This document discusses investigating the effect of outage lines on the 132kV transmission network in Karbalaa, Iraq. It presents two cases studied using a simulation program to analyze the impact of line outages. The document introduces the network and provides data on buses, lines, and power flows. It then describes the DC power flow algorithm used in the analysis and calculation of sensitivity factors like generation shift factors and line outage distribution factors to evaluate how outages may increase power flows over limits on other lines. The results and discussion section presents the network data and baseline power flows before analyzing the two outage cases and identifying overloaded lines.
CONTROL OF BATTERY OPERATED SYSTEM WITH A DC-DC BOOSTCONVERTER FED DSTATCOM U...ijiert bestjournal
This paper presents a comprehensive survey of DSTATCOM control strategies put forward recently. It is
aimed at providing a broad perspective on the status of DSTATCOM control methods to researchers and
application engineers dealing with harmonic suppression issues. Many control techniques have been
designed, developed, and realized for active filters in recent years. The proposed DSTATCOM consists of a
three-leg Voltage Source Converter (VSC) with a dc bus capacitor. The PV array or battery operated boost
converter is proposed to maintain the dc link voltage of the dc bus capacitor for continuous compensation
for the load. This paper presents to evaluate the performance comparison of two control strategies for
extracting the reference currents to control the proposed DSTATCOM. The two control methods are
Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) theory and IcosΦ algorithm. The performance of the DSTATCOM is
validated using MATLAB software with its simulink and Power System Block set (PSB) toolboxes. The
simulation results for the two control methods are compared to validate the superior performance of the
IcosΦ algorithm.
This document discusses four types of modifications that can be made to an existing power network to revise the Z-bus representation. Type 1 involves adding a branch impedance between a new bus and the reference bus. Type 2 adds a branch between a new bus and an existing bus. Type 3 adds a branch between an existing bus and the reference bus. Type 4 adds a branch between two existing buses. The document presents figures to illustrate each type and provides the corresponding equations to update the Z-bus matrix for the network.
This document describes using the Gauss-Seidel method to solve non-linear load flow equations in MATLAB. The objective is to develop a program that models power flow through a system using an iterative Gauss-Seidel algorithm. It provides the theory behind load flow analysis and outlines the Gauss-Seidel method. The problem statement gives sample system data and instructions to find the voltages and angles at three buses after the first iteration.
International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES)irjes
The core of the vision IRJES is to disseminate new knowledge and technology for the benefit of all, ranging from academic research and professional communities to industry professionals in a range of topics in computer science and engineering. It also provides a place for high-caliber researchers, practitioners and PhD students to present ongoing research and development in these areas.
An Optimal Power Flow (OPF) Method withImproved Voltage Stability AnalysisNiraj Solanki
This document discusses an optimal power flow method with improved voltage stability analysis. It introduces voltage stability and instability concepts. It then describes a voltage stability indicator L derived from fundamental circuit laws that can predict proximity to voltage collapse. The document outlines the formulation of an optimal power flow problem to minimize generation costs and indicator L. It applies this method to the 9-bus WSCC test system in MATLAB and concludes the indicator can accurately predict voltage stability problems and vulnerable locations.
Load Flow Analysis of Jamshoro Thermal Power Station (JTPS) Pakistan Using MA...sunny katyara
This article summarizes a study analyzing the load flow of Jamshoro Thermal Power Station (JTPS) in Pakistan using MATLAB programming. The study models the power plant and transmission network in MATLAB to calculate active and reactive power flows, line losses, voltage profiles and angles at different buses. This provides information for efficient scheduling and future planning of the power system. MATLAB code was developed using the Gauss-Siedel iterative method to solve the load flow equations. The results provide voltage magnitudes and angles at each bus and active/reactive power flows on each transmission line. This analysis can help optimize the economic operation and future expansion of the JTPS power system.
The transmission overhead line is one of the vital elements in the power system for transmitting the electrical energy. In the transmission, the disturbances are often occurred. In the conventional algorithm, alpha and beta (mode) currents generated by Clarke’s transformation are utilized to convert the signal of Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) to obtain the Wavelet Transform Coefficient (WTC) and the Wavelet Coefficient Energy (WCE). This study introduces a new algorithm, called Modified Clarke for fault detection and classification using DWT and Back-Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) based on Clarke’s transformation on transmission overhead line by adding gamma current in the system. Daubechies4 (Db4) is used as a mother wavelet to decompose the high frequency components of the signal error. Simulation is performed using PSCAD / EMTDC transmission system modeling and carried out at different locations along the transmission line with different types of fault, fault resistances, fault locations and fault of the initial angle on a given power system model. The simulated fault types are in the study are the Single Line to Ground, the Line To Line, the Double Line to Ground and the Three Phases. There are four statistic methods utilized in the present study to determine the accuracy of detection and classification of faults. The result shows that the best and the worst structures of BPNN occurred on the configuration of 12-24-48-4 and 12-12-6-4, respectively. For instance, the error using Mean Square Error Method. The Error Of Clarke’s, Without Clarke’s and Modified Clarke’s are 0.05862, 0.05513 and 0.03721 which are the best, respectively, whereas, the worst are 0.06387, 0.0753 and 0.052, respectively. This indicates that the Modified Clarke’s result is in the lowest error. The method is successfully implement can be utilized in the detection and classification of fault in transmission line by utilities and power regulation in power system planning and operation.
The document discusses power flow analysis, which determines voltages, currents, real power, and reactive power in a power system under steady-state load conditions. It describes the different types of buses in a power system and how they are modeled. The key component of power flow is the bus admittance matrix, which relates nodal voltages to branch currents based on Kirchhoff's current law. Solving the matrix equations provides the voltage magnitude and angle at each bus.
CONTROL OF BATTERY OPERATED SYSTEM WITH A DC-DC BOOSTCONVERTER FED DSTATCOM U...ijiert bestjournal
This paper presents a comprehensive survey of DSTATCOM control strategies put forward recently. It is
aimed at providing a broad perspective on the status of DSTATCOM control methods to researchers and
application engineers dealing with harmonic suppression issues. Many control techniques have been
designed, developed, and realized for active filters in recent years. The proposed DSTATCOM consists of a
three-leg Voltage Source Converter (VSC) with a dc bus capacitor. The PV array or battery operated boost
converter is proposed to maintain the dc link voltage of the dc bus capacitor for continuous compensation
for the load. This paper presents to evaluate the performance comparison of two control strategies for
extracting the reference currents to control the proposed DSTATCOM. The two control methods are
Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) theory and IcosΦ algorithm. The performance of the DSTATCOM is
validated using MATLAB software with its simulink and Power System Block set (PSB) toolboxes. The
simulation results for the two control methods are compared to validate the superior performance of the
IcosΦ algorithm.
This document discusses four types of modifications that can be made to an existing power network to revise the Z-bus representation. Type 1 involves adding a branch impedance between a new bus and the reference bus. Type 2 adds a branch between a new bus and an existing bus. Type 3 adds a branch between an existing bus and the reference bus. Type 4 adds a branch between two existing buses. The document presents figures to illustrate each type and provides the corresponding equations to update the Z-bus matrix for the network.
This document describes using the Gauss-Seidel method to solve non-linear load flow equations in MATLAB. The objective is to develop a program that models power flow through a system using an iterative Gauss-Seidel algorithm. It provides the theory behind load flow analysis and outlines the Gauss-Seidel method. The problem statement gives sample system data and instructions to find the voltages and angles at three buses after the first iteration.
International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES)irjes
The core of the vision IRJES is to disseminate new knowledge and technology for the benefit of all, ranging from academic research and professional communities to industry professionals in a range of topics in computer science and engineering. It also provides a place for high-caliber researchers, practitioners and PhD students to present ongoing research and development in these areas.
An Optimal Power Flow (OPF) Method withImproved Voltage Stability AnalysisNiraj Solanki
This document discusses an optimal power flow method with improved voltage stability analysis. It introduces voltage stability and instability concepts. It then describes a voltage stability indicator L derived from fundamental circuit laws that can predict proximity to voltage collapse. The document outlines the formulation of an optimal power flow problem to minimize generation costs and indicator L. It applies this method to the 9-bus WSCC test system in MATLAB and concludes the indicator can accurately predict voltage stability problems and vulnerable locations.
Load Flow Analysis of Jamshoro Thermal Power Station (JTPS) Pakistan Using MA...sunny katyara
This article summarizes a study analyzing the load flow of Jamshoro Thermal Power Station (JTPS) in Pakistan using MATLAB programming. The study models the power plant and transmission network in MATLAB to calculate active and reactive power flows, line losses, voltage profiles and angles at different buses. This provides information for efficient scheduling and future planning of the power system. MATLAB code was developed using the Gauss-Siedel iterative method to solve the load flow equations. The results provide voltage magnitudes and angles at each bus and active/reactive power flows on each transmission line. This analysis can help optimize the economic operation and future expansion of the JTPS power system.
The transmission overhead line is one of the vital elements in the power system for transmitting the electrical energy. In the transmission, the disturbances are often occurred. In the conventional algorithm, alpha and beta (mode) currents generated by Clarke’s transformation are utilized to convert the signal of Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) to obtain the Wavelet Transform Coefficient (WTC) and the Wavelet Coefficient Energy (WCE). This study introduces a new algorithm, called Modified Clarke for fault detection and classification using DWT and Back-Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) based on Clarke’s transformation on transmission overhead line by adding gamma current in the system. Daubechies4 (Db4) is used as a mother wavelet to decompose the high frequency components of the signal error. Simulation is performed using PSCAD / EMTDC transmission system modeling and carried out at different locations along the transmission line with different types of fault, fault resistances, fault locations and fault of the initial angle on a given power system model. The simulated fault types are in the study are the Single Line to Ground, the Line To Line, the Double Line to Ground and the Three Phases. There are four statistic methods utilized in the present study to determine the accuracy of detection and classification of faults. The result shows that the best and the worst structures of BPNN occurred on the configuration of 12-24-48-4 and 12-12-6-4, respectively. For instance, the error using Mean Square Error Method. The Error Of Clarke’s, Without Clarke’s and Modified Clarke’s are 0.05862, 0.05513 and 0.03721 which are the best, respectively, whereas, the worst are 0.06387, 0.0753 and 0.052, respectively. This indicates that the Modified Clarke’s result is in the lowest error. The method is successfully implement can be utilized in the detection and classification of fault in transmission line by utilities and power regulation in power system planning and operation.
The document discusses power flow analysis, which determines voltages, currents, real power, and reactive power in a power system under steady-state load conditions. It describes the different types of buses in a power system and how they are modeled. The key component of power flow is the bus admittance matrix, which relates nodal voltages to branch currents based on Kirchhoff's current law. Solving the matrix equations provides the voltage magnitude and angle at each bus.
Power System Simulation Lab (Formation of Y-Bus & Z-Bus Matrix)Mathankumar S
This document provides information and instructions for an experiment on power system simulation involving the formation of bus admittance and impedance matrices. It includes:
- The objective to understand the formation of network matrices and solve sample networks.
- Data for a 3-bus, 3-line power system including line parameters, transformer data if present, and shunt element information.
- Instructions for students to input the data, run simulations in power system software to form the bus admittance matrix, and output the results.
POWER SYSTEM SIMULATION LAB-1 MANUAL (ELECTRICAL - POWER SYSTEM ENGINEERING )Mathankumar S
This document discusses the computation of parameters for single and double circuit transmission lines. It provides the theoretical background on line parameters such as resistance, inductance, capacitance. Formulas are given for calculating inductance and capacitance based on the geometric mean distance and radius for different conductor arrangements including single circuit, three phase symmetrical, asymmetrical transposed lines and double circuit transposed lines. Sample exercises are given to calculate the inductance and capacitance of given transmission line configurations and verify the results using software.
This document provides an overview of power system analysis and components. It discusses:
1. The key components of a power system including generation, transmission, distribution, and utilization.
2. The advantages of an interconnected power system such as increased reliability and reduced reserve capacity requirements.
3. Common symbols used to represent power system components like generators, transformers, and transmission lines.
4. Concepts involved in power system analysis including per unit systems, impedance and reactance diagrams, and bus admittance matrices.
1) The document describes a synchronous reference frame (DQ) based current control scheme for a four-leg voltage source inverter active power filter to compensate for current harmonics and unbalances from nonlinear loads.
2) The four-leg inverter topology allows compensation of single-phase nonlinear loads that cause unbalanced currents.
3) Simulation results demonstrate the compensation performance of the proposed active power filter and control scheme under steady-state and transient conditions.
The document discusses load flow analysis using the Newton-Raphson method. It provides background on load flow analysis and its importance. It describes classifying buses, constructing the bus admittance matrix, and developing the power flow equations. The Newton-Raphson method is presented as the preferred technique due to its powerful convergence, low computing time, and flexibility. Key steps include initializing bus voltages, calculating mismatches, and iterating to reduce mismatches.
Power System Simulation Laboratory Manual Santhosh Kumar
This document outlines experiments related to power system simulation laboratory. It includes 10 experiments covering topics like computation of transmission line parameters, modeling of transmission lines, formation of bus admittance and impedance matrices, load flow analysis using different methods, fault analysis, stability analysis of single machine and multimachine systems, electromagnetic transients, load-frequency dynamics, and economic dispatch. The document provides theoretical background and procedures for conducting each experiment using MATLAB software. Sample problems are also included for some experiments to demonstrate the modeling and simulation of different power system components and analysis.
Online Voltage Stability Analysis using Synchrophasor Technologyijsrd.com
Voltage instability has been a major problem in all the emerging power systems across the world. Several instances of blackouts in North America, including the 1996 Western Interconnection and the 2003 North East US /Canada blackout are primarily due to voltage collapse. So Monitoring and maintaining voltage stability in real-time is extremely important for operating a power system reliably. In this paper Synchrophasor technology is introduced. Synchrophasor technology has the capability to monitor voltage stability over a wide area in real time. In this paper different methods are introduced for finding the voltage collapse point in the system and also one new method given for identification of voltage collapse point.
Three Phase AC to DC Boost Converter Using D-Q TheoryIRJET Journal
This paper presents a three-phase AC to DC boost bidirectional converter using D-Q theory based current control. The converter provides a constant DC output voltage from a three-phase AC input using closed-loop control. It achieves a boosted DC output voltage with unity power factor and harmonic-free source currents. The converter topology and control scheme are simulated in MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation results demonstrate unity power factor operation and sinusoidal source currents with low total harmonic distortion of less than 2%. The converter provides a regulated DC output voltage while drawing clean input currents from the three-phase AC source.
The document presents a simple algorithm for distribution system load flow analysis that can accommodate distributed generation. It begins by outlining the objectives, motivation and special features of distribution networks that require modified load flow analysis. It then describes the proposed forward-backward sweep method and models for loads and distributed generation. The algorithm is tested on three test systems and results show reductions in losses and improved voltage profiles with distributed generation integrated using the proposed method and models.
Power Quality Improvement by SRF Based Control using D-STATCOMIRJET Journal
1) The document discusses using a D-STATCOM with synchronous reference frame (SRF) control strategy to improve power quality issues like poor voltage regulation, reactive power burden, and harmonics.
2) The SRF control strategy transforms load current signals into a rotating d-q frame for control purposes. It uses a phase-locked loop and proportional-integral controllers to generate gate pulses that control the D-STATCOM.
3) MATLAB simulations show the SRF control strategy effectively eliminates harmonics and reactive power compensation for both linear and non-linear loads, maintaining unity power factor and reducing harmonic content in source currents.
1 ijaems oct-2015-3-design and development of novel matrix converter performanceINFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Matrix converter is a direct AC-AC converter topology that directly converts energy from an AC source to an AC load without the need of a bulky and limited lifetime energy storage element. Due to the significant advantages offered by matrix converter, such as adjustable power factor, capability of regeneration and high quality sinusoidal input/output waveforms. Matrix converter has been one of the AC–AC topologies that hasreceived extensive research attention for being an alternative to replace traditional AC-DC-AC converters in the variable voltage and variable frequency AC drive applications. In the present paper an indirect space vector modulated matrix converter is proposed. The basic idea of an indirect modulation scheme is to separately apply SVM to the rectification and inversion stages, before combining their switching states to produce the final gating signals. The paper encompasses development of a laboratory prototype of 230V, 250VA three phase to three phase DSP controlled matrix converter fed induction motor drive. The observations and real time testings have been carried out to evaluate and improve the stability of system under various typical abnormal input voltage conditions
IRJET- A Review on Three-Phase to Seven-Phase Power Converter using TransformerIRJET Journal
This document proposes and discusses a technique to generate a seven-phase power supply from a standard three-phase supply using a special transformer connection scheme. The transformer has three iron cores each with one primary and multiple secondary coils. By connecting the secondary coils in a specific configuration based on turn ratios, a seven-phase star output is obtained where each phase is 51.43 degrees out of phase. This technique allows generation of a pure sinusoidal seven-phase voltage that can be used for multiphase motor testing or in seven-phase power transmission and rectifier systems. Mathematical analysis is provided to derive the turn ratios needed to produce the seven evenly spaced phases from the three input phases.
This paper presents an analytical comparison between two-level inverter and three-level neutral point diode clamped inverters for electric vehicle traction purposes. The main objective of the research is to declare the main differences in the performance of the two inverter schemes in terms of the switching and conduction losses over an entire domain of the modulation index and the phase angle distribution, steady-state operation, transient operation at a wide range of speed variation, and the total harmonic distortion THD% of the line voltage output waveform. It also declares the analysis of the three-level neutral point diode clamped inverter (NPCI) obstacle and the unbalance of the DC-link capacitor voltages. The introduced scheme presents an Induction Motor (IM) drive for electric vehicle (EV) applications. Considering the dynamic operation of the EV, the speed of the three-phase induction motor is controlled using a scalar V/Hz control for the full range of the IM power factor (PF). A comprehensive MATLAB/Simulink model for the proposed scheme is established.
Power System Analysis was a core subject for Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Based On Anna University Syllabus. The Whole Subject was there in this document.
Share with it ur friends & Follow me for more updates.!
This document contains a practical work book for a power system analysis course. It includes 10 experiments on topics like analysis of three phase star and delta connected systems under balanced and unbalanced loads, demonstration of the single phase equivalent of a three phase star connected network, simulation of three phase short circuits using MATLAB, selection of circuit breakers for three phase faults, and analysis of transients in power systems. The experiments are designed to help students learn and apply concepts related to power system modeling, analysis, and protection.
Power Flow Analysis for Four Buses System by NR Methodijtsrd
Power flow studies provide a systematic mathematical approach for determination of various bus voltages, there phase angle, active and reactive power flows through different branches, generators and loads under steady state condition. In this paper, the purpose of power flow analysis is to determine four bus system power flows. Case studies have been performed on Lawpita Taungoo Kamarnat Hlawga 230kV Line Myanmar . This paper presents a reliable method to meet the requirements by developing a Newton Raphson based load flow calculation program through which control setting of Shunt Compensator can be determined directly. This program computes the voltage magnitude and angle at each bus in a power system under balanced steady state conditions. Real and reactive power flows for all buses, as well as line flow and line losses, are also computed. And then the compensation of shunt capacitor is proposed for load flow analysis and also for overall loss minimization and improvement in system voltage profile. Wint Yu Yu Zaw ""Power Flow Analysis for Four Buses System by NR Method"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23472.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/23472/power-flow-analysis-for-four-buses-system-by-nr-method/wint-yu-yu-zaw
Implementation of Instantaneous Reactive Power Theory for Current Harmonic Re...IOSR Journals
This document discusses implementing the instantaneous reactive power theory (IRP theory) for current harmonic reduction and reactive power compensation in a three phase four wire power system. The IRP theory defines instantaneous power components in the α-β-0 coordinate system. It can calculate the reference compensating currents required by a shunt active power filter to inject into the network. Simulations show the power filter can reduce current harmonics and reactive power, improving the power factor by making the source current sinusoidal and in phase with the voltage. The IRP theory provides a flexible way to select the undesirable power components for compensation to minimize pollution from nonlinear loads.
IRJET- Three-Phase to Seven-Phase Power Converter using PI Controller and Tra...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a technique to generate a seven-phase power supply from a standard three-phase supply using a special transformer connection. The transformer has three cores, with one primary winding and multiple secondary windings on each core. By connecting the secondary windings with different turn ratios, seven phases can be produced with the required 51.43 degree phase shift between each phase. A PI controller is also used to reduce noise and errors in the converted signal. The proposed transformer connection could enable applications like seven-phase power transmission systems, rectifiers, and electric motor testing by providing a pure sinusoidal seven-phase supply.
IRJET- Review Paper on SVPWM Technique based D-STATCOM to Improve Power Q...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the use of a D-STATCOM (Distribution Static Compensator) with SVPWM (Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation) control technique to improve power quality in a distribution system by mitigating voltage sags, swells, and harmonics. It provides background on D-STATCOMs, SVPWM control, and literature reviewing similar applications of D-STATCOMs with SVPWM and LCL filters to regulate voltage and improve power quality. The document aims to model and simulate a D-STATCOM using MATLAB/Simulink software to demonstrate improving power quality in a distribution system.
Influencing Factors on Power Losses in Electric Distribution NetworkIJAEMSJORNAL
Line losses reduction greatly affects the performance of the electric distribution network. This paper aims to identify the influencing factors causing power losses in that network. Newton-Raphson method is used for the loss assessment and the Sensitivity analysis by approach One-Factor-At-A-Time (OAT) for the influencing factors identification. Simulation with the meshed IEEE-30 bus test system is carried out under MATLAB environment. Among the 14 parameters investigated of each line, the result shows that the consumed reactive powers by loads, the bus voltages and the linear parameters are the most influencing on the power losses in several lines. Thus, in order to optimize these losses, the solution consists of the reactive power compensation by using capacitor banks; then the placement of appropriate components in the network according to the corresponding loads; and finally, the injection of other energy sources into the bus which recorded high level losses by using the hybrid system for instance.
Impact of Electric Vehicle Integration on Gridvivatechijri
Load flow analysis is most essential and important approach to investigate problems in power system. It can provide balance steady state operation of power system without considering transients in it. This project presents a new and efficient method for solving the Load flow problem of a distribution network. By using Backward/Forward sweep method parameters like voltage profile, total power losses, load on each bus of the Distribution Network will be known. By using Load Flow load balancing of the Distribution system can be achieved. For load balancing we will use the power stored in the Electric vehicle. As Electric vehicle has large battery pack for storage. The impact of Electric Vehicle and load flow of distribution network is computer programed to implement the power flow solution scheme in MATLAB software.
Power System Simulation Lab (Formation of Y-Bus & Z-Bus Matrix)Mathankumar S
This document provides information and instructions for an experiment on power system simulation involving the formation of bus admittance and impedance matrices. It includes:
- The objective to understand the formation of network matrices and solve sample networks.
- Data for a 3-bus, 3-line power system including line parameters, transformer data if present, and shunt element information.
- Instructions for students to input the data, run simulations in power system software to form the bus admittance matrix, and output the results.
POWER SYSTEM SIMULATION LAB-1 MANUAL (ELECTRICAL - POWER SYSTEM ENGINEERING )Mathankumar S
This document discusses the computation of parameters for single and double circuit transmission lines. It provides the theoretical background on line parameters such as resistance, inductance, capacitance. Formulas are given for calculating inductance and capacitance based on the geometric mean distance and radius for different conductor arrangements including single circuit, three phase symmetrical, asymmetrical transposed lines and double circuit transposed lines. Sample exercises are given to calculate the inductance and capacitance of given transmission line configurations and verify the results using software.
This document provides an overview of power system analysis and components. It discusses:
1. The key components of a power system including generation, transmission, distribution, and utilization.
2. The advantages of an interconnected power system such as increased reliability and reduced reserve capacity requirements.
3. Common symbols used to represent power system components like generators, transformers, and transmission lines.
4. Concepts involved in power system analysis including per unit systems, impedance and reactance diagrams, and bus admittance matrices.
1) The document describes a synchronous reference frame (DQ) based current control scheme for a four-leg voltage source inverter active power filter to compensate for current harmonics and unbalances from nonlinear loads.
2) The four-leg inverter topology allows compensation of single-phase nonlinear loads that cause unbalanced currents.
3) Simulation results demonstrate the compensation performance of the proposed active power filter and control scheme under steady-state and transient conditions.
The document discusses load flow analysis using the Newton-Raphson method. It provides background on load flow analysis and its importance. It describes classifying buses, constructing the bus admittance matrix, and developing the power flow equations. The Newton-Raphson method is presented as the preferred technique due to its powerful convergence, low computing time, and flexibility. Key steps include initializing bus voltages, calculating mismatches, and iterating to reduce mismatches.
Power System Simulation Laboratory Manual Santhosh Kumar
This document outlines experiments related to power system simulation laboratory. It includes 10 experiments covering topics like computation of transmission line parameters, modeling of transmission lines, formation of bus admittance and impedance matrices, load flow analysis using different methods, fault analysis, stability analysis of single machine and multimachine systems, electromagnetic transients, load-frequency dynamics, and economic dispatch. The document provides theoretical background and procedures for conducting each experiment using MATLAB software. Sample problems are also included for some experiments to demonstrate the modeling and simulation of different power system components and analysis.
Online Voltage Stability Analysis using Synchrophasor Technologyijsrd.com
Voltage instability has been a major problem in all the emerging power systems across the world. Several instances of blackouts in North America, including the 1996 Western Interconnection and the 2003 North East US /Canada blackout are primarily due to voltage collapse. So Monitoring and maintaining voltage stability in real-time is extremely important for operating a power system reliably. In this paper Synchrophasor technology is introduced. Synchrophasor technology has the capability to monitor voltage stability over a wide area in real time. In this paper different methods are introduced for finding the voltage collapse point in the system and also one new method given for identification of voltage collapse point.
Three Phase AC to DC Boost Converter Using D-Q TheoryIRJET Journal
This paper presents a three-phase AC to DC boost bidirectional converter using D-Q theory based current control. The converter provides a constant DC output voltage from a three-phase AC input using closed-loop control. It achieves a boosted DC output voltage with unity power factor and harmonic-free source currents. The converter topology and control scheme are simulated in MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation results demonstrate unity power factor operation and sinusoidal source currents with low total harmonic distortion of less than 2%. The converter provides a regulated DC output voltage while drawing clean input currents from the three-phase AC source.
The document presents a simple algorithm for distribution system load flow analysis that can accommodate distributed generation. It begins by outlining the objectives, motivation and special features of distribution networks that require modified load flow analysis. It then describes the proposed forward-backward sweep method and models for loads and distributed generation. The algorithm is tested on three test systems and results show reductions in losses and improved voltage profiles with distributed generation integrated using the proposed method and models.
Power Quality Improvement by SRF Based Control using D-STATCOMIRJET Journal
1) The document discusses using a D-STATCOM with synchronous reference frame (SRF) control strategy to improve power quality issues like poor voltage regulation, reactive power burden, and harmonics.
2) The SRF control strategy transforms load current signals into a rotating d-q frame for control purposes. It uses a phase-locked loop and proportional-integral controllers to generate gate pulses that control the D-STATCOM.
3) MATLAB simulations show the SRF control strategy effectively eliminates harmonics and reactive power compensation for both linear and non-linear loads, maintaining unity power factor and reducing harmonic content in source currents.
1 ijaems oct-2015-3-design and development of novel matrix converter performanceINFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Matrix converter is a direct AC-AC converter topology that directly converts energy from an AC source to an AC load without the need of a bulky and limited lifetime energy storage element. Due to the significant advantages offered by matrix converter, such as adjustable power factor, capability of regeneration and high quality sinusoidal input/output waveforms. Matrix converter has been one of the AC–AC topologies that hasreceived extensive research attention for being an alternative to replace traditional AC-DC-AC converters in the variable voltage and variable frequency AC drive applications. In the present paper an indirect space vector modulated matrix converter is proposed. The basic idea of an indirect modulation scheme is to separately apply SVM to the rectification and inversion stages, before combining their switching states to produce the final gating signals. The paper encompasses development of a laboratory prototype of 230V, 250VA three phase to three phase DSP controlled matrix converter fed induction motor drive. The observations and real time testings have been carried out to evaluate and improve the stability of system under various typical abnormal input voltage conditions
IRJET- A Review on Three-Phase to Seven-Phase Power Converter using TransformerIRJET Journal
This document proposes and discusses a technique to generate a seven-phase power supply from a standard three-phase supply using a special transformer connection scheme. The transformer has three iron cores each with one primary and multiple secondary coils. By connecting the secondary coils in a specific configuration based on turn ratios, a seven-phase star output is obtained where each phase is 51.43 degrees out of phase. This technique allows generation of a pure sinusoidal seven-phase voltage that can be used for multiphase motor testing or in seven-phase power transmission and rectifier systems. Mathematical analysis is provided to derive the turn ratios needed to produce the seven evenly spaced phases from the three input phases.
This paper presents an analytical comparison between two-level inverter and three-level neutral point diode clamped inverters for electric vehicle traction purposes. The main objective of the research is to declare the main differences in the performance of the two inverter schemes in terms of the switching and conduction losses over an entire domain of the modulation index and the phase angle distribution, steady-state operation, transient operation at a wide range of speed variation, and the total harmonic distortion THD% of the line voltage output waveform. It also declares the analysis of the three-level neutral point diode clamped inverter (NPCI) obstacle and the unbalance of the DC-link capacitor voltages. The introduced scheme presents an Induction Motor (IM) drive for electric vehicle (EV) applications. Considering the dynamic operation of the EV, the speed of the three-phase induction motor is controlled using a scalar V/Hz control for the full range of the IM power factor (PF). A comprehensive MATLAB/Simulink model for the proposed scheme is established.
Power System Analysis was a core subject for Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Based On Anna University Syllabus. The Whole Subject was there in this document.
Share with it ur friends & Follow me for more updates.!
This document contains a practical work book for a power system analysis course. It includes 10 experiments on topics like analysis of three phase star and delta connected systems under balanced and unbalanced loads, demonstration of the single phase equivalent of a three phase star connected network, simulation of three phase short circuits using MATLAB, selection of circuit breakers for three phase faults, and analysis of transients in power systems. The experiments are designed to help students learn and apply concepts related to power system modeling, analysis, and protection.
Power Flow Analysis for Four Buses System by NR Methodijtsrd
Power flow studies provide a systematic mathematical approach for determination of various bus voltages, there phase angle, active and reactive power flows through different branches, generators and loads under steady state condition. In this paper, the purpose of power flow analysis is to determine four bus system power flows. Case studies have been performed on Lawpita Taungoo Kamarnat Hlawga 230kV Line Myanmar . This paper presents a reliable method to meet the requirements by developing a Newton Raphson based load flow calculation program through which control setting of Shunt Compensator can be determined directly. This program computes the voltage magnitude and angle at each bus in a power system under balanced steady state conditions. Real and reactive power flows for all buses, as well as line flow and line losses, are also computed. And then the compensation of shunt capacitor is proposed for load flow analysis and also for overall loss minimization and improvement in system voltage profile. Wint Yu Yu Zaw ""Power Flow Analysis for Four Buses System by NR Method"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23472.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/23472/power-flow-analysis-for-four-buses-system-by-nr-method/wint-yu-yu-zaw
Implementation of Instantaneous Reactive Power Theory for Current Harmonic Re...IOSR Journals
This document discusses implementing the instantaneous reactive power theory (IRP theory) for current harmonic reduction and reactive power compensation in a three phase four wire power system. The IRP theory defines instantaneous power components in the α-β-0 coordinate system. It can calculate the reference compensating currents required by a shunt active power filter to inject into the network. Simulations show the power filter can reduce current harmonics and reactive power, improving the power factor by making the source current sinusoidal and in phase with the voltage. The IRP theory provides a flexible way to select the undesirable power components for compensation to minimize pollution from nonlinear loads.
IRJET- Three-Phase to Seven-Phase Power Converter using PI Controller and Tra...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a technique to generate a seven-phase power supply from a standard three-phase supply using a special transformer connection. The transformer has three cores, with one primary winding and multiple secondary windings on each core. By connecting the secondary windings with different turn ratios, seven phases can be produced with the required 51.43 degree phase shift between each phase. A PI controller is also used to reduce noise and errors in the converted signal. The proposed transformer connection could enable applications like seven-phase power transmission systems, rectifiers, and electric motor testing by providing a pure sinusoidal seven-phase supply.
IRJET- Review Paper on SVPWM Technique based D-STATCOM to Improve Power Q...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the use of a D-STATCOM (Distribution Static Compensator) with SVPWM (Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation) control technique to improve power quality in a distribution system by mitigating voltage sags, swells, and harmonics. It provides background on D-STATCOMs, SVPWM control, and literature reviewing similar applications of D-STATCOMs with SVPWM and LCL filters to regulate voltage and improve power quality. The document aims to model and simulate a D-STATCOM using MATLAB/Simulink software to demonstrate improving power quality in a distribution system.
Influencing Factors on Power Losses in Electric Distribution NetworkIJAEMSJORNAL
Line losses reduction greatly affects the performance of the electric distribution network. This paper aims to identify the influencing factors causing power losses in that network. Newton-Raphson method is used for the loss assessment and the Sensitivity analysis by approach One-Factor-At-A-Time (OAT) for the influencing factors identification. Simulation with the meshed IEEE-30 bus test system is carried out under MATLAB environment. Among the 14 parameters investigated of each line, the result shows that the consumed reactive powers by loads, the bus voltages and the linear parameters are the most influencing on the power losses in several lines. Thus, in order to optimize these losses, the solution consists of the reactive power compensation by using capacitor banks; then the placement of appropriate components in the network according to the corresponding loads; and finally, the injection of other energy sources into the bus which recorded high level losses by using the hybrid system for instance.
Impact of Electric Vehicle Integration on Gridvivatechijri
Load flow analysis is most essential and important approach to investigate problems in power system. It can provide balance steady state operation of power system without considering transients in it. This project presents a new and efficient method for solving the Load flow problem of a distribution network. By using Backward/Forward sweep method parameters like voltage profile, total power losses, load on each bus of the Distribution Network will be known. By using Load Flow load balancing of the Distribution system can be achieved. For load balancing we will use the power stored in the Electric vehicle. As Electric vehicle has large battery pack for storage. The impact of Electric Vehicle and load flow of distribution network is computer programed to implement the power flow solution scheme in MATLAB software.
Control of grid connected inverter system for sinusoidal current injection wi...ijiert bestjournal
The control strategy for the grid connected inverter (GCI) during abnormal conditions like voltage sag,swell and line to ground fault has been presented. The strategy adopted here operates even during faulty conditions,unlike the conventional controller which fails to operate during fault y conditions. The Multi-Reference Frame (MRF) PI Controller is used for this purpose. In order to study the D ynamic Performance of the system,it is simulated in Matlab Simulink environment. The overall system is simulated for normal condition that is without the presence of fault,and with the presence of fault. The performance is also studied during abnormal conditions of the grid and its results are analyzed. The simulat ion results exhibit improved performance of the system during normal as well as abnormal conditions.
Estimation of Radial Distribution Feeder Sections Average Failure Rate for Di...IRJET Journal
This document discusses estimating the average failure rate of distribution feeder sections for different locations of future electric vehicle charging stations. It analyzes the IEEE 33 test bus system. The key points are:
1. As EV charging loads increase, currents passing through feeder lines increase, raising resistive losses and temperatures. This moderates the average failure rate and reliability of different feeder sections.
2. The document calculates average failure rates of all feeder sections for four possible EV charging station locations, based on the voltage sensitivity factor of buses.
3. It uses load flow analysis and Holt's exponential smoothing model to forecast future EV loads and apply them to the test system to evaluate changes in failure rates for each
A Novel Approach for Allocation of Optimal Capacitor and Distributed Generati...paperpublications3
This document presents two algorithms for optimally allocating capacitors and distributed generation on radial distribution systems. The algorithms predict reactive power and real power requirements that can be supplied by capacitor banks and distributed generation units. This arrangement reduces transmission losses and improves voltage stability. The algorithms were implemented on the IEEE 69-node and 52-node test systems. Load flow analysis was performed using a forward/backward sweep method to calculate node voltages, branch currents, and power losses. The results show reductions in losses and improvements to voltage profiles with the addition of capacitors and distributed generation.
IRJET- An Optimal and Capacitor Placement for Loss Reduction in Electrica...IRJET Journal
This document discusses optimal capacitor placement in distribution systems to reduce losses. It presents a technique for capacitor placement in a spiral distribution feeder to minimize reactive power loss. The proposed method is tested on an IEEE 4 node test system in ETAP software. First, a 4 node test system is developed to test a three phase delta grounded wye transformer connection. Then, capacitor banks are added to the distribution system with and without solar panels to reduce reactive and real power losses, respectively. The results obtained from ETAP software show that the proposed method reduces total power losses in the distribution system.
IRJET- A Comparative Study of Control Algorithms for DSTATCOM for Harmonic El...IRJET Journal
The document compares two control algorithms, back propagation and synchronous reference frame theory, for controlling a DSTATCOM (dynamic voltage compensator) to compensate for reactive power and eliminate current harmonics from linear and non-linear loads. It simulates the DSTATCOM performance with each control algorithm under different load conditions. The back propagation algorithm uses load current measurements to estimate reference source currents, while synchronous reference frame theory transforms load currents between stationary and rotating coordinate systems to extract reference values. Simulation results show that with both control algorithms, the DSTATCOM is able to regulate voltage amplitude at the point of common coupling and reduce total harmonic distortion of source currents from non-linear loads.
IRJET- A Comparative Study of Control Algorithms for DSTATCOM for Harmonic El...IRJET Journal
This document compares two control algorithms, back propagation and synchronous reference frame theory, for controlling a DSTATCOM (dynamic voltage compensator) to compensate for harmonics and reactive power. It describes the system configuration of the DSTATCOM connected to a distribution network feeding linear and non-linear loads. Simulation results show that with both control algorithms, the DSTATCOM is able to regulate the voltage amplitude at the point of common coupling and reduce harmonics in the source current when connected to linear and non-linear loads. The back propagation control algorithm maintains the DC link voltage and regulates the voltage amplitude to the supply voltage level.
IRJET- Sensitivity Analysis for Optimal Distributed Generation Placement in P...IRJET Journal
This document discusses using loss sensitivity factor analysis to identify the optimal placement of distributed generation (DG) units in the 73-bus, 33kV Port Harcourt power distribution system in Nigeria. Simulations were conducted using ETAP software to determine that 35 load buses were outside acceptable voltage limits. DG units of 25MW were placed at optimally identified buses using sensitivity analysis. Load flow analysis after DG placement showed improved voltage profile and loss reduction.
IRJET- Voltage Stability, Loadability and Contingency Analysis with Optimal I...IRJET Journal
This document discusses contingency analysis and optimal placement of renewable distributed generators (RDGs) using continuation power flow analysis to improve voltage stability and loadability. It presents a methodology to determine the optimal location and mix of different RDG technologies (solar, wind, fuel cells) on the IEEE 9-bus test system using the Power System Analysis Toolbox (PSAT). Reactive power performance indices are calculated for different line contingencies to identify critical buses. The results show that optimally placing RDGs can enhance voltage stability and increase the maximum loadability point compared to the base case without RDGs.
IRJET-Identification of Weak Bus using Load VariationIRJET Journal
This document discusses identifying weak buses in a power system through load variation analysis. It uses the WSCC 3-Machine 9-Bus test system in PSAT, a MATLAB toolbox, to analyze the system under increasing load levels from 5% to 45%. By comparing the results to the original power flow, the aim is to determine the most sensitive bus that is most affected by load changes. It explains that identifying weak buses can help with optimal reactive power planning by determining where new reactive power sources are most needed to prevent voltage instability and collapse.
IRJET- Comparative Analysis of Load Flow Methods on Standard Bus SystemIRJET Journal
The document compares different load flow analysis methods (Gauss-Seidel, Newton-Raphson, Fast Decoupled) on standard test systems (IEEE 5, 9, 26, 30 bus systems) using MATLAB. Load flow analysis is important for power system planning and operation to ensure stable and economic energy transfer. The methods are compared based on number of iterations, maximum power mismatch, and computational time to determine the best method for a given network system. Gauss-Seidel is an iterative method that uses updated voltages at each iteration but requires more iterations to converge compared to other methods.
OPTIMAL SITING AND SIZING OF D-STATCOM USING PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATIONIRJET Journal
This document discusses optimal siting and sizing of D-STATCOM using particle swarm optimization to improve voltage profile and reduce losses in distribution systems. It first describes the problem of power losses and low voltages in distribution networks. It then outlines the methodology used, which is to apply a particle swarm optimization algorithm to determine the optimal location and size of D-STATCOM devices in the test systems (IEEE 12 and 34 bus systems and a 110/11kV substation) to minimize losses while maintaining voltage limits. The results show that placing D-STATCOMs at optimized locations and sizes found by the algorithm reduces total power losses and improves the voltage profile in the different test systems.
Fault Modeling and Parametric Fault Detection in Analog VLSI Circuits using D...IRJET Journal
This document presents a method for modeling and detecting parametric faults in analog VLSI circuits using discretization. It begins with an abstract that describes detecting faults using discretization. It then provides background on fault modeling challenges in analog circuits. The main body describes modeling a biquadratic filter circuit using state-space equations, then discretizing it. It explains how discretization allows modeling the effects of single parametric faults, like a change in resistor value. The method is demonstrated through simulations in MATLAB/Simulink of detecting faults in biquadratic and leapfrog filters. Results show the method can effectively detect parametric faults in benchmark analog circuits.
IRJET- A Unique Methodology for Transmission Line Breakage Detection and ...IRJET Journal
This document describes a proposed system for detecting transmission line breakages and alerting relevant parties. The system uses voltage sensors along transmission lines to continuously monitor voltages between sections. If a rapid voltage change is detected between two sections, a signal is sent to trip the power supply and alert the public via buzzers. Data is communicated between sections using wireless sensor networks. The system is simulated using a PIC microcontroller and results are displayed on an LCD screen and transmitted to peripherals. The goal of the system is to quickly detect broken power lines to prevent electrical accidents and power outages.
IRJET- Assessment of Voltage Stability in a Power System Network and its Impr...IRJET Journal
The document summarizes a study that assessed voltage stability in a power system network and proposed methods to improve it. The study analyzed losses on each transmission line of a 6-bus, 8-line system using load flow analysis. It identified the weakest bus based on the variation of voltage with respect to reactive power. It then proposed connecting transmission lines with high losses to an on-load tap changing transformer to reduce losses and increase the voltage at the weakest bus, improving stability based on P-V curve analysis. The method was found to effectively improve voltage stability for the test system.
Modelling and Testing of a Numerical Pilot Distance Relay for Compensated Tra...MohammadMomani26
Flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) technologies are wildly used in the high voltage and extra-high voltage AC transmission systems to control the power flow. The existence of FACTS devices in the transmission lines makes a misoperation of the traditional distance relay. In this paper, a new special pilot distance protection scheme is presented for any compensated transmission line. This scheme is valid for any type of FACTS device (shunt, series, and compound) and different operation points (capacitive mode or inductive mode). The proposed scheme is modeled and tested in MATLAB 2020a/Simulink. The model includes a fault detection algorithm, phase selection, measured impedance, and five zones mho characteristic. The proposed scheme includes two additional reversed zones with the three traditional zones. The model is verified under deferent fault scenarios, including single-line to ground faults, double-line faults, double-line to ground faults, and three-phase faults. The results show the model robustness for different FACTS devices, including Static synchronous compensator (STATCOM), static synchronous series compensator (SSSC), and unified power flow controller (UPFC) as examples on the shunt, series, and compound FACTS devices respectively. All results show that the relay operates correctly under different FACTD device locations, different types of faults, different types of FACTS devices, and different operation points.
IRJET- Improvement of Voltage Stability by Placing UPFC using Fuzzy LogicIRJET Journal
This document discusses using fuzzy logic to determine the optimal placement of a Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) to improve voltage stability on the IEEE 14 bus system. Load flow analysis was conducted on the system to calculate voltage profiles, line loadings, and a voltage stability index (L-index). A fuzzy interface system was developed using these as inputs and placement index as the output. Based on the rules and outputs, transmission line 13-14 received the highest placement index, indicating it as the optimal location for UPFC placement. Simulation results showed the UPFC placement at this line improved the voltage profile across the system. Therefore, this fuzzy logic approach provides an effective means for determining optimal FACTS device placement to enhance power system performance
Solar PV Fed-Shunt APF to enhancement of Power Quality Issues in Distribution...IRJET Journal
This document discusses using an adaptive fuzzy logic controller (FLC)-based shunt active power filter (APF) to address power quality issues caused by nonlinear loads in a distribution power system integrated with solar energy. A shunt APF uses a shared DC link voltage source to compensate for load current harmonics and fluctuations. An adaptive FLC is proposed to dynamically adjust the control parameters of the shunt APF to best handle varying conditions. MATLAB/Simulink simulations validate that the proposed system can improve power quality by reducing total harmonic distortion and current fluctuations.
FAULT DETECTION IN FIVE BUS SYSTEM USING MATLAB & SIMULINK (DISCRETE WAVELET ...IRJET Journal
This document describes a study that uses discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to detect and classify faults in a five-bus power transmission system simulated in MATLAB/Simulink. Twelve different fault types with varying durations are introduced at different transmission line locations in the five-bus system. The current signals at the receiving end of lines undergoing faults are analyzed using DWT to extract wavelet coefficients. These coefficients are then used to identify the specific fault type, location, and duration. The results demonstrate that DWT with the db8 mother wavelet can accurately detect and classify faults with mean error of -0.34% under different system conditions.
Similar to Investigation Effect of Outage Line on the Transmission Line for Karbalaa-132Kv Zone in Iraqi Network (20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...IRJET Journal
1) The document discusses the Sungal Tunnel project in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which is being constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM).
2) NATM involves continuous monitoring during construction to adapt to changing ground conditions, and makes extensive use of shotcrete for temporary tunnel support.
3) The methodology section outlines the systematic geotechnical design process for tunnels according to Austrian guidelines, and describes the various steps of NATM tunnel construction including initial and secondary tunnel support.
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTUREIRJET Journal
This study examines the effect of response reduction factors (R factors) on reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures through nonlinear dynamic analysis. Three RC frame models with varying heights (4, 8, and 12 stories) were analyzed in ETABS software under different R factors ranging from 1 to 5. The results showed that displacement increased as the R factor decreased, indicating less linear behavior for lower R factors. Drift also decreased proportionally with increasing R factors from 1 to 5. Shear forces in the frames decreased with higher R factors. In general, R factors of 3 to 5 produced more satisfactory performance with less displacement and drift. The displacement variations between different building heights were consistent at different R factors. This study evaluated how R factors influence
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...IRJET Journal
This study compares the use of Stark Steel and TMT Steel as reinforcement materials in a two-way reinforced concrete slab. Mechanical testing is conducted to determine the tensile strength, yield strength, and other properties of each material. A two-way slab design adhering to codes and standards is executed with both materials. The performance is analyzed in terms of deflection, stability under loads, and displacement. Cost analyses accounting for material, durability, maintenance, and life cycle costs are also conducted. The findings provide insights into the economic and structural implications of each material for reinforcement selection and recommendations on the most suitable material based on the analysis.
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil CharacteristicsIRJET Journal
This document discusses a study analyzing the effect of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on the aerodynamic characteristics of airfoils. Sixteen modified asymmetric NACA airfoils were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) by varying the camber, camber position, and angle of attack. The results showed the relationship between these parameters and the lift coefficient, drag coefficient, and lift to drag ratio. This provides insight into how changes in airfoil geometry impact aerodynamic performance.
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the progress and challenges of aluminum-based metal matrix composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes and applications. It discusses how various aluminum MMCs have been developed using reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides to improve mechanical and wear properties. These composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high-strength and corrosion resistance properties. The document also examines recent advancements in fabrication techniques for aluminum MMCs and their growing applications in industries such as aerospace and automotive. However, it notes that challenges remain around issues like improper mixing of reinforcements and reducing reinforcement agglomeration.
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...IRJET Journal
This document discusses research on using graph neural networks (GNNs) for dynamic optimization of public transportation networks in real-time. GNNs represent transit networks as graphs with nodes as stops and edges as connections. The GNN model aims to optimize networks using real-time data on vehicle locations, arrival times, and passenger loads. This helps increase mobility, decrease traffic, and improve efficiency. The system continuously trains and infers to adapt to changing transit conditions, providing decision support tools. While research has focused on performance, more work is needed on security, socio-economic impacts, contextual generalization of models, continuous learning approaches, and effective real-time visualization.
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research project that aims to compare the structural performance of conventional slab and grid slab systems in multi-story buildings using ETABS software. The study will analyze both symmetric and asymmetric building models under various loading conditions. Parameters like deflections, moments, shears, and stresses will be examined to evaluate the structural effectiveness of each slab type. The results will provide insights into the comparative behavior of conventional and grid slabs to help engineers and architects select appropriate slab systems based on building layouts and design requirements.
A Review of “Seismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes and reviews a research paper on the seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures with plan and vertical irregularities, with and without infill walls. It discusses how infill walls can improve or reduce the seismic performance of RC buildings, depending on factors like wall layout, height distribution, connection to the frame, and relative stiffness of walls and frames. The reviewed research paper analyzes the behavior of infill walls, effects of vertical irregularities, and seismic performance of high-rise structures under linear static and dynamic analysis. It studies response characteristics like story drift, deflection and shear. The document also provides literature on similar research investigating the effects of infill walls, soft stories, plan irregularities, and different
This document provides a review of machine learning techniques used in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). It begins with an abstract that summarizes key applications of machine learning in ADAS, including object detection, recognition, and decision-making. The introduction discusses the integration of machine learning in ADAS and how it is transforming vehicle safety. The literature review then examines several research papers on topics like lightweight deep learning models for object detection and lane detection models using image processing. It concludes by discussing challenges and opportunities in the field, such as improving algorithm robustness and adaptability.
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...IRJET Journal
The document analyzes temperature and precipitation trends in Asosa District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia from 1993 to 2022 based on data from the local meteorological station. The results show:
1) The average maximum and minimum annual temperatures have generally decreased over time, with maximum temperatures decreasing by a factor of -0.0341 and minimum by -0.0152.
2) Mann-Kendall tests found the decreasing temperature trends to be statistically significant for annual maximum temperatures but not for annual minimum temperatures.
3) Annual precipitation in Asosa District showed a statistically significant increasing trend.
The conclusions recommend development planners account for rising summer precipitation and declining temperatures in
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD ProIRJET Journal
This document discusses the design and analysis of pre-engineered building (PEB) framed structures using STAAD Pro software. It provides an overview of PEBs, including that they are designed off-site with building trusses and beams produced in a factory. STAAD Pro is identified as a key tool for modeling, analyzing, and designing PEBs to ensure their performance and safety under various load scenarios. The document outlines modeling structural parts in STAAD Pro, evaluating structural reactions, assigning loads, and following international design codes and standards. In summary, STAAD Pro is used to design and analyze PEB framed structures to ensure safety and code compliance.
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on innovative fiber integration methods for reinforcing concrete structures. It discusses studies that have explored using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites with recycled plastic aggregates to develop more sustainable strengthening techniques. It also examines using ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete to improve shear strength in beams. Additional topics covered include the dynamic responses of FRP-strengthened beams under static and impact loads, and the performance of preloaded CFRP-strengthened fiber reinforced concrete beams. The review highlights the potential of fiber composites to enable more sustainable and resilient construction practices.
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare SystemIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a survey on securing patient healthcare data in cloud-based systems. It discusses using technologies like facial recognition, smart cards, and cloud computing combined with strong encryption to securely store patient data. The survey found that healthcare professionals believe digitizing patient records and storing them in a centralized cloud system would improve access during emergencies and enable more efficient care compared to paper-based systems. However, ensuring privacy and security of patient data is paramount as healthcare incorporates these digital technologies.
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridgesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes several studies that have been conducted on widening existing concrete bridges. It describes a study from China that examined load distribution factors for a bridge widened with composite steel-concrete girders. It also outlines challenges and solutions for widening a bridge in the UAE, including replacing bearings and stitching the new and existing structures. Additionally, it discusses two bridge widening projects in New Zealand that involved adding precast beams and stitching to connect structures. Finally, safety measures and challenges for strengthening a historic bridge in Switzerland under live traffic are presented.
React based fullstack edtech web applicationIRJET Journal
The document describes the architecture of an educational technology web application built using the MERN stack. It discusses the frontend developed with ReactJS, backend with NodeJS and ExpressJS, and MongoDB database. The frontend provides dynamic user interfaces, while the backend offers APIs for authentication, course management, and other functions. MongoDB enables flexible data storage. The architecture aims to provide a scalable, responsive platform for online learning.
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...IRJET Journal
This paper proposes integrating Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies to help implement objectives of India's National Education Policy (NEP) in the education sector. The paper discusses how blockchain could be used for secure student data management, credential verification, and decentralized learning platforms. IoT devices could create smart classrooms, automate attendance tracking, and enable real-time monitoring. Blockchain would ensure integrity of exam processes and resource allocation, while smart contracts automate agreements. The paper argues this integration has potential to revolutionize education by making it more secure, transparent and efficient, in alignment with NEP goals. However, challenges like infrastructure needs, data privacy, and collaborative efforts are also discussed.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.IRJET Journal
This document provides a review of research on the performance of coconut fibre reinforced concrete. It summarizes several studies that tested different volume fractions and lengths of coconut fibres in concrete mixtures with varying compressive strengths. The studies found that coconut fibre improved properties like tensile strength, toughness, crack resistance, and spalling resistance compared to plain concrete. Volume fractions of 2-5% and fibre lengths of 20-50mm produced the best results. The document concludes that using a 4-5% volume fraction of coconut fibres 30-40mm in length with M30-M60 grade concrete would provide benefits based on previous research.
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...IRJET Journal
The document discusses optimizing business management processes through automation using Microsoft Power Automate and artificial intelligence. It provides an overview of Power Automate's key components and features for automating workflows across various apps and services. The document then presents several scenarios applying automation solutions to common business processes like data entry, monitoring, HR, finance, customer support, and more. It estimates the potential time and cost savings from implementing automation for each scenario. Finally, the conclusion emphasizes the transformative impact of AI and automation tools on business processes and the need for ongoing optimization.
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic DesignIRJET Journal
The document describes the seismic design of a G+5 steel building frame located in Roorkee, India according to Indian codes IS 1893-2002 and IS 800. The frame was analyzed using the equivalent static load method and response spectrum method, and its response in terms of displacements and shear forces were compared. Based on the analysis, the frame was designed as a seismic-resistant steel structure according to IS 800:2007. The software STAAD Pro was used for the analysis and design.
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...IRJET Journal
This research paper explores using plastic waste as a sustainable and cost-effective construction material. The study focuses on manufacturing pavers and bricks using recycled plastic and partially replacing concrete with plastic alternatives. Initial results found that pavers and bricks made from recycled plastic demonstrate comparable strength and durability to traditional materials while providing environmental and cost benefits. Additionally, preliminary research indicates incorporating plastic waste as a partial concrete replacement significantly reduces construction costs without compromising structural integrity. The outcomes suggest adopting plastic waste in construction can address plastic pollution while optimizing costs, promoting more sustainable building practices.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning an...gerogepatton
International Conference on NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Applications (NLAIM 2024) offers a premier global platform for exchanging insights and findings in the theory, methodology, and applications of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their applications. The conference seeks substantial contributions across all key domains of NLP, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and their practical applications, aiming to foster both theoretical advancements and real-world implementations. With a focus on facilitating collaboration between researchers and practitioners from academia and industry, the conference serves as a nexus for sharing the latest developments in the field.