages between the brain and body and helps control reflex actions.
Abxdefghijklmnopqestuwvmsjskshshsjshjsjsjis
The document discusses the structure and functions of the nervous system. It describes the nervous system as having three main functions: sensory, control, and motor. The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord. Nerves connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body. Sensory nerves carry messages to the CNS and motor nerves carry messages from the CNS to muscles and glands. Reflex actions are involuntary responses that occur through a reflex arc involving sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. Different regions of the brain control various functions like conscious thought, movement, and balance.
nervous system
The document discusses the nervous system, including its key components and functions. It describes:
- The central nervous system (CNS), made up of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), consisting of nerves that connect to organs.
- How neurons transmit signals via electrical and chemical synapses, aided by glial cells. The PNS has somatic and autonomic divisions, with the latter regulating involuntary functions.
- Common nervous system disorders include infections, injuries, degeneration and functional issues presenting with headaches, weakness and sensory changes. Neurologists and neurological surgeons treat such conditions.
C)nervous system
The document discusses the structure and function of the nervous system. It describes that the nervous system controls and regulates all functions of the body. It is made up of the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system includes the brain parts like cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla, and diencephalon. The cerebrum controls higher functions while the cerebellum coordinates movement. The peripheral nervous system includes the somatic and autonomic systems. The autonomic system further divides into the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems which work to stimulate or relax the body. Exercise is beneficial for the nervous system by reducing anxiety and depression and increasing blood flow to the brain.
Nervous system and coordination brian & friends para 4to
The nervous system allows organisms to detect stimuli and respond appropriately. It contains receptors that detect stimuli and effectors like muscles and glands that respond. The nervous system uses both electrical and chemical signals to coordinate these responses. The central nervous system, made up of the brain and spinal cord, processes sensory information and coordinates motor responses. It communicates with the peripheral nervous system and body via neurons. The peripheral nervous system contains the nerves connecting the central nervous system to receptors and effectors throughout the body. Together, the nervous system's components allow organisms to detect environmental changes and mount coordinated responses for survival.
Psych 200 Neuroscience and Behavior
Neurons are the basic building blocks and signaling cells of the nervous system. They have a cell body containing the nucleus, dendrites which receive signals, and an axon which carries signals to other cells. Neurons communicate via electrochemical signals and neurotransmitters released at synapses between neurons. The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system. The peripheral system includes the somatic and autonomic systems. The autonomic system regulates involuntary functions and has sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. The brain is the control center and can be studied using techniques like EEG, CAT scans, PET scans, and MRI. It is made up of the hindbrain, midbrain,
neurons.pptx
The document summarizes the structure and function of the nervous system. It discusses:
- The basic unit of the nervous system is the neuron, which contains dendrites, a nucleus, cell body, axon, myelin sheath, and axon terminals. Neurons transmit nerve impulses.
- There are three types of neurons: sensory neurons transmit impulses from sense organs to the brain/spinal cord, motor neurons transmit impulses from brain/spinal cord to muscles, and associative neurons analyze and interpret data in the central nervous system.
- The five sense organs (eyes, ears, nose, tongue, skin) receive stimuli from the environment and send messages to the brain
2 Human Body Nervous system.pptx
The nervous system has four primary functions: sensing the world, transmitting information, processing information, and producing responses. It has two main divisions - the central nervous system (CNS) containing the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) containing all other nerves. The basic functional unit of the nervous system is the neuron, which transmits electrochemical signals through a reflex arc pathway involving sensory, inter, and motor neurons.
Unit 2 nervous system
The document discusses the nervous system. It begins by outlining the four primary functions of the nervous system: sensing the world, transmitting information, processing information, and producing a response. It then describes neurons and their parts including dendrites, cell body, axon, and axon terminals. It explains the three main types of neurons and provides an overview of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Key areas of the brain and their functions are identified. Finally, it discusses the autonomic nervous system and roles of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
10c; control systems
The document provides an overview of the nervous and endocrine systems that control and regulate functions in the human body. It describes the central and peripheral nervous systems, including neurons, nerve impulses, and neurotransmitters. It also explains the roles of the brain structures like the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem. Additionally, it outlines the endocrine glands like the pituitary, thyroid, adrenals, pancreas and the hormones they secrete to regulate processes in the body.
1. Physiology
The document discusses two perspectives in physiological psychology:
1) Human thoughts, emotions, and behaviors can be traced to physical events in the nervous system.
2) Evolutionary psychology - human and non-human activities occur as a consequence of our evolutionary history.
It also provides an overview of the structure and function of the nervous system, including neurons, the brain, and peripheral and central nervous systems. Key concepts like neurotransmitters, the autonomic nervous system, and fight or flight response are explained.
Nervous system
The nervous system has three main functions: receiving information, interpreting information, and making the body respond. It is divided into the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system (nerves throughout the body). The peripheral nervous system is further divided into the somatic nervous system (controls voluntary muscles and skin sensation) and autonomic nervous system (controls involuntary functions like heart rate through the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions). Neurons are the basic functional units and transmit signals through electrical and chemical processes. Common nervous system ailments include multiple sclerosis, polio, brain tumors, meningitis, rabies, stroke, and encephalitis.
COORDINATION AND RESPONSE
The document discusses coordination and response in biology. It covers coordination in animals through the nervous and endocrine systems. It describes the key parts of the human nervous system including neurons, the central nervous system, and reflex arcs. It also discusses the endocrine system, listing the major endocrine glands and their functions. The document then covers coordination and response in plants through tropisms such as phototropism and geotropism, which are influenced by the plant hormone auxin.
Nervous System
The nerve cell is the basic unit of communication in the vertebrate nervous system. A neuron consists of a cell body with dendrites that receive signals and a long axon that transmits impulses. An action potential is generated when the voltage across the membrane is briefly switched and moves down the axon. Neurotransmitters are released at the synaptic cleft between neurons to transmit signals to the next cell. The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system. Sensory neurons carry signals to the CNS while motor neurons carry signals away from the CNS to effector cells like muscles.
Norvous system.pptx
The nervous system coordinates the body's behavior and transmits signals through neurons. The nervous system is composed of the central nervous system, made up of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, consisting of nerves that connect to sensory organs and internal organs. Nerve cells called neurons are the basic functional units and transmit electrical or chemical signals through axons and dendrites to regulate bodily functions.
General Biology.ppt
The document summarizes the nervous and endocrine systems and how they help regulate and coordinate responses in living organisms. It discusses:
- The nervous system which uses neurons and electrical signals to trigger fast, short-lived responses. The endocrine system uses hormones to trigger slower but longer-lasting responses.
- How more complex animals developed centralized nervous systems like nerve nets and ganglia to control behaviors. Neurons, glia cells, and the divisions of the central and peripheral nervous system are described.
- The senses and sensory receptors that allow organisms to detect stimuli in the environment and internal body processes. Plants also use hormones and tropisms like phototropism to respond to environmental changes.
Anatomy of ns
The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord. The brain controls functions like awareness, thoughts, movements, sensations, and memory. The PNS includes nerves and ganglia. It has sensory and motor divisions. Neurons transmit signals via electrical and chemical processes at synapses using neurotransmitters. Glial cells support neuron function. The presentation provides detailed information on the structure and function of the nervous system.
Regulation & control
The document discusses homeostasis and how organisms maintain stable internal conditions. It describes three main points:
1. Homeostasis involves keeping internal environments like water levels, blood sugar, and temperature in balance. It occurs through stimulus-response mechanisms.
2. Stimuli are detected by receptors and signals are sent to coordinating centers which trigger effectors to respond. Responses are coordinated through the nervous and endocrine systems.
3. The nervous system provides fast control via electrochemical signaling along neurons. The endocrine system provides slower control through chemical messengers called hormones transported in the bloodstream.
Similar to The Nervous System (20)
Nervous system and coordination brian & friends para 4to
Nervous system and coordination brian & friends para 4to
More from aurorabiologia
Exámenes septiembre 2016
El documento presenta el calendario de las pruebas extraordinarias de septiembre de 2016 para alumnos de 1o a 4o de ESO y 1o y 2o de Bachillerato. Se especifican las asignaturas, aulas y horarios de los exámenes a realizarse entre el 1 y el 5 de septiembre. Las pruebas tendrán una duración de 1 hora y 30 minutos y los alumnos no podrán abandonar el aula durante los primeros 15 minutos.
Unit10 Ecosystems
This document provides information about ecosystems, including:
1. It defines an ecosystem as the combination of a biological community and its physical environment, and describes the cycling of matter and flow of energy within ecosystems.
2. It discusses the organization of ecosystems, including trophic levels in food chains and webs, and how biomass and numbers decrease with each higher trophic level in ecological pyramids.
3. It provides an overview of biogeochemical cycles, specifically the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles, which are important for ecosystem function.
Unit 7 :Molecular Genetics
This document provides an overview of molecular genetics and biotechnology. It discusses the structure of DNA and the DNA double helix model. It explains DNA replication, which is essential for cells to copy genetic material before cell division. Gene expression through transcription and translation is summarized, including how DNA is copied into mRNA and then translated into proteins. The sequencing of the human genome is mentioned, along with applications like disease diagnosis. Genetic engineering techniques like cloning and genetically modified organisms are defined. Finally, biotechnology applications in agriculture, medicine, and industry are briefly described.
Unit6_HumanGenetics
This document discusses human genetics and genetic disorders. It covers inheritance and human variation, including dominant and recessive traits. Quantitative traits like skin and eye color are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. The document also discusses genetic diagnosis through amniocentesis and common genetic disorders such as autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and those linked to the X chromosome like color blindness and hemophilia. Pedigree charts are presented as a way to track inheritance of genetic traits across generations.
Unit7_MolecularGenetics
This document provides an overview of molecular genetics and biotechnology. It discusses the structure of DNA and the DNA double helix model. It explains DNA replication, which is essential for cells to copy genetic material before cell division. Gene expression through transcription and translation is summarized, including how DNA is copied into mRNA and then translated into proteins. The sequencing of the human genome is mentioned, along with applications like disease diagnosis. Genetic engineering techniques like isolating, inserting, and recombining genes are outlined. Uses of biotechnology in agriculture, farming, and medicine are also reviewed.
Unit5: Biological Inheritance
This document summarizes key concepts in biological inheritance. It discusses genes and alleles, Mendel's laws of inheritance from early genetic studies using pea plants, and the chromosomal theory of heredity. It also addresses determining sex and sex-linked traits, inheritance patterns for traits on the X chromosome, causes of mutations, and provides examples of gene, chromosome, and numerical mutations. The document defines important genetic terms and lists topics covered in each section.
Unit9 Living Things in their Environment
This document provides an overview of living things in their environment. It discusses environmental factors, adaptations of organisms, how organisms change their environment, populations, and communities. Specifically, it defines abiotic and biotic factors, limiting factors, and different types of adaptations including morphological, physiological, and behavioral adaptations. It also describes population dynamics including exponential and stationary growth phases. Finally, it examines community concepts such as ecological succession, soil composition, and interspecific relationships including mutualism, parasitism, predation, and competition.
Unit8: Origin and Evolution of Life
The document summarizes key concepts in the evolution of life. It discusses early theories of spontaneous generation and the Miller-Urey experiment demonstrating organic molecules can form from inorganic precursors. Modern evolutionary theory developed from Darwin's principles of variation within populations, a struggle for existence, and survival of the fittest. Evidence for evolution includes homologous and vestigial structures, transitional fossils, embryological similarities, and molecular comparisons. Present-day evolution theories have expanded on Darwin's work through ideas like punctuated equilibrium, selfish genes, and the endosymbiotic origin of eukaryotic cells. New species arise through genetic isolation of populations and their gradual differentiation over time. The appearance of human beings is traced from early homin
Unit7 Molecular Genetics
This document provides an overview of molecular genetics and biotechnology. It discusses DNA structure and replication, gene expression through transcription and translation, genetic engineering techniques like cloning and genetic modification, applications of mapping the human genome, and uses of biotechnology in areas like agriculture, medicine, and biomedical research. The key topics covered include the central dogma of molecular biology, genetic engineering processes, important discoveries like the structure of DNA and sequencing the human genome, and how biotechnology applies molecular genetics.
Unit 6 Human Genetics
This document discusses human genetics and genetic disorders. It covers inheritance and human variation, including dominant and recessive traits. Quantitative traits like skin and eye color are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. The document also discusses diagnosing genetic diseases through amniocentesis and examines common genetic disorders such as autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and those linked to the X chromosome like color blindness and hemophilia. Pedigree charts are presented as a way to track the inheritance of these traits and disorders across generations.
Unit 6 Human Genetics
This document discusses human genetics and genetic disorders. It covers inheritance and human variation, including dominant and recessive traits. Quantitative traits like skin and eye color are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. The document also discusses diagnosing genetic diseases through amniocentesis and examines common genetic disorders such as autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and those linked to the X chromosome like color blindness and hemophilia. Pedigree charts are presented as a way to track the inheritance of these traits and disorders across generations.
Unit 6 Human Genetics
This document discusses human genetics and genetic disorders. It covers inheritance and human variation, including dominant and recessive traits. Quantitative traits like skin and eye color are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. The document also discusses diagnosing genetic diseases through amniocentesis and examines common genetic disorders like autosomal dominant and recessive traits as well as traits linked to the X chromosome. Pedigree charts are presented as a way to analyze inheritance patterns across generations.
Unit5 Biological Inheritance
This document provides an overview of biological inheritance. It discusses genes and alleles, Mendel's laws of inheritance from his early genetic studies with pea plants, the location of genes on chromosomes, determining sex based on sex chromosomes, inheritance linked to sex chromosomes, and mutations. The key topics covered are Mendel's principles of uniformity, segregation, and independent assortment which established the foundations of modern genetics. It also examines gene location and linkage, sex determination, sex-linked inheritance patterns, and the types and causes of genetic mutations.
Unit4: Cells
Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living organisms. There are two main types of cells - prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Eukaryotic cells contain organelles and a nucleus enclosed within a nuclear envelope. Cell division through mitosis and meiosis allows organisms to grow and reproduce. Mitosis produces two identical daughter cells while meiosis results in four non-identical haploid cells.
Unit3 The History of the Earth
The document provides an overview of the history of Earth from its formation 4.5 billion years ago to the present. It describes how the solar system formed, including the Earth, and the early development of the planet. Key events mentioned include the formation of the first life forms, the rise of oxygen in the atmosphere, the emergence of complex life and fossils, periods of climate change, shifting continents, and mass extinctions. The text also discusses methods for dating the age of the Earth and geological eras.
Unit3: The History of the Earth
The document provides an overview of the history of Earth from its formation 4.5 billion years ago to the present. It describes how the solar system formed, including the Earth, and the early development of the planet. Key events mentioned include the formation of the first life forms, the rise of oxygen in the atmosphere, the emergence of complex life and fossils, periods of climate change, shifting continents, and mass extinctions. The text also discusses methods for dating the age of the Earth and geological eras.
Unit 2: Internal Energy and Landforms
This document discusses various geological concepts including:
1. The different types of stresses that cause rock deformation and the formation of faults and folds.
2. The rock cycle and how rocks are formed through internal and external geological processes.
3. How mountain ranges are formed through processes like orogeny and the development of accretionary prisms and collision zones.
4. The concept of isostasy and how it relates to equilibrium between the lithosphere and mantle.
5. How different landforms are shaped by factors such as climate, rock type, and geological activity.
Unit1 Plate Tectonics
The document discusses plate tectonics and the structure of the Earth. It describes how seismic waves can reveal layers inside the Earth like the crust, mantle, and core. It explains continental drift and how the theory of plate tectonics developed. Plates move at boundaries where they can spread apart, collide, or slide past each other, causing earthquakes and building landforms.
Unit1: Plate Tectonics
The document summarizes key concepts in plate tectonics including:
1) The Earth's interior is divided into layers based on composition and physical state, including the crust, mantle, and core.
2) Seismic waves provide evidence of discontinuities between layers like the Mohorovicic discontinuity between the crust and mantle.
3) Early theories proposed continental drift but plate tectonics explains the movement of lithospheric plates at boundaries like divergent boundaries that create ocean floor.
Unit5: Reproduction and Sexuality
This document provides an overview of the human reproductive system and process. It begins by describing puberty and the changes that occur for both males and females during this time. It then details the male and female reproductive systems, including the testes/ovaries and their role in producing gametes. The document explains the ovarian and menstrual cycles and how they are regulated by hormones. It describes the process of fertilization and the development of the embryo and fetus during pregnancy. It outlines the stages of labor and birth. The document also discusses assisted reproduction techniques for infertility and various contraception methods.
More from aurorabiologia (20)
Recently uploaded
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/qhtvq32h4ybf9t49ku85x0n3xl4jhr15Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/tacvl9ekroe9hqupdnjruiypvm9rdaneLevel 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.ppt
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Aberdeen
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation results
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
How to deliver Powerpoint Presentations.pptx
"How to make and deliver dynamic presentations by making it more interactive to captivate your audience attention"
HYPERTENSION - SLIDE SHARE PRESENTATION.
IT WILL BE HELPFULL FOR THE NUSING STUDENTS
IT FOCUSED ON MEDICAL MANAGEMENT AND NURSING MANAGEMENT.
HIGHLIGHTS ON HEALTH EDUCATION.
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/y977uz6bpd3af4qsebv7r9b7s21935vdPhilippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) Curriculum
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
Recently uploaded (20)
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...
BÀI TẬP DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 7 CẢ NĂM FRIENDS PLUS SÁCH CHÂN TRỜI SÁNG TẠO ...
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...
NEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptx
NEWSPAPERS - QUESTION 1 - REVISION POWERPOINT.pptx
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.ppt
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.ppt
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
B. Ed Syllabus for babasaheb ambedkar education university.pdf
B. Ed Syllabus for babasaheb ambedkar education university.pdf
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...
SWOT analysis in the project Keeping the Memory @live.pptx
SWOT analysis in the project Keeping the Memory @live.pptx
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) Curriculum
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) Curriculum
The Nervous System
- 2. INDEX 1. Interaction and coordination in human beings 2. Nervous tissues and neurons 3. Receptors 4. Nervous system 5. Diseases related to the nervous system
- 3. All organisms need to: • interact with the environment • get information from their own bodies • coordinate their activities The interaction process is the set of processes through which an organism: obtains information from the environment takes decisions, controls its actions coordinates the functioning of the body.
- 4. The process of interaction has 3 steps: Obtaining information by the receptors, which get information from the exterior and the interior of the body. Analysis of the information and elaboration of a response by the nervous system and the endocrine system Execution of the response by the effectors, like muscles or glands
- 5. Systems involved in interaction and co-ordination System Main features Receptors They are isolated organs, like the eyes, the ears, etc. Nervous system It is made up by neurons Endocrine system Its glands produce hormones, which travel through the blood Muscular and skeletal systems They carry out the responses requiring movement or displacement Activity 2, 3 and 4 page 97
- 6. •Cell body: thickest part of the neuron. It contains the nucleus and the majority of the organelles. •Axon: a large prolongation which comes out of the cell body and branches out at the end. •Dendrites: small branching prolongations of the body of the cell. •Schwann cells: they protect and isolate the axon.
- 7. Neurons are conected to each other by means of the dendrites and the branched ends of the axon. Dendrite and axon are separated by a small gap known as the synapse.
- 8. Nervous impulses are weak electric currents which are transmitted by the axon at a speed of as much as 100 m/s
- 9. Neurotransmitters are chemical substances released by the axon of a neuron when it is reached by a nervous impulse. This substances are detected by the following neuron which produces another nervous impulse.
- 10. Sensory Neurons They carry information from the receptors to the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) Motor Neurons They take information to the effectors Interneurons They connect sensory neurons and motor neurons Activity 2 and 4 page 99
- 11. Sensory receptors are the structures of our body which are specialised in capturing stimuli. Some of them are concentrated in the organs of the five senses Others are in our viscera, muscles and joints
- 12. Type of receptor Stimulus Organ Mechanoreceptors Pressure, sound Skin, muscles, viscera, ear Thermoreceptors Heat and cold Skin Chemoreceptors Chemical substances (smell, flavour) Olfactory mucus (nose), taste buds (tongue) Photoreceptors Light Retina of the eye Nocireceptors Pain Skin, muscles, viscera
- 13. Eye Activities
- 16. Tongue
- 18. The nervous system consists of : • A. Central nervous system •A. 1. The encephalon •A. 2. The spinal cord •B. Peripheral nervous system •The nerves
- 19. A. Central nervous system A. 1. Encephalon Parts: cerebrum or brain Cerebellum brain stem (bulbo raquídeo) limbic system with: • hypothalamus • thalamus
- 20. A. pituitary gland B. cerebrum or brain C. skull D. corpus callosum E. thalamus F. hypothalamus G. brain stem H. cerebellum I. medulla J. spinal cord
- 21. •Cranium (bone) •Meninges (3 membranes) •Cerebro-spinal fluid
- 22. analyses all the information from the receptors and orders voluntary responses. It is the centre for language, thought, creativity learning and memory. It is the only conscious structure of the encephalon. intervenes in the control of muscles, balance and the posture of the body. controls the heartbeat, breathing, deglution, contracting and dilating of blood vessels, etc. It also causes reflexes such as coughing, vomiting and sneezing
- 23. The limbic system is the basis of our emotions. It contains the thalamus, hypothalamus and other parts. It controls instinctive behaviour related with feeding, agression and sexuality. filters the information from the receptors. controls the temperature of the body and blood pressure.
- 24. •Spinal column or vertebral column (bone) •Meninges (3 membranes) •Cerebro-spinal liquid A. 2. Spinal cord
- 28. A nerve contains a mixture of nerve fibres (axons) B. Peripheral nervous system: the nerves Nerves can be: -Cranial linked to the brain -Spinal linked to the spinal cord
- 30. 1. A stimulus is produced on a receptor. 2. A sensory nerve captures the information. 3. The spinal cord acts as integration centre: it orders the response. 4. The information is collected by interneurons and sent to the motor nerve. 5. The motor nerve conects to an effector, the muscle, which produces the response.
- 32. Thanks to the reflex arc a rapid response is achieved in situations of danger. For example: if we puncture ourselves we immediately (and unconsciously) remove the part of our body which is in danger.
- 34. Alzheimer and Parkinson are degenerative illnesses in which neurons are destroyed. Alzheimer’s Disease produces a progressive loss of memory and ability to reason.
- 35. Parkinson affects movement and causes trembling and rigidity.
- 36. Otitis is an inflammation of the ear, at times accompanied by the secretion of pus, Which causes pain but it can be cured with antibiotics. Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctive membrane, which causes redness, itching, tears and a secretion. Cataracts consist of the transformation of the lens of the eye, which become opaque.