Rickettsiae are small, intracellular bacteria that can cause several types of infections in humans. They are transmitted through arthropod bites or exposure to infected body fluids or tissues. Rickettsial infections typically cause fever, headache, rash and potentially life-threatening complications if not treated with antibiotics such as tetracyclines or chloramphenicol. Common forms include Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus, Q fever and ehrlichiosis. Diagnosis involves serological tests to detect antibodies against specific Rickettsiae antigens.
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