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ProteinSynthesisbyoung
- 1. Protein Synthesis By Brady Young
- 7. Promoter Region Coding Region RNA Polymerase DNA Molecule Termination Sequence
- 8. Promoter Region Coding Region RNA Polymerase DNA Molecule Termination Sequence
- 9. Promoter Region Coding Region RNA Polymerase DNA Molecule Termination Sequence
- 10. Promoter Region Coding Region RNA Polymerase DNA Molecule Termination Sequence
- 11. mRNA Strand RNA Polymerase DNA Molecule
- 12. mRNA Strand RNA Polymerase DNA Molecule
- 13. mRNA Strand RNA Polymerase DNA Molecule
- 14. mRNA Strand RNA Polymerase DNA Molecule
- 15. mRNA Strand RNA Polymerase DNA Molecule
- 16. mRNA Strand RNA Polymerase DNA Molecule
- 17. mRNA Strand RNA Polymerase DNA Molecule
- 18. mRNA Strand RNA Polymerase DNA Molecule
- 19. mRNA Strand RNA Polymerase DNA Molecule
- 20. mRNA Strand RNA Polymerase DNA Molecule
- 21. mRNA Strand RNA Polymerase DNA Molecule
- 22. mRNA Strand RNA Polymerase DNA Molecule
- 39. Final Protein in its Tertiary Structure Start Codon Codon Codon Codon Stop Codon
- 40. Summary The first stage of protein synthesis, DNA transcription, occurs in the nucleus of the cell where the DNA is stored. It begins when RNA polymerase unwinds a DNA molecule that is in a double helix structure. The enzyme starts at the beginning of a gene and binds onto it. It then travels the whole way down the molecule from the promoter region to the termination sequence and unwinds molecule. When the DNA is unwound, one of the two separate strands that were separated is used as a template that RNA polymerase attaches complementary nucleotides to. However, in RNA, adenine is paired with uracil instead of thymine such as it does in DNA. When the matching is complete the product is a mRNA molecule known as messenger RNA. This molecule then detaches from the template strand and exits the nucleus through the nuclear pore, therefore entering the cytoplasm. The original DNA molecule then returns to its starting double-helix formation. The next step of the process is DNA translation which occurs in the cytoplasm. In this step, mRNA molecules meet the ribosomes which are organelles that make proteins. From there, the ribosomes read the mRNA strand, starting at the start codon and ending at the stop codon, like a book and convert it into a sequence of amino acids. This is done by the ribosome
- 41. Summary moving down the mRNA strand and tRNA molecules attaching to the molecule and then falling off. Each tRNA contains an anticodon and an amino acid. The anticodon binds to the codon for only a temporary period. A peptide bond connects the amino acids every time a tRNA molecule falls off the mRNA strand as the ribosome travels down it. This creates an amino acid chain once that ribosome reaches the stop codon and the last tRNA molecule falls off of the strand. This amino acids chain folds upon itself to give it its final three dimensional structure. This final shape will ultimately determine the function of the newly formed protein. This then completes the process of protein synthesis.