Inductive Proximity sensing is more than an application of electric field but it's a tool that's used in many and many applications including airbags in cars, wind turbines, mobile phones, minesweeping robots and many many others .
they are very simple in idea but very efficient in applications
this is a slide based on proximity sensors, its types,and its application.
A proximity sensor is a sensor able to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact.
A proximity sensor often emits an electromagnetic field or a beam of electromagnetic radiation (infrared, for instance), and looks for changes in the field or return signal. The object being sensed is often referred to as the proximity sensor's target. Different proximity sensor targets demand different sensors. For example, a capacitive proximity sensor or photoelectric sensor might be suitable for a plastic target; an inductive proximity sensor always requires a metal target.[citation needed]
Proximity sensors can have a high reliability and long functional life because of the absence of mechanical parts and lack of physical contact between the sensor and the sensed object.
Proximity sensors are also used in machine vibration monitoring to measure the variation in distance between a shaft and its support bearing. This is common in large steam turbines, compressors, and motors that use sleeve-type bearings.
Proximity sensors are commonly used on mobile devices. When the target is within nominal range, the device lock screen user interface will appear, thus emerging from what is known as sleep mode. Once the device has awoken from sleep mode, if the proximity sensor's target is still for an extended period of time, the sensor will then ignore it, and the device will eventually revert into sleep mode. For example, during a telephone call, proximity sensors play a role in detecting (and skipping) accidental touchscreen taps when mobiles are held to the ear.[1]
Proximity sensors can be used to recognise air gestures and hover-manipulations. An array of proximity sensing elements can replace vision-camera or depth camera based solutions for the hand gesture detection.
Inductive Proximity sensing is more than an application of electric field but it's a tool that's used in many and many applications including airbags in cars, wind turbines, mobile phones, minesweeping robots and many many others .
they are very simple in idea but very efficient in applications
this is a slide based on proximity sensors, its types,and its application.
A proximity sensor is a sensor able to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact.
A proximity sensor often emits an electromagnetic field or a beam of electromagnetic radiation (infrared, for instance), and looks for changes in the field or return signal. The object being sensed is often referred to as the proximity sensor's target. Different proximity sensor targets demand different sensors. For example, a capacitive proximity sensor or photoelectric sensor might be suitable for a plastic target; an inductive proximity sensor always requires a metal target.[citation needed]
Proximity sensors can have a high reliability and long functional life because of the absence of mechanical parts and lack of physical contact between the sensor and the sensed object.
Proximity sensors are also used in machine vibration monitoring to measure the variation in distance between a shaft and its support bearing. This is common in large steam turbines, compressors, and motors that use sleeve-type bearings.
Proximity sensors are commonly used on mobile devices. When the target is within nominal range, the device lock screen user interface will appear, thus emerging from what is known as sleep mode. Once the device has awoken from sleep mode, if the proximity sensor's target is still for an extended period of time, the sensor will then ignore it, and the device will eventually revert into sleep mode. For example, during a telephone call, proximity sensors play a role in detecting (and skipping) accidental touchscreen taps when mobiles are held to the ear.[1]
Proximity sensors can be used to recognise air gestures and hover-manipulations. An array of proximity sensing elements can replace vision-camera or depth camera based solutions for the hand gesture detection.
A Flexible and Stretchable Tactile Sensor utilizing Static Electricity
The tactile sensor is required for various robots.
In humanoid robots, flexibility of the sensor is an important
feature for preventing physical damage and for interacting
with the human. Moreover, stretchability of the sensor has
advantages that the sensor is nonbreakable and that the sensor can be easily mounted on curved surfaces or deformable parts such as joints. This paper proposes a novel tactile sensor made of flexible and stretchable silicone rubber.
A structure of the sensor is similar to the capacitive tactile sensors. However, the proposed sensor utilizes a different principle from existing sensors. The sensor utilizes static electricity and electrostatic induction phenomenon, and can detect some touch conditions.
This paper reports the principle and characteristics of the
proposed sensor. Experiments show that the sensor output
depends on touch area, touch velocity, and material of touch
objects. However, the sensor does not depend on touch weight.
Moreover, the experiment shows that even if the proposed
sensor is stretched, it performs as the tactile sensor.
A proximity sensor is a sensor able to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact. It detects An Object When The Object Approaches Within The Detection Range And Boundary Of The Sensor. Proximity Sensor Includes All The Sensor That Perform Non-Contact Detection In Comparison To Sensors Such As Limit Switch, That Detect The Object By Physically Contacting Them. It is a sensor able to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact
Tactile sensors and their robotic applicationsAasheesh Tandon
This presentation discusses about artificial tactile sensors, it's comparison with human tactile senses. Further different types of tactile sensors are enlisted ,with a few given in more detail.
Robotic applications are also discussed and then finally future developments in this area is mentioned.
Float level sensors are continuous level sensors attributing a magnetic float that move up and down as liquid levels change. The movement of the float creates a magnetic field that actuates a hermetically sealed reed switch in the stem of the level sensor, triggering the switch to open or close.
Inductive Position Sensing With Single Coil ElementsKay Bocock
A Gill Sensors & Controls and IEC technical presentation on ‘Inductive Position Sensing with Single Coil Elements Using Time Discrimination’ which discussed the key principles of their induction technology. Discover how utilising the technology can improve aspects of performance in demanding applications including, off-highway, process machinery and construction vehicles.
An inductive effect occurs when the electrons shared between two atoms or groups of different electronegativities are withdrawn to the more electronegative atom or group through the σ bond resulting in a separation of charge, or dipole.
Contributed by: Colin Swenson and Tewoderos Ayele (Undergraduates)
University of Utah, 2015
A Flexible and Stretchable Tactile Sensor utilizing Static Electricity
The tactile sensor is required for various robots.
In humanoid robots, flexibility of the sensor is an important
feature for preventing physical damage and for interacting
with the human. Moreover, stretchability of the sensor has
advantages that the sensor is nonbreakable and that the sensor can be easily mounted on curved surfaces or deformable parts such as joints. This paper proposes a novel tactile sensor made of flexible and stretchable silicone rubber.
A structure of the sensor is similar to the capacitive tactile sensors. However, the proposed sensor utilizes a different principle from existing sensors. The sensor utilizes static electricity and electrostatic induction phenomenon, and can detect some touch conditions.
This paper reports the principle and characteristics of the
proposed sensor. Experiments show that the sensor output
depends on touch area, touch velocity, and material of touch
objects. However, the sensor does not depend on touch weight.
Moreover, the experiment shows that even if the proposed
sensor is stretched, it performs as the tactile sensor.
A proximity sensor is a sensor able to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact. It detects An Object When The Object Approaches Within The Detection Range And Boundary Of The Sensor. Proximity Sensor Includes All The Sensor That Perform Non-Contact Detection In Comparison To Sensors Such As Limit Switch, That Detect The Object By Physically Contacting Them. It is a sensor able to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact
Tactile sensors and their robotic applicationsAasheesh Tandon
This presentation discusses about artificial tactile sensors, it's comparison with human tactile senses. Further different types of tactile sensors are enlisted ,with a few given in more detail.
Robotic applications are also discussed and then finally future developments in this area is mentioned.
Float level sensors are continuous level sensors attributing a magnetic float that move up and down as liquid levels change. The movement of the float creates a magnetic field that actuates a hermetically sealed reed switch in the stem of the level sensor, triggering the switch to open or close.
Inductive Position Sensing With Single Coil ElementsKay Bocock
A Gill Sensors & Controls and IEC technical presentation on ‘Inductive Position Sensing with Single Coil Elements Using Time Discrimination’ which discussed the key principles of their induction technology. Discover how utilising the technology can improve aspects of performance in demanding applications including, off-highway, process machinery and construction vehicles.
An inductive effect occurs when the electrons shared between two atoms or groups of different electronegativities are withdrawn to the more electronegative atom or group through the σ bond resulting in a separation of charge, or dipole.
Contributed by: Colin Swenson and Tewoderos Ayele (Undergraduates)
University of Utah, 2015
A sensor is a transducer whose purpose is to sense (that is, to detect) some characteristic of its environs. It detects events or changes in quantities and provides a corresponding output, generally as an electrical or optical signal; for example, a thermocouple converts temperature to an output voltage. But a mercury-in-glass thermometer is also a sensor; it converts the measured temperature into expansion and contraction of a liquid which can be read on a calibrated glass tube.
Sensors are used in everyday objects such as touch-sensitive elevator buttons (tactile sensor) and lamps which dim or brighten by touching the base, besides innumerable applications of which most people are never aware. With advances in micromachinery and easy-to-use microcontroller platforms, the uses of sensors have expanded beyond the more traditional fields of temperature, pressure or flow measurement. Moreover, analog sensors such as potentiometers and force-sensing resistors are still widely used. Applications include manufacturing and machinery, airplanes and aerospace, cars, medicine and robotics.
A sensor's sensitivity indicates how much the sensor's output changes when the input quantity being measured changes. Some sensors can also have an impact on what they measure; for instance, a room temperature thermometer inserted into a hot cup of liquid cools the liquid while the liquid heats the thermometer. Sensors need to be designed to have a small effect on what is measured; making the sensor smaller often improves this and may introduce other advantages. Technological progress allows more and more sensors to be manufactured on a microscopic scale as microsensors using MEMS technology. In most cases, a microsensor reaches a significantly higher speed and sensitivity compared with macroscopic approaches.
The sensitivity is then defined as the ratio between output signal and measured property. For example, if a sensor measures temperature and has a voltage output, the sensitivity is a constant with the unit [V/K]; this sensor is linear because the ratio is constant at all points of measurement. For an analog sensor signal to be processed, or used in digital equipment, it needs to be converted to a digital signal, using an analog-to-digital converter.
Proximity Sensor Detects An Object When The Object Approaches Within The Detection Range And Boundary Of The Sensor. Proximity Sensor Includes All The Sensor That Perform Non Contact Detection In Comparison To Sensors Such As Limit Switch, That Detect The Object By Physically Contacting Them. It is a sensor able to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact. A proximity sensor often emits an electromagnetic field or a beam of electromagnetic radiation (infrared, for instance), and looks for changes in the field or return signal. The object being sensed is often referred to as the proximity sensor's target. Different proximity sensor targets demand different sensors. For example, a capacitive or photoelectric sensor might be suitable for a plastic target; an inductive proximity sensor always requires a metal target. The maximum distance that this sensor can detect is defined "nominal range". Some sensors have adjustments of the nominal range or means to report a graduated detection distance. Proximity sensors can have a high reliability and long functional life because of the absence of mechanical parts and lack of physical contact between sensor and the sensed object. Proximity sensors are commonly used on smart phones to detect (and skip) accidental touch screen taps when held to the ear during a call.[1] They are also used in machine vibration monitoring to measure the variation in distance between a shaft and its support bearing. This is common in large steam turbines, compressors, and motors that use sleeve-type bearings. A change in the sensor's electric or magnetic field can also be used to determine proximity.
It is widely used sensor, available is huge range with respect to application and material. Hear i have discussed about its different types and its working.
Actual Cooling curve, Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Nucleation, Critical radius of nucleation
Reference: Material Science and Engineering, William Callister
Definition of solidification, Cooling Curves of metal and alloy, Nucleation and Crystal Growth.
Reference: Material Science and Engineering, William Callister
Development of Microstructure in eutectic Alloys and Practice problems on Binary Eutectic system
Reference: Material Science and Engineering, William Callister
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
#vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore#blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #blackmagicforlove #blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #Amilbabainuk #amilbabainspain #amilbabaindubai #Amilbabainnorway #amilbabainkrachi #amilbabainlahore #amilbabaingujranwalan #amilbabainislamabad
2. Proximity Sensors
• A proximity sensor is a sensor able to detect the presence of nearby objects without any
physical contact.
• A proximity sensor emits an electromagnetic field or a beam of electromagnetic radiation ,
and looks for changes in the field or return signal.
• The object being sensed is often referred to as the proximity sensor's target.
• Proximity sensors can have a high reliability and long functional life because of the absence
of mechanical parts and lack of physical contact between sensor and the sensed object.
3.
4. Inductive Proximity Sensor
• It is based on the principle “change of inductance due to the presence of metallic object.”
• Inductive sensors are solid state sensing devices which require no physical contact to
actuate them.
• The sensing range of an inductive switch is dependent on the type of metal being
detected.
• Common applications of inductive sensors include metal detectors, traffic lights, car
washes, and a host of automated industrial processes.
5. Working Principle
• It basically consists of a wound coil located next to a
permanent magnet packaged in a simple rugged housing.
• When the sensor is brought in close proximity to a metallic
material, there is a change in the position of flux lines
of magnet.
• The change in the flux lines induces a current pulse
whose amplitude and shape are proportional
to rate of change of flux.
• This is effective for fractions of a millimeter (mm).
10. Sensing Distance
Nominal Switching Distance (Sn): The characteristic
sensing distance without any deviations in temperature,
voltage or manufacturing process.
Actual Sensing Distance (Sr) : The actual sensing distance
is determined at rated line voltage and an ambient
temperature of 293K. Maximum permissible distance is
±10% of the nominal distance.
Useful Switching Distance (Su) : Useful sensing distance
within a predetermined voltage and temperature.
Maximum permissible sensing distance ±10% of actual
sensing distance.
Working Switching Distance (Sa) : The sensing distance
at which the sensor operates within permissible operating
conditions. Sa is between 0 and smallest useful sensing
distance Su.
11. Characteristics of Inductive Sensors
• Detects only conductive materials.
• Operating distance up to 50mm.
• Switching frequency up to 5kHz.
• Max. ambient temperature 200°C.
• High noise immunity.
12. Hall Effect Sensor
The magnetic field intensity (e.g. produced by either permanent or electromagnets mounted
on a object) determine the generated output voltage. They act on the principle of Lorentz
Force.
Hall Effect: When a object carrying current I is placed in a magnetic field B, then an electric
field E is induced in the object in direction perpendicular to both I and B.
13.
14. Working
When a beam of charged particles passes through a magnetic
field, forces act on the particles and the beam is deflected from a
straight path.
The flow of electrons through a conductor is known as a beam of
charged carriers.
When a conductor is placed in a magnetic field perpendicular to
the direction of the electrons, they will be deflected from a
straight path.
As a consequence, one plane of the conductor will become
negatively charged and the opposite side will become positively
charged.
The voltage between these planes is called Hall voltage.