Micro switches and proximity sensors are electromechanical devices used for industrial applications like robotics. Micro switches, also called limit switches, use mechanical actuation to determine the presence, absence, position or movement of an object. Proximity sensors non-contactly detect nearby objects using different sensing methods like inductive, capacitive, ultrasonic or optical techniques without physical contact. Common applications of these sensors include timing devices, cranes, medical equipment and toy robots.

1. MICRO SWITCHES &
PROXIMITY SENSORS

2. MICRO SWITCHES
• This switches are also known as limit switches
used for safety purposes.
• It determines the presence and absence,
positioning, passing, and travel of object.
• It is electromechanical device consists of
actuator mechanically linked to set of contacts.

3. CONSTRUCTION
• This switches are industrial controlled
components manufactured with various type of
operators.
 lever type.
 Roller type.
 Whisker type.
• It is operated mechanically by the motion of
the operating lever.

4. TYPES OF SWITCHES

5. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

6. APPLICATIONS
• Timing devices.
• Gantry cranes.
• Medical and dental.
• Manually operated devices.
• Toy robots.

7. APPLICATIONS

8. PROXIMITY SENSOR
• Proximity sensor in robot used to identify the
object or something near it.
• It mainly used to measure the distance between
the robot and object.
• Detect the presence of object with out any
physical contact.
• It have long functional life because absence of
mechanical parts.

9. TYPES
 Inductive sensor.
 Capacitive sensor.
 Ultrasonic sensor.
 Optical sensor.

10. INDUCTIVE PROXIMITY SENSOR
• Detects the presence of metallic objects.
• Operating principle is based on a coil and high
frequency oscillator ,creates a field in close
surroundings of sensing surfaces.
• When presence of metal, there is change in oscillation
amplitude. So the sensor
output is changed.

11. CAPACITIVE SENSOR
• Capacitive sensor is used to detect non-metallic
objects like (plastic ,wood and so on).
• It produce electrostatic field.

12. ULTRASONIC SENSOR
• Ultrasonic sensors use high frequency sound waves to
detect the object.
• It emits ultrasonic pulse and wait for echo based on
the distance is measured.
• Frequency of 40KHZ is common.

13. OPTICAL SENSOR
• The object is detected by the action of light beam
travelled.
• The light emitted by transmitter focus on the object
and reflects back, which is received by receiver.

14. THANK YOU