This protein synthesis flip book illustrates the process of transcription and translation. It shows DNA being transcribed into mRNA by RNA polymerase in the nucleus. The mRNA is then transported to the cytoplasm where it passes through ribosomes. During this process, transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules match to the mRNA codons and add amino acids to form a polypeptide chain through peptide bonds. Eventually a full protein is synthesized from the mRNA instructions.

1. Protein Synthesis Flip Book
Ebony Adams

2. Nucleus
Ribosome
Cytoplasm

3. Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Ribosome

4. Nucleus
TAC AAC GTC ATC ACT
ATG TTG CAG TAG TGA
;

5. TAC AAC GTC ATC ACT
ATG TTG CAG TAG TGA

6. TAC AAC GTC ATC ACT
TTG CAG TAG TGA
RNA polymerase
ATG

7. AUG
TAC AAC GTC ATC ACT
TTG CAG TAG TGA
RNA polymerase
ATG

8. AUG UUG
TAC AAC GTC ATC ACT
CAG TAG TGA
RNA polymerase
ATG TTG

9. AUG UUG CAG
TAC AAC GTC ATC ACT
TAG TGA
RNA polymerase
ATG TTG CGA

10. AUG UUG CAG UAG
TAC AAC GTC ATC ACT
TGA
RNA polymerase
ATG TTG CGA TAG

11. AUG UUG CAG UAG UGA
TAC AAC GTC ATC ACT
ATG TTG CGA TAG TGA

12. AUG UUG CAG UAG UGA

14. Nuclear Pore
Cytoplasm

20. Amino Acid
Anti Codon
U A C
A UG
^ Start Codon
U UG
^
C A G
Codons
UAG UGA
^
^ Stop Codon

21. U A C
A UG
^ Start Codon
U UG
^
C A G
Codons
UAG UGA
^
^ Stop Codon

22. tRNA
Large Subunit of a
ribosome
A A C
small Subunit of a
ribosome
U A C
A UG
^ Start Codon
U UG
^
C A G
Codons
UAG UGA
^
^ Stop Codon

23. U A C
A A C
A UG
U UG
^ Start Codon
^
C A G
Codons
UAG UGA
^
^ Stop Codon

24. Peptide Bond
G UC
U A C
A A C
A UG
^ Start Codon
U UG
^
C A G
Codons
UAG UGA
^
^ Stop Codon

25. Peptide Bond
A C
G UC
A A C
A UG
^ Start Codon
U UG
^
C A G
Codons
UAG UGA
^
^ Stop Codon

26. Peptide Bond
A A C
G UC
A UG
^ Start Codon
U UG
^
C A G
Codons
UAG UGA
^
^ Stop Codon

27. Peptide Bond
A U C
A A C
G UC
A UG
^ Start Codon
U UG
^
C A G
Codons
UAG UGA
^
^ Stop Codon

28. Peptide Bond
G UC
A U C
A UG
^ Start Codon
U UG
^
C A G
Codons
UAG UGA
^
^ Stop Codon

29. Peptide Bond
G UC
A C U
A U C
A UG
^ Start Codon
U UG
^
C A G
Codons
UAG UGA
^
^ Stop Codon

30. Peptide Bond
A U C
A C U
A UG
^ Start Codon
U UG
^
C A G
Codons
UAG UGA
^
^ Stop Codon

31. Peptide Bond
A U C
A C U
A UG
^ Start Codon
U UG
^
C A G
Codons
UAG UGA
^
^ Stop Codon

32. Peptide Bond
A C U
A UG
^ Start Codon
U UG
^
C A G
Codons
UAG UGA
^
^ Stop Codon

33. Peptide Bond
A C U
A UG
^ Start Codon
U UG
^
C A G
Codons
UAG UGA
^
^ Stop Codon

34. Peptide Bond
A UG
^ Start Codon
U UG
^
C A G
Codons
UAG UGA
^
^ Stop Codon

35. Peptide Bond
A UG
^ Start Codon
U UG
^
C A G
Codons
UAG UGA
^
^ Stop Codon

36. Peptide Bond
A UG
^ Start Codon
U UG
^
C A G
Codons
UAG UGA
^
^ Stop Codon

37. Peptide Bond
A UG
^ Start Codon
U UG
^
C A G
Codons
UAG UGA
^
^ Stop Codon

42. Final protein

43. The summary of RNA translation and
transcription is that DNA is copied by into and
mRNA. That mRNA goes through the ribosome.
After it makes Amino acids and it goes through
and the amino acids make a protein. The protein
folds into a tertiary structure.