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Genetic Linkage

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Jolie Yu

The document discusses genetic recombination and gene linkage. During meiosis, homologous chromosomes pair up and may exchange genetic material through crossing over. Tracking how closely linked genes segregate during crosses allows their relative positions on chromosomes to be determined. Genetic markers are used to infer the presence of other linked genes. Independent assortment of chromosomes leads to many possible combinations of alleles in gametes. The analysis of crosses differs depending on whether genes are on the same or different chromosomes. Recombination frequency between linked genes can be measured and used to create genetic maps.

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Genetics ~Part II Genetic Recombination & Gene Linkage
Genetic Recombination ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Crossing Over ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Linkage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Genetic Markers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Independent Assortment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Analyzing Crosses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ab aabb  ab ab 25% aB aaBb  ab aB 25% Ab Aabb  ab Ab 25% AB AaBb  ab AB 25% Progeny phenotype Progeny genotype Gamete from aabb parent Gamete from AaBb parent Frequency
Crosses Involving Linked Genes ,[object Object],[object Object]
 
Case 1 Case 2 A - B - A - b - - B - b - a - a Both are Genotype AaBb
Notation for Linked Genes ,[object Object],[object Object],CASE 1 AB or AB/ab Ab CASE 2 Ab or Ab/aB aB If A & B are wild-type, use (+): ++ or ++/ab ab +b or +b/a+ a+
Parental Types ,[object Object],[object Object]
Recombination ,[object Object],[object Object]
Case 1 Gametes ,[object Object],r/2 recombinant +b r/2 recombinant a+ p/2 parental ++ p/2 parental ab Frequency Type Gamete
Case 2 Gametes ,[object Object],r/2 recombinant ++ r/2 recombinant ab p/2 parental +b p/2 parental a+ Frequency Type Gamete
Parental vs. Recombinant Types ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Test Cross ,[object Object],[object Object]
Sample Test Cross ,[object Object],r/2 recombinant +b +b/ab r/2 recombinant a+ a+/ab p/2 parental ++ ++/ab p/2 parental ab ab/ab Frequency Type Progeny Phenotype Progeny Genotype
Why A Test Cross? ,[object Object],[object Object]
Other Mapping Crosses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Recombination Frequency ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Recombination Frequency & Map Distance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Understanding Frequency ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Genetic Mapping ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Linkage Problems - Example ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Linkage Problem (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Try It! ,[object Object]
Strategies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Test Cross ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Solving ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Genetic Linkage

  • 1. Genetics ~Part II Genetic Recombination & Gene Linkage
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