The document discusses the importance of teaching standards in engineering education. It notes that standards are not well understood by most engineers due to a lack of education on the topic in engineering schools. The document outlines the benefits of standards, types of standards, and how they are developed. It provides examples of how different universities incorporate standards into their curriculum, such as through design projects and dedicated courses. Resources for teaching standards from organizations like ANSI and ASTM are also presented. The document advocates for engineering programs to better educate students on standards to prepare them for industry.
ISO 9001-2015 clause 10.2 is different from ISO 9001-2008 corrective action requirements, i tried to capture the updated requirements and with a suggested format for deal with the updated requirements.
ISO 13485:2016 Transition Are You Prepared - OMTEC 2017April Bright
ISO 13485:2016 will apply across the whole supply chain and will address the entire lifecycle of a medical device. Key changes to the standard include harmonization of regulatory requirements; inclusion of risk management throughout the QMS; additional clarity with regard to validation, verification and design activities; strengthening of supplier control processes; increased focus regarding feedback mechanisms; software for QMS; manufacturing and the medical device. These changes require a well-thought-out plan for implementation by March 2019 and continuation of the standard thereafter.
This presentation will highlight the actions you should take now in order to successfully transition to the updated standard.
Use this ppt presentation to educate groups on what is ISO 9001:2015 standard, what are the requirements of ISO 9001:2015 certification, etc.
For more information visit: https://www.globalmanagergroup.com/
All about ISO clause No-7 i.e. production Realization
7.1 Planning of Product Realization
7.2 Customer Related Processes
7.4 Purchasing
7.5.1 Control of production & service provision
7.5.2 Validation of processes for production and service provision
7.5.3 Identification & Traceability
7.5.4 Customer Property
7.5.5 Preservation of Product
7.6 Control of monitoring & measuring devices
Global Manager Group provides presentation on IMS auditor training that helps organization to learn how effective auditing of integrated management system as per ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and ISO 45001 requirements which gives you maximum benefits and increase health safety efficiency in the organization with IMS Certification.
For more information visit https://www.globalmanagergroup.com/
ISO 9001-2015 clause 10.2 is different from ISO 9001-2008 corrective action requirements, i tried to capture the updated requirements and with a suggested format for deal with the updated requirements.
ISO 13485:2016 Transition Are You Prepared - OMTEC 2017April Bright
ISO 13485:2016 will apply across the whole supply chain and will address the entire lifecycle of a medical device. Key changes to the standard include harmonization of regulatory requirements; inclusion of risk management throughout the QMS; additional clarity with regard to validation, verification and design activities; strengthening of supplier control processes; increased focus regarding feedback mechanisms; software for QMS; manufacturing and the medical device. These changes require a well-thought-out plan for implementation by March 2019 and continuation of the standard thereafter.
This presentation will highlight the actions you should take now in order to successfully transition to the updated standard.
Use this ppt presentation to educate groups on what is ISO 9001:2015 standard, what are the requirements of ISO 9001:2015 certification, etc.
For more information visit: https://www.globalmanagergroup.com/
All about ISO clause No-7 i.e. production Realization
7.1 Planning of Product Realization
7.2 Customer Related Processes
7.4 Purchasing
7.5.1 Control of production & service provision
7.5.2 Validation of processes for production and service provision
7.5.3 Identification & Traceability
7.5.4 Customer Property
7.5.5 Preservation of Product
7.6 Control of monitoring & measuring devices
Global Manager Group provides presentation on IMS auditor training that helps organization to learn how effective auditing of integrated management system as per ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and ISO 45001 requirements which gives you maximum benefits and increase health safety efficiency in the organization with IMS Certification.
For more information visit https://www.globalmanagergroup.com/
Document gives the lists of standards that have been developed by different international organizations. such as ISO, DIN, ASTM, AISI, and etc.inths document all the standards that have ever been introduced by any organization for engineering field are listed down
This presentation is all about my working experience at iljin electronics pvt ltd. and its all about the working of IQC department of electronics industry.
Total Quality Management PowerPoint Presentation SlideSlideTeam
Ensure the quality of your product or service is consistent with our content-ready total quality management PowerPoint presentation slides. These capability maturity model integration presentation slides will help you upgrade the standards of your organization. Our quality improvement PPT presentation will help you enhance the quality of your firm outputs. This content ready quality control PowerPoint PPT covers all the relevant slides such as introduction, TQM pyramid, TQM model, customer focus in TQM, planning process in TSM, process management, business process improvement, involvement of people, TQM elements, determinants of product quality, determinants of service quality, importance of good quality, consequences of poor quality, principles and certification, and tools of quality management. It also includes slide on pareto chart, flow chart, fishbone diagram, data and analysis, root cause analysis, opportunity analysis, timeline analysis, force field analysis, SIPOC analysis, 5 why analysis, failure mode effect analysis, musts and wants, cost of quality, quality cost report, quality control, and quality management dashboard. Using these presentation slides, you can explain the content of quality control and quality assessment. So, quickly download this total quality management presentation PPT. Get them in the groove with our Total Quality Management PowerPoint Presentation Slide. Encourage them to follow given directions.
In this presentation, we will discuss the concept of quality management with specific importance on quality assurance, quality control and different views of quality, types of quality, levels of quality and quality determinants. We will also talk about the industrial revolution and beginning of quality control methods.
To know more about Welingkar School’s Distance Learning Program and courses offered, visit: http://www.welingkaronline.org/distance-learning/online-mba.html
Significant changes are underway that impact the quality and regulatory systems of medical device companies and their suppliers. ISO 13485:2016 adds new requirements to address risk management and to better align the standard with global regulatory requirements (FDA, MDD, JPAL, etc.). With the release of ISO 9001:2015, the ISO 9001 and ISO 13485 standards are no longer integrated. A new single audit MDSAP program will be in effect beginning 2017 that incorporates applicable FDA, Canadian, Brazilian, Australian and Japanese quality system requirements into the annual ISO 13485 audit cycle. The presentation will provide an overview of these changes and the steps required to incorporate these changes into existing quality management systems.
BugRaptors has domain expertise team skilled in working with various test models like Sequential & Agile. We provide users with quality consultancy. They help users from all over the world to clear all their doubts and issues on any type or kind of testing. Either it’s Automation, Security or any kind of testing, We have team which is highly experienced in all types of testing. It helps in developing great quality products. We have well experienced team of manual as well as Automation testing. The main focus of BugRaptors team is quality because the Life is better with lesser issues in it.
The new ISO 9001:2015 committee draft is published and distributed. There are changes which affect organizations who applied this standard. As it is among most famous ISO standards, follow up the changes would be critical and it is time to consider changes which might affect organizations' management systems.
Quality Management System PowerPoint Presentation Slides SlideTeam
Presenting this set of slides with name - Quality Management System PowerPoint Presentation Slides.The stages in this process are Quality Management System, Quality Assurance System, Qms.
Manufacture of Medicinal Products and the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs)
used as starting materials in the production of these products is subject to strict good
manufacturing practice regulations that are designed to ensure their quality, safety and
efficacy. This ensures that patients worldwide and at any time can have confidence in the
quality, safety and efficacy of medicines.
The cGMP regulations for final medicinal products are clearly defined in each country
and region. The content of the regulations may vary but the objectives are the same:
- To deliver high quality, safe medicines manufactured and distributed following
controlled procedures to treat diseases and
- To prevent deaths, serious illnesses, adverse events or product recalls resulting from
deficiencies in the manufacturing and distribution processes.
While in the vast majority of cases, the pharmaceutical industry, under the oversight of
the Regulatory Authorities and inspectorates consistently applies appropriate cGMP
practices,
Document gives the lists of standards that have been developed by different international organizations. such as ISO, DIN, ASTM, AISI, and etc.inths document all the standards that have ever been introduced by any organization for engineering field are listed down
This presentation is all about my working experience at iljin electronics pvt ltd. and its all about the working of IQC department of electronics industry.
Total Quality Management PowerPoint Presentation SlideSlideTeam
Ensure the quality of your product or service is consistent with our content-ready total quality management PowerPoint presentation slides. These capability maturity model integration presentation slides will help you upgrade the standards of your organization. Our quality improvement PPT presentation will help you enhance the quality of your firm outputs. This content ready quality control PowerPoint PPT covers all the relevant slides such as introduction, TQM pyramid, TQM model, customer focus in TQM, planning process in TSM, process management, business process improvement, involvement of people, TQM elements, determinants of product quality, determinants of service quality, importance of good quality, consequences of poor quality, principles and certification, and tools of quality management. It also includes slide on pareto chart, flow chart, fishbone diagram, data and analysis, root cause analysis, opportunity analysis, timeline analysis, force field analysis, SIPOC analysis, 5 why analysis, failure mode effect analysis, musts and wants, cost of quality, quality cost report, quality control, and quality management dashboard. Using these presentation slides, you can explain the content of quality control and quality assessment. So, quickly download this total quality management presentation PPT. Get them in the groove with our Total Quality Management PowerPoint Presentation Slide. Encourage them to follow given directions.
In this presentation, we will discuss the concept of quality management with specific importance on quality assurance, quality control and different views of quality, types of quality, levels of quality and quality determinants. We will also talk about the industrial revolution and beginning of quality control methods.
To know more about Welingkar School’s Distance Learning Program and courses offered, visit: http://www.welingkaronline.org/distance-learning/online-mba.html
Significant changes are underway that impact the quality and regulatory systems of medical device companies and their suppliers. ISO 13485:2016 adds new requirements to address risk management and to better align the standard with global regulatory requirements (FDA, MDD, JPAL, etc.). With the release of ISO 9001:2015, the ISO 9001 and ISO 13485 standards are no longer integrated. A new single audit MDSAP program will be in effect beginning 2017 that incorporates applicable FDA, Canadian, Brazilian, Australian and Japanese quality system requirements into the annual ISO 13485 audit cycle. The presentation will provide an overview of these changes and the steps required to incorporate these changes into existing quality management systems.
BugRaptors has domain expertise team skilled in working with various test models like Sequential & Agile. We provide users with quality consultancy. They help users from all over the world to clear all their doubts and issues on any type or kind of testing. Either it’s Automation, Security or any kind of testing, We have team which is highly experienced in all types of testing. It helps in developing great quality products. We have well experienced team of manual as well as Automation testing. The main focus of BugRaptors team is quality because the Life is better with lesser issues in it.
The new ISO 9001:2015 committee draft is published and distributed. There are changes which affect organizations who applied this standard. As it is among most famous ISO standards, follow up the changes would be critical and it is time to consider changes which might affect organizations' management systems.
Quality Management System PowerPoint Presentation Slides SlideTeam
Presenting this set of slides with name - Quality Management System PowerPoint Presentation Slides.The stages in this process are Quality Management System, Quality Assurance System, Qms.
Manufacture of Medicinal Products and the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs)
used as starting materials in the production of these products is subject to strict good
manufacturing practice regulations that are designed to ensure their quality, safety and
efficacy. This ensures that patients worldwide and at any time can have confidence in the
quality, safety and efficacy of medicines.
The cGMP regulations for final medicinal products are clearly defined in each country
and region. The content of the regulations may vary but the objectives are the same:
- To deliver high quality, safe medicines manufactured and distributed following
controlled procedures to treat diseases and
- To prevent deaths, serious illnesses, adverse events or product recalls resulting from
deficiencies in the manufacturing and distribution processes.
While in the vast majority of cases, the pharmaceutical industry, under the oversight of
the Regulatory Authorities and inspectorates consistently applies appropriate cGMP
practices,
presentation is divided into three parts,
1)spur gears failure
2)Beam Strength while designing spur gears
3)Wear Strength while designing spur gears
this is not all for spur gears,just a part of design
Crdi technology is more efficient and advance technology in the field of automobile engineering. This technology is using at a large scale by a number of car companies. In this presentation you will find the basic principle, working, and component description of crdi technology.
Unit 6- spur gears, Kinematics of machines of VTU Syllabus prepared by Hareesha N Gowda, Asst. Prof, Dayananda Sagar College of Engg, Blore. Please write to hareeshang@gmail.com for suggestions and criticisms.
Design of half shaft and wheel hub assembly for racing carRavi Shekhar
The Half - Shaft and Wheel Hub of Formula One racing car was designed taking into consideration one of the popular model of Redbull racing car. The various dimension of shaft and hub were altered to attain maximum factor of safety.
To meet the standard requirement, all NDT procedures must be carried out as per standard procedure to obtain desired test results. These procedures are derived from applicable codes and standards.
The CDIO™ INITIATIVE is an innovative educational framework for producing the next generation of engineers. The framework provides students with an education stressing engineering fundamentals set in the context of Conceiving - Designing - Implementing - Operating (CDIO) real-world systems and products. Throughout the world, CDIO Initiative collaborators have adopted CDIO as the framework of their curricular planning and outcome-based assessment. CDIO collaborators recognize that an engineering education is acquired over a long period and in a variety of institutions, and that educators in all parts of this spectrum can learn from practice elsewhere. The CDIO network therefore welcomes members in a diverse range of institutions ranging from research-led internationally acclaimed universities to local colleges dedicated to providing students with their initial grounding in engineering. CDIO envisions an education that stresses the fundamentals, set in the context of Conceiving - Designing - Implementing - Operating systems and products, through a curriculum organized around mutually supporting courses but with CDIO activities highly interwoven. CDIO activities are rich with student design-build-test projects, integrate learning of professional skills such as teamwork and communication, feature active and experiential learning, and are constantly improved through quality assurance process with higher aims than accreditation.
Slides for talk on Addressing The Limitations Of Open Standards given at Museums & the Web 2007 conference.
See http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/web-focus/events/conferences/mw-2007/talk-standards/
During the Agile Austria Conference 2017, Graz, Austria
Speaker: Fariz Saracevic
This session will examine how requirements management can bring significant value to agile development teams.
Abu Dhabi Building Codes & Standards-Final.pdfssuser8cff9d
The aim of this course is to introduce the required skill for understanding the importance, application, use, and management of various buildings and constructions codes, regulations, specifications and standards around the world; especially in UAE (Abu Dhabi).
ABET Accreditation Alert:
Engineering Accreditation Commission:
Proposed Revisions to Criteria 3 and 5
ABET's Accreditation Alerts summarize important changes in the Accreditation Criteria and the Accreditation Policy and Procedure Manual (APPM).
Proposed Changes: Feedback Requested
The EAC of ABET is currently soliciting observations from its constituents. You can send us your comments on these potential revisions through this form.
Improve Product Design with High Quality RequirementsElizabeth Steiner
This webinar is perfect for either experienced requirements managers or those who are new to writing requirements documents. Join Dr. Dam as he shares his lessons learned from his past experiences writing requirements for complex systems and products. You will learn from this expert helpful tips on writing high quality requirements.
Tensile, Impact and Hardness Testing of Mild SteelGulfam Hussain
The main purpose of this report is to study the mechanical properties and
failure mode of mild steel. Three types of standard tests i.e. tensile test, impact
test, and hardness test were conducted on the standard specimens of mild steel.
From the tests, results were obtained; Tensile strength, Impact strength, and
hardness were calculated. It was observed that Tensile Strength, Impact Strength
and Hardness of MS specimen were 1450.833 N/mm², 29.5 J & 59.25 HRB.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
CW RADAR, FMCW RADAR, FMCW ALTIMETER, AND THEIR PARAMETERSveerababupersonal22
It consists of cw radar and fmcw radar ,range measurement,if amplifier and fmcw altimeterThe CW radar operates using continuous wave transmission, while the FMCW radar employs frequency-modulated continuous wave technology. Range measurement is a crucial aspect of radar systems, providing information about the distance to a target. The IF amplifier plays a key role in signal processing, amplifying intermediate frequency signals for further analysis. The FMCW altimeter utilizes frequency-modulated continuous wave technology to accurately measure altitude above a reference point.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
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Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
1. The Importance of Standards in
Engineering
Rich Fields
Senior Manager, Mechanical Engineering Analysis
Lockheed Martin Missiles & Fire Control
2. 2
Outline
The “Mystery” of Standards
What is a Standard?
Types of Standards for Composites
Benefits of Standards
Basic Standards Knowledge for Engineers
Education in Standards
General Curriculum Resources
Curriculum Resources for Composites
3. 3
The “Mystery” of Standards
“Standards generally go unnoticed.
They are mostly quiet, unseen forces,
such as specifications, regulations, and
protocols, that ensure that things work
properly, interactively, and responsibly.
How standards come about is a mystery
to most people should they even ponder
the question.”
John Gibbons, Forward to U. S. Congress Office of Technology
Assessment TCT-512, Global Standards: Building Blocks for the Future,
March 1992
4. 4
What is a “Standard”?
A simplistic but idealized working definition…
Standard - a document, developed and
used by consensus of the stakeholders,
which describes how a product is to be
obtained or used.
document - can be electronic or paper
stakeholders – includes anyone with an interest without restriction
product - can include hardware, software, analysis result, test
result, protocol, definition, etc.
obtained or used - can mean designed, built, procured,
calculated, tested, etc.
5. 5
Features of an Ideal Standard
Relevant and necessary, by providing specific value
to benefit development of a product.
Singular, by focusing on a specific concept.
Unambiguous, by not being subject to multiple
interpretations.
Consistent, by not conflicting with other documents
within its family of standards.
Auditable (measureable), with a quantitative exit
criterion showing that the standard was followed.
6. 6
What Does (and Doesn’t)
Go Into a Standard?
Best practices (things that have worked well)
Lessons learned (things that haven’t worked well)
Recent research results
• Able to stimulate further research in related areas
Standards cannot be created for every situation
Sometimes necessary in real practice for a subject matter
expert to extrapolate from one or more existing standards
and design principles to solve a specific need
7. 7
Types of Standards for Composites
• Technical terminology
• Material specifications
• Process specifications
• Test methods (and practices and guides)
• Test fixtures
• Data reduction methods
• Data reporting formats
• Test matrices
• Statistical procedures
• Analysis methods
and more…
8. 8
Standards and Engineers
Standards a mystery? Sadly, it isn’t only the man
on the street - standards are also a mystery to
most engineers
Why?
Because standards are a mystery to many
engineering faculty!
Standards are not well-taught in
engineering schools
9. 9
Standards – Who Cares?
Few engineering students are introduced to
standards in school, and even fewer are given an
understanding of the standards development
process
Too few engineering professors understand the
utility and purpose of standards, the process of
origin and maintenance, or their importance and
application in the workplace
ABET is only starting to recognize the issue
10. 10
ABET Guidance for 2008-2009
ABET now requires a design project that “…
incorporate[s] appropriate engineering
standards…”
But ABET does not yet require any specific
instruction in
Standards development processes
Major standards development organizations (SDO),
their scopes, and varying approaches
How, when, why of appropriate use of standards
*Criteria for Accrediting Engineering Programs, Effective for
Evaluations During the 2008-2009 Accreditation Cycle,
November 3, 2007, ABET , Inc
11. 11
Benefit of Standards
The engine of national and global commerce is driven
by standards
Good standards – those with credibility, integrity, and
marketplace acceptance – reduce procurement costs,
improve products, expand markets, and/or lower risk
Standards do this by…
Reducing duplication of effort or overlap and combining resources
Bridging of technology gaps and transferring technology
Reducing conflict in regulations
Facilitating commerce
Stabilizing existing markets and allowing development of new markets
Protecting from litigation
…And more
12. 12
Practicing Engineers
Need Standards
Why?
To Produce Their Products Efficiently
Deliverable products must be designed and
built - they make use of procured items and
must themselves be procured
Each of these phases, procurement
especially, requires specification
Effective specification requires standards
13. 13
Engineering Managers
Need New Standards
For Knowledge Capture and Transfer
Massive retirements of “boomer” engineers have begun
– those with 25+ years of experience obtained during
the most productive and creative years of US industry
Significant loss of engineering experience is occurring
Add to that – engineering schools are not producing
students at the expected needed replacement rate – a
significant shortage of engineers will occur over the next
few years
Capture of knowledge as standards, and
training of junior engineers in their use, can
ease the generational transition
14. 14
Engineering Hiring Mgrs
Need Students that Know Standards
Those new graduates without standards
knowledge may
• unnecessarily need elementary instruction in
their first jobs
• have a higher propensity for operating outside
of best or accepted industry practices
• waste resources by “reinventing the wheel,” or
• even simply fail in duties to align their products
or services with desired markets.
http://www.astm.org/SNEWS/JULY_2005/schultz_jul05.html
15. 15
Center for
Global Standards Analysis
Formed at Catholic University of America (CUA) in 1999 to
1. develop education and research programs that will
facilitate the study of United States Standards Policies
and global standardization;
2. provide a neutral forum in which students, universities,
government departments and agencies, national,
regional and global standards organizations,
associations and corporations can meet to discuss
United States Standards Policies, global standardization
and develop creative strategies.
http://engineering.cua.edu/standardscenter/Missionstatement.cfm
16. 16
Why So Little Teaching of Standards
in Engineering Schools?
• Denial of need
• Absence of trained faculty
• Absence of existing curricula resources
CUA CGSA, 2004 Standards Survey
17. 17
Specific Conclusions of
2004 Engineering Standards Survey
• Standards education is not a priority issue among
schools of engineering in the US
• Schools of engineering in the US do not accept the
critical nature of standards in the current and future
global economy
• Only a handful of schools of engineering in the US
offer an on-going course on standards: e.g., Catholic
University of America, University of Colorado (Boulder),
U of Pittsburgh
• When presented at all, the subject of standards is most
often taught within larger design or engineering ethics
courses
18. 18
Why Teach Standards to Your
Students
• Workforce needs to be prepared to
understand and apply standards
• Students need greater exposure to
standardization to position themselves
competitively
• Curricula need to stay market-relevant,
and standards education is a perfect
medium to marry technical design to real-
world issues.
http://www.astm.org/SNEWS/JULY_2005/schultz_jul05.html
19. 19
Basic Standards Knowledge for
Engineering Students
Purpose of standards
Types of standards
Sources of standards
Standards Development Processes
Who controls the standards
How to update/correct existing standards
How to create new standards
Most Important standards for their
discipline
Proper Use of those standards
20. 20
Types of Standards
ASTM currently recognizes five specific
types:
1. Specification (in the sense of a
procurement document)
2. Test Method (produces a test result)
3. Terminology (or definitions)
4. Practice (a protocol that doesn’t produce a
test result)
5. Guide (informational description of a
number of options)
21. 21
“Terminology Wars”
Specification vs. Standard
The term specification has both a generic
meaning and a targeted meaning:
Generic – part of common compound term
indicating any type of standard, as in
“standard specification”
Targeted – a specific type of “standard,” as
per ASTM, which forms the basis for
procurement of a product
22. 22
Standards Development
Organizations (SDO)
International SDO – An accepted set of principles
by which an organization engaged in the
development of international standards must
comply has been adopted by the World Trade
Organization (WTO), Committee on Technical
Barriers to Trade*
ISO conforms to this definition, but – contrary to
what ISO prefers to emphasize – ISO (and its
sister IEC) is not the only International SDO
*G/TBT/ 1/REV. 8. Section IX, Decision of the Committee on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations
with Relation to Articles 2, 5 and Annex 3 of the Agreement.
23. 23
Differences in Standards
Development Philosophies
US has a unique stakeholder-driven standards
development process, using a large number
(~400) of decentralized, non-governmental
(and often international) SDOs ranging in size
from very large and broad-based, to very small
and specific SDOs, with ANSI (not a standards
producer) as the official US coordinator
Rest of world uses a politically-driven,
government-based, standards development
process – with ISO/IEC at the top level of this
24. 24
Let’s Get Modern - and Honest
ISO – “International,” but Europe-driven, with a one-country/one vote approach
that gives Europe a definite voting edge
US-based SDOs now advertise their global-ness, and the major US SDO’s
meet the WTO definition of “international” equally well or better
than ISO
ASTM International – largest US-based SDO, with substantial global
participation, voting by individual stakeholders, and more inclusive
definition of “consensus” than ISO
SAE International – US-based, but substantial global participation; and not just
“Automotive”
Technical content from US-based SDOs has driven a
disproportionate amount of standards development for
the rest of the world, including the standards of ISO
25. 25
Incorporating Standards in
Engineering Curricula
• Use standards in design assignments and to corroborate text
material
• Exercise standard test methods in the laboratory
• Encourage intern/co-op experiences to report on standards
usage
• Encourage “student member” participation in SDOs
• Obtain teaching resources from SDOs
• Utilize “capstone projects” to challenge students in the use and
application of standards. In these, students should
– report on the standards they used
– how they were used
– how their use impacted the project (time and cost savings)
– if the standards met their needs as written, and
– how they anticipate the standards will assist in penetrating markets for
the product or service they undertook in the capstone project.
http://www.astm.org/SNEWS/JULY_2005/schultz_jul05.html
27. 27
Catholic University of America
At CUA, segments on standards are taught in selected
freshman and senior courses as well as
CMGT564: Strategic Standardization
A survey course, intended for graduate engineering and law
students. Provides students with a broad understanding of the
interdisciplinary issues associated with standardization, which is a
difficult concept to define. From a broad perspective, the term
covers every product, material, and service in commerce, anywhere
in the world; it is one of the most critical components associated with
the development of the global economy and all of its individual
parts. 3 Credits
http://engineering.cua.edu/engrmgmt/curriculum//CMGT%20564.cfm
Helpful prior lecture list
http://engineering.cua.edu/StandardsCenter/Lecture%20List.htm
28. 28
University of Washington
Prof. Michael Jenkins introduces his students to use of standards in
Introduction to Mechanical Design (ME395)
“…standards and codes are playing increasingly greater roles in
modern engineering education both inside the classroom and
outside of it (i.e., in independent study or research projects). In
modern engineering education, the direct exposure of students to
the practical application of standards and codes as an integral part
of the curriculum can help students retain up to 90 percent of the
course material (as opposed to only 10 percent retention if the
material is only read).
“…the constraints of standards and codes do not hinder students, but
instead help define practical limits on their designs.”
M Jenkins, Standards and Codes in Mechanical Engineering
Education, http://www.astm.org/NEWS/classroom.htm
29. 29
Penn State University
Engineering Mechanics 13D, Strength of Materials With Design
Design Technologies includes introductory notes on each topic listed and
links to further information and data for that topic. It is your window to
the world's technology database. The topics are:
Materials: This includes metals, plastics, fabrics and ropes, woods,
and fasteners and chains.
Standards: This includes standards for testing, performance and
codes.
http://www.esm.psu.edu/courses/emch13d/design/design-tech/standards/st
Manufacturing: This provides an overview the many manufacturing
methods available today.
Design Links: This provides links to other design sites, usually of a
general nature.
Human Data: This provides links to anthropometric data.
30. 30
Relevant US Legislation
Enacted - The National Technology Transfer and
Advancement Act of 1995, Public Law 104-113,
(signed into law on March 7, 1996)
Requires federal agencies to use consensus based,
voluntary standards as alternatives to specifications that
had previously been developed only for government use
Proposed - Manufacturing Competitiveness Act of 2007
(H.R. 255, Sec. 7, proposed amendment to Tariff Act of
1930, introduced to U.S. Congress 2007-02-16)
Director of NIST would be authorized to create grants to
faculty and schools to develop curricula that advance the
teaching of standards
31. 31
Engineering Curricula Resources
ANSI
Downloadable Learning Modules
Include:
• Through History with Standards
A quick overview to demonstrate how
standards have evolved over time
• Why Standards Matter
A general introduction to standards
and conformity assessment activities
• U.S. Standards System – Today
and Tomorrow
A spotlight on the U.S. national
standards system
• Legal Issues in Standard-Setting
A Simple Review of Antitrust Laws
and Patent Policies
http://www.standardslearn.org/
32. 32
Engineering Curricula Resources
ASTM
Downloadable Learning
Modules Include:
Standards Development
around the World
The ASTM Standards
Development Process
ASTM Standards and You
Standards and Intellectual
Property
http://www.astm.org/studentmember/Lea
rning_Modules.html
33. 33
Additional ASTM Teaching
Resources
ASTM International Campus
http://www.astm.org/studentmember/
Meet the Standards Setters
• Experts share how standards knowledge can benefit students’
job placement and career success
http://www.astm.org/studentmember/QA_with_Experts.html
Standards on Campus
• Easy and cost effective way to incorporate standards into
teaching curriculum. Create a package of up to 10 ASTM
standards of your choice and make it available to students for
just $10 per student. Includes Student Membership
http://www.astm.org/studentmember/Access_by_Course.html
34. 34
ASTM D4762 – A New Gateway to
Teaching D30 Standards
Standard Guide to Testing
Polymer Matrix
Composite Materials
Re-released May 2004 and
updated in 2008
– Briefly summarizes the scope,
advantages, and disadvantages
of every related D30 standard (as
of release date), as well as other
commonly referenced related
standards of other ASTM
committees.
– An excellent aid in education and
selection of appropriate
standards for use with advanced
composite materials
35. 35
In Closing:
Professor “To Do” List
• Appreciate the need for standards
• Get smart on standards
Get active in a SDO, in order to keep current, and
provide your expertise to the Committee(s)
• Define specific points in appropriate undergrad
classes for insertion of standards education
• Review SDO resources, and make use of them in
your updated curricula
• Consider creation of a grad-level standards-
focused class, similar to that taught by CUA