This flip book depicts the process of protein synthesis, showing how DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated by ribosomes into a polypeptide chain. The flip book steps through transcription, where RNA polymerase copies DNA into mRNA, then translation, where the mRNA passes through the ribosome and interacts with tRNA and rRNA to add amino acids in the correct order specified by codons until a full protein is synthesized.

1. Protein Synthesis Flip Book
Mackenzie Atcheson

2. -------------------------T A C T C T G G C A T C A C T--------------------------|| ||| || | | || ||||
-------------------------A T G A G A C C G T A G T G A-------------------------

4. Nucleus

5. TAC AAC GTC ATC ACT
ATG TTG CAF TAG TGA
RNA polymerase

6. TAC AAC GTC ATC ACT
TTG CAF TAG TGA
ATG

7. AUG
TAC AAC GTC ATC ACT
TTG CAF TAG TGA
ATG

8. AUG
TAC AAC GTC ATC ACT
CAF TAG TGA
ATG TTG

9. AUG UUG
TAC AAC GTC ATC ACT
CAF TAG TGA
ATG TTG

10. AUG UUG
TAC AAC GTC ATC ACT
TAG TGA
ATG TTG CAF

11. AUG UUG CAG
TAC AAC GTC ATC ACT
TAG TGA
ATG TTG CAF

12. AUG UUG CAG
TAC AAC GTC ATC ACT
TGA
ATG TTG CAF TAG

13. AUG UUG CAG UAG
TAC AAC GTC ATC ACT
TGA
ATG TTG CAF TAG

14. AUG UUG CAG UAG
TAC AAC GTC ATC ACT
ATG TTG CAF TAG TGA

15. AUG UUG CAG UAG UGA
TAC AAC GTC ATC ACT
ATG TTG CAF TAG TGA

16. AUG UUG CAG UAG UGA
TAC AAC GTC ATC ACT
ATG TTG CAF TAG TGA

17. AUG UUG CAG UAG UGA
TAC AAC GTC ATC ACT
ATG TTG CAF TAG TGA

18. AUG UUG CAG UAG UGA

20. Nuclear Pore
Cytoplasm

21. Nuclear Pore
Cytoplasm

22. Nuclear Pore
Cytoplasm

23. Nuclear Pore
Cytoplasm

26. Amino Acid
U A C
Anti Codon
A U G
U U G
C A G
^START CODON
^
CODONS
U A G U G A
^
^STOP CODON

27. tRNA
A A C
Large subunit of
ribosome
U A C
Small subunit of
ribosome.
A U G
U U G
C A G
^START CODON
^
CODONS
U A G U G A
^
^STOP CODON

28. U A C
A A C
A U G
U U G
C A G
^START CODON
^
CODONS
U A G U G A
^
^STOP CODON

29. Peptide Bond
U A C
G U C
A A C
A U G
U U G
C A G
^START CODON
^
CODONS
U A G U G A
^
^STOP CODON

30. Peptide Bond
U A C
A A C
G U C
A U G
U U G
C A G
^START CODON
^
CODONS
U A G U G A
^
^STOP CODON

31. Peptide Bond
A A C
G U C
A U G
U U G
C A G
^START CODON
^
CODONS
U A G U G A
^
^STOP CODON

32. Peptide Bond
A U C
A A C
G U C
A U G
U U G
C A G
^START CODON
^
CODONS
U A G U G A
^
^STOP CODON

33. Peptide Bond
A U C
A U G
U U G
C A G
^START CODON
^
CODONS
U A G U G A
^
^STOP CODON

34. Peptide Bond
A C U
A U C
A U G
U U G
C A G
^START CODON
^
CODONS
U A G U G A
^
^STOP CODON

35. Peptide Bond
A U C
A C U
A U G
U U G
C A G
^START CODON
^
CODONS
U A G U G A
^
^STOP CODON

36. Peptide Bond
A C U
A U G
U U G
C A G
^START CODON
^
CODONS
U A G U G A
^
^STOP CODON

37. Peptide Bond
A C U
A U G
U U G
C A G
^START CODON
^
CODONS
U A G U G A
^
^STOP CODON

38. Peptide Bond
C U
A U G
U U G
C A G
^START CODON
^
CODONS
U A G U G A
^
^STOP CODON

39. Peptide Bond
A U G
U U G
C A G
^START CODON
^
CODONS
U A G U G A
^
^STOP CODON

40. Peptide Bond
A U G
U U G
C A G
^START CODON
^
CODONS
U A G U G A
^
^STOP CODON

41. Peptide Bond
A U G
U U G
C A G
^START CODON
^
CODONS
U A G U G A
^
^STOP CODON

42. Peptide Bond
A U G
U U G
C A G
^START CODON
^
CODONS
U A G U G A
^
^STOP CODON

43. Peptide Bo
A U G
U U G
C A G
^START CODON
^
CODONS
U A G U G A
^
^STOP CODON

44. A U G
U U G
C A G
^START CODON
^
CODONS
U A G U G A
^
^STOP CODON

53. Final Protein

54. RNA Translation and Transcription
DNA is copied by into mRNA. mRNA then goes
through the ribosome. After it makes Amino
acids and it goes through amino acids make a
protein. The protein folds into a tertiary
structure