The document discusses different types of orthomyxoviruses and paramyxoviruses. Orthomyxoviruses have segmented genomes, can undergo genetic reassortment, and show variable antigenic stability. Paramyxoviruses have single linear genomes, replicate in the cytoplasm, and are antigenically stable. Influenza A virus can cause pandemics and shows the highest antigenic variation compared to types B and C.

2.  ENVELOPED RNA
 ABILITY TO ABSORB ON MUCOPROTEIN ON RBC CAUSING
AGGLUTINATION OF RBC
 AFFECTS

3. ORTHOMYXOVIRUS
 SEGMENTED GRNOME (8
PIECES)
 SYNTHESIS NA IN NUCLEI
 GENETIC REASSORTMENT
OCCURS
 ANTIGENIC STABILITY
VARIABLE
PARAMYXOVIRUS
 SINGLE LINEAR
 SYNTHESIS NA IN CYTOPLASM
 NO GENETIC REASSORTMENT
 ANTIGENICALLY STABLE

5.  ENVELOPED RNA
 8 PIECES OF SINGLE STRANDED RNA

6. TYPE A
•CAUSES ALL
PANDEMIC &
MOST
EPIDEMICS
TYPE B TYPE C
•NOT
CIRCULATING
CURRENTLY
PANDEMICS ARE
CAUSED BY TYPE A

7.  Haemagglutinin
 Strain specific
 Ab against it is protective
 Responsible for hemagglutination &
hemodsorption
 Neuraminidase
 Strain specific
 Ab against it is not protective
 Destroys receptor & cause reversal of
haemagglutination  elution

8.  Envelope ag
 Host specific
 Membrane ag
 Type specific
 Ribonucleoprotein ag
 Rna ag

9.  TYPE A SHOWS HIGHEST ANTIGENIC VARIATION
 TYPE B SHOWS LESS ANTIGENIC VARIATION
 TYPE C SHOWS NO ANTIGNEIC VARIATION

11. Antigenic drift
 Gradual
 Point mutation owing to selection
pressure by immunity in host
population
 More frequently than sfift
Antigenic shift
 Sudden
 Genetic recombination
/reassortment/rearrangement
 Less common (every 10-15 yrs)
Antigenic shift occurs only in type A
and causes pandemics

14.  H1N1  SWINE FLU
 H5N1 BIRD FLU/ AVIAN FLU
 H7N9  EPIDEMIC OF AVIAN INFLUENZA IN CHINA 2013

15.  SHOWS CYCLICAL TREND
 FOR TYPE A AFTER 2-3 YRS
 FOR TYPE B AFTER 4-7 YRS
 AFFECTS ALL AGES & SEXES
 SORCE OF INFECTION  CLINICAL & SUBCLINICAL CASES
 MAJOR RESERVOIR IS ANIMALS OR BIRDS
 1P  18-72 HRS

16.  MOST CASES ARE SUBCLINICAL
 Clinical cases cough fever myalgia headache

17.  H1N1 pmd09
Pandemic
2009

18.  25 0r more epidemiologically linked suspect case of pandemic influenza
 At least one or more laboratory conformed cases pandemic influenza H1N1
 The cases are spread in 2 or more cities
 The cases are reported over a period of 2 weeks

19. •suspected case
,
within 7 days of close contact with
person who is a probable or
confirmed case of the new
influenza A (H1N1) virus infection
within 7 days of travel to a
community internationally
where there has been one or
more confirmed Pandemic
influenza A (H1N1) cases,
resides in a community
where there are one or
more
confirmed new influenza
cases

20. Probable case
individual with an
influenza test that is positive for
influenza A, but is
unsubtypable by reagents used to
detect seasonal
influenza virus infection
individual with a clinically
compatible illness or who
died of an unexplained acute
respiratory illness who is
considered to be
epidemiologically linked to a
probable
or confirmed case.

21. Confirmed case
laboratory
confirmed new influenza A (H1N1) virus infection by one
or more of the following:
• RT-PCR,
•viral culture
•four-fold rise in new influenza A(H1N1) virus-specific
neutralizing antibodies

23. IP 1-3 days

24.  H5N1 strain in hongkong in 1997
 H7N9 IN CHINA 2013
 DOC  OSELTAMIVIR

25.  LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINE  NASAL DROPS
 KILLED VACCINE USED MOST COMMONLY
 SPLIT VACCINE
 RECOMBINANT VACCINE
 NEURAMINIDASE VACCINE

26. Category A
• mild fever plus cough / sore
throat with or without body ache,
headache, diarrhoea and
vomiting
No testing needed
No Oseltamivir
-Symptomatic treatment
-Good supportive measures
• Good food intake
• PLENTY OF WARM
NOURISHING ORAL
FLUID
• Complete rest
Monitor progress
-Reassess , at 24 to 48 hours
-Self isolation at home, and telephone
follow up for the next 2-3 days
-Any suggestion of deterioration/
failure to improve?
- report in person stat

27. (Bi) Category-A + high grade fever
and severe sore throat
(Bii) Category- Any mild ILI in
• Pregnant women***
• Lung/ heart / liver/ kidney /
neurological disease, blood
disorders/ diabetes/ cancer /HIV-
AIDS
• On long term steroids
• Children -mild illness but with
predisposing risk factors
• Age 65 years+
ILI -Cat-B- No testing for
Category - B (i) and (ii)
(B1) home isolation
Oseltamivir to be
started immediately
(B2) -Start Oseltamivir immediately
-Self isolation at home, and
telephone follow up for the next 2-3
days
-Any suggestion of deterioration/
failure to improve?
- report in person stat.

28. • Breathlessness, chest pain,
drowsiness, fall in blood
pressure, haemoptysis, cyanosis
• Children with red flag signs
• (Somnolence, high/persistent
fever, inability to feed well,
convulsions, dyspnoea
/respiratory distress, etc).
• Worsening of underlying
chronic conditions
Test may be needed**, but
do not wait for test results
* (Testing now needs to be
done only for
epidemiological purposes,
eg.- unusual in
presentation, area of
residence, failure to
respond even after 5 days
extension of Oseltamivir
therapy, institutional
spread, etc)
• Hospitalization
stat
• Start Oseltamivir
immediately,
without waiting
for test results
• Intensive
supportive
management is
usually necessary.

31.  Abnormal Replicative Cycles –
 A proportion of daughter virions that are produced may not be infective.
 This is due to defective assembly. Such ‘incomplete viruses’ are seen in large
proportions when cells are infected with a high dose of the influenza virus. The
virus yield will have a high hemagglutinin titre but low infectivity.
 This is known as the Von Magnus Phenomenon.

33.  Paramyxovirus with no hemagglutinin property or neuraminidase activity
 Most common cause of bronchiolitis & pneumonia in children
 Diagnosis
 Isolation of RSV from respiratory secretion on human cell culture such as HeLa & Hep2

34.  G protein  help in attachement to cell
surface
 F proein  help in fusion of virus to host
cell
  also cause cell to cell fusion & syncytial
formation

35.  Influenza virus type D
 Sendai virus
 4 types  type 1 type 4
 Most common cause of croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)especially type 1

36.  Zoonotic paramyxovirus
 Fruit bats
 Encephalitis