Protein Synthesis Flip
Book
By: Josh Godo
Cell Nucleus
Cell Nucleus
Cell Nucleus
Adenine

3

5
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine

3

5
Adenine

3

5
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine

DNA
Polyme
rase

3

5
Adenine

3

5

Guanine
Cytosine

Thymine
DNA
Polyme
rase

3

5
Adenine
DNA
Polyme
rase

5

Guanine

3

Cytosine

Thymine

3

5
Adenine
3

5

Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine

DNA
Polyme
rase

3

5
Adenine

3

5

Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine

DNA
Polyme
rase
3

5
Adenine
3

5

Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine

DNA
Polyme
rase

3

5
Adenine
5
Guanine

3

Cytosine

DNA
Polyme
rase

Thymine

3

5
3

5

3

5

DNA
Polyme
rase
Adenine
5
Guanine

3

DNA
Polyme
rase

Cytosine
Uricil

mRNA Stran

Thymine
is
replaced
by Uricil

3

5
mRNA Strand
mRNA Strand
mRNA Strand
mRNA Strand

Cell Nucleus
Small
Subunit

Large subunit

Ribosomes
mRNA Strand

Cell Nucleus
Small
Subunit

Large subunit

Ribosomes
mRNA Strand

Cell Nucleus
Small
Subunit

Large subunit

Ribosomes
Nuclear Pore
mRNA Strand

Cell Nucleus
Small
Subunit

Large subunit

Ribosomes
mRNA Strand

Cell Nucleus
Small
Subunit

Large subunit

Ribosomes
mRNA Strand

Cell Nucleus
Small
Subunit

Large subunit

Ribosomes
ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
Start Codon

Codon

Codon

Codon Stop Codon
ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
TAC

ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
Amino Acid

TAC

Anti-Codon

ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
TAC

ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
T A CG C A

ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
T A CG C A

ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
T A CG C A A T T

ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
TACGCA ATT

ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
TACGCA ATT

ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
Peptide bond is formed

TAC GCA ATT

ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
TAC GCA ATT

ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
TAC GCA ATT

ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
TAC GCA ATTCTG

ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
TAC GCAATT CTG

ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
TAC GCA ATTCTG

ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
TACGCA ATTCTG

ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
tRNA

TACGCA ATTCTG

This is the
stop codon
TAG

ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
TACGCA ATTCTG

ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
TACGCA ATTCTG

ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
TACGCA ATTCTG

ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
TACGCA ATTCTG

ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
Tertiary structure

TACGCA ATTCTG

ATGCGTTAAGACTAG
• The first steps of protein synthesis starts in the nucleus
of the cell. Inside the nucleus, the double helix DNA is
unwound by RNA polymerase. Once it is unwound an
mRNA strand is made in the nucleus. After it is made it
starts to move out of the nucleus and into the
cytoplasm where the ribosomes are located. The
mRNA makes its way to the ribosomes and the
ribosomes read the strand of mRNA. While it is being
read, amino acids are coming in and attaching to one
another through peptide bonds. After 5 are bonded to
each other, they break off and fold into the tertiary
structure.

Josh.godo protein synthesis