• Solar resource assessment
• Determination of profitability of a PV plant
• Selection and optimization of the site.
• Selection of components (Inverters, Modules, Protection and Wiring, Grounding, Transformers, Metering, Grid Connection)
• Advanced calculations : Estimated losses; Shading study, etc
• Electrical diagrams
In spite of the high cost of solar technologies and policy of government, investment in the solar power generation is the good pay off due to the noise free and pollution free solar energy.
• Solar resource assessment
• Determination of profitability of a PV plant
• Selection and optimization of the site.
• Selection of components (Inverters, Modules, Protection and Wiring, Grounding, Transformers, Metering, Grid Connection)
• Advanced calculations : Estimated losses; Shading study, etc
• Electrical diagrams
In spite of the high cost of solar technologies and policy of government, investment in the solar power generation is the good pay off due to the noise free and pollution free solar energy.
Solar PV O&M looks easy however maintaining a Solar PV Plant at top performance is a task and based on the experience of Solarig-Gensol in maintaining a 2 GW portfolio of solar plants in India, here are some basics on Solar O&M.
Presentation has the following contents:
a) Balancing Soiling Losses with case study
b) Monitoring & Corrective Maintenance
c) Performance Ratio & Uptime Guarantee
d) Impact of O&M on IRR
Basic introduction to solar PV System Presentation.
The need for renewable energy resources has never been bigger than today and so is a lot of research going to match this high energy demand. Solar PV Array technology is one such technique which can actually make the effective use of solar energy available to us.
On Grid Solar System to Create your own Electricityrenewgreensolar
Like Off grid solar system, On Grid Solar System do not stores generated electricity in batteries. Instead of storing electricity its is directly used to powering the lights, appliances and electronic devices in your home. know more about On Grid Solar System @ http://www.renewgreen.in/business-solution-power-system-on-grid.php
Project Proposal on 10 MW Solar PV Power PlantVignesh Sekar
By installing and successfully operating 10 MW photovoltaic (PV) power plants will deliver electricity for consumption by the owners, the relevant peoples in the project assessment place will be made aware of the technical and economic potential of solar power generation. Furthermore, the power required from the public grid will be reduced, and overall expenditure on electric power will be lowered & our project aims to create the necessary awareness among the population, and especially among policy-makers and large investors, Youngsters.....
What services should a solar project developer expect from solar park & how much each service can be valued.
The ppt clears concept on value add by solar park.
FirstGreen Consulting is a company working in the area of renewable energy, energy efficiency and climate change
The team has extensive experience in handling the Renewable, and energy efficiency projects
FirstGreen is providing energy sector consultancy in the sustainable energy, with expertise ranging from carbon advisory to technical consulting, to project implementation and project management.
A short presentation about solar energy, renewable energy, advantages and disadvantages of solar energy, applications of solar energy. Life of earth.
Non-renewable energy and disadvantages of non renewable energy.
A Delay of a single day for a 10 MW plant can lead to a loss of Rs. 6.5 Lacs ($110,000) in addition to Statutory Losses. Here, we explore typical project execution timelines and possible reasons for delay. The presentation talks about Lead Times of Equipment, Key vendors, Permits Required, Construction & Engineering related delays and finally, gives recommendations on how to keep project on track.
Designed a complete system of solar cell arrays required for a commercial complex. Researched and derived mathematical equations to install the system using given budget constraints. Made CAD drawings of the arrangement of inverter arrays required for installing the system.
Overview of Solar Power Plant .
Explaining various components working & Use in Solar Power Plant that is used for Commercial Purpose be it industries or any Other commercial organisation .
Photovoltaic Training - Session 4 - Plant MaintenanceLeonardo ENERGY
Importance of good maintenance procedure in the plant operation.
•
Components to be maintained.
o
PV Panel.
o
Inverter.
o
Transformer.
o
Solar tracker.
o
Cabinet.
•
Types of maintenance
o
Corrective maintenance.
o
Preventive Maintenance.
•
Supplies.
o
Critical elements.
o
Guarantees.
•
Management of spare parts and stock.
•
Types of inspections and reach
o
Visual inspections.
o
Deep inspections.
o
Frequency of revisions.
Solar PV O&M looks easy however maintaining a Solar PV Plant at top performance is a task and based on the experience of Solarig-Gensol in maintaining a 2 GW portfolio of solar plants in India, here are some basics on Solar O&M.
Presentation has the following contents:
a) Balancing Soiling Losses with case study
b) Monitoring & Corrective Maintenance
c) Performance Ratio & Uptime Guarantee
d) Impact of O&M on IRR
Basic introduction to solar PV System Presentation.
The need for renewable energy resources has never been bigger than today and so is a lot of research going to match this high energy demand. Solar PV Array technology is one such technique which can actually make the effective use of solar energy available to us.
On Grid Solar System to Create your own Electricityrenewgreensolar
Like Off grid solar system, On Grid Solar System do not stores generated electricity in batteries. Instead of storing electricity its is directly used to powering the lights, appliances and electronic devices in your home. know more about On Grid Solar System @ http://www.renewgreen.in/business-solution-power-system-on-grid.php
Project Proposal on 10 MW Solar PV Power PlantVignesh Sekar
By installing and successfully operating 10 MW photovoltaic (PV) power plants will deliver electricity for consumption by the owners, the relevant peoples in the project assessment place will be made aware of the technical and economic potential of solar power generation. Furthermore, the power required from the public grid will be reduced, and overall expenditure on electric power will be lowered & our project aims to create the necessary awareness among the population, and especially among policy-makers and large investors, Youngsters.....
What services should a solar project developer expect from solar park & how much each service can be valued.
The ppt clears concept on value add by solar park.
FirstGreen Consulting is a company working in the area of renewable energy, energy efficiency and climate change
The team has extensive experience in handling the Renewable, and energy efficiency projects
FirstGreen is providing energy sector consultancy in the sustainable energy, with expertise ranging from carbon advisory to technical consulting, to project implementation and project management.
A short presentation about solar energy, renewable energy, advantages and disadvantages of solar energy, applications of solar energy. Life of earth.
Non-renewable energy and disadvantages of non renewable energy.
A Delay of a single day for a 10 MW plant can lead to a loss of Rs. 6.5 Lacs ($110,000) in addition to Statutory Losses. Here, we explore typical project execution timelines and possible reasons for delay. The presentation talks about Lead Times of Equipment, Key vendors, Permits Required, Construction & Engineering related delays and finally, gives recommendations on how to keep project on track.
Designed a complete system of solar cell arrays required for a commercial complex. Researched and derived mathematical equations to install the system using given budget constraints. Made CAD drawings of the arrangement of inverter arrays required for installing the system.
Overview of Solar Power Plant .
Explaining various components working & Use in Solar Power Plant that is used for Commercial Purpose be it industries or any Other commercial organisation .
Photovoltaic Training - Session 4 - Plant MaintenanceLeonardo ENERGY
Importance of good maintenance procedure in the plant operation.
•
Components to be maintained.
o
PV Panel.
o
Inverter.
o
Transformer.
o
Solar tracker.
o
Cabinet.
•
Types of maintenance
o
Corrective maintenance.
o
Preventive Maintenance.
•
Supplies.
o
Critical elements.
o
Guarantees.
•
Management of spare parts and stock.
•
Types of inspections and reach
o
Visual inspections.
o
Deep inspections.
o
Frequency of revisions.
On-grid PV Opportunities in University Campuses: A case study at Nazarbayev U...Luis Ram Rojas-Sol
The universities around the world are taking every day a more decisive role in fighting global warming. Indeed,
many campuses are not only teaching established and disrupting clean energy technologies, but also are practicing
their lectures. For example, the University of Arizona, USA, leads the campuses with 28 MW of installed On-Grid
PV systems (http://www.aashe.org/resources/campus-solar-photovoltaic-installations/top10/). Furthermore,
campuses of emerging universities, as Nazarbayev University (NU), located in Astana, Kazakhstan, which is
developing with the firm aim to become a leader world class research university in the heart of Eurasia, are taking
this commitment as well. Additionally, being Kazakhstan the host of EXPO-2017 which has the motto: ¨Future
Energy¨, it is natural to evaluate if NU campus would be a good candidate to support and exhibit, with demonstrated
technical and economic advantages, its own On-Grid PV in-campus system. Therefore, in this investigation, a
feasibility study of installing PV panels on the rooftop of School of Engineering at NU is carried out. A 24 kWp rooftop
PV installation with a 14.7% capacity factor, capable to export 31 MWh of electricity to the grid per year, is assumed
to be the system for the purpose of this analysis. The financial analysis has a horizon of 20-year lifetime and 25%
debt ratio financed at 15% interest over 20 years. Selection of appropriate equipment and calculation of financial
outcomes under three different scenarios or policy options are presented. The policies or scenarios corresponded
to having or not government grants (GG) and having attractive Feed-in-Tariff (FIT) rates in order to determine their
financial benefits. The GG scenario was stretched up to consider 30% of the total project cost and FIT was varied
from current offered FIT rate by KEGOC (Kazakhstan utility company) of 36,410 KZT/MWh to a more attractive rate
of 70,000 KZT/MWh. Results demonstrate that current scenario of FIT is marginally favorable (IRR on Equity: 15.1%,
Benefit-Cost Ratio: 1.37, Equity Payback: 8.8 years), while the 30% of incentives on top of current FIT moderatedly
improves the benefits of the project (IRR on Equity: 20.9%, Benefit-Cost Ratio: 1.47, Equity Payback: 7.2 years).
Nevertheless, upgrading current FIT to 70,000 KZT/MWh, even without incentives, proved to be enough to
dramatically improve the outcome of the project for investors (IRR-Equity > 28%, Equity Payback of 5 years and
Benefit-Cost ratio > 3.6), demonstrating that with a subtle change in policies, Nazarbayev University as many other
campuses in the country, may easily justify the investment in their On-Grid PV systems and therefore, become part
of the “green” universities in the world with direct contribution to tackle climate change.
Solitis Electrical Solutions Pvt. Ltd. is multi-disciplined management and engineering consultancy in Pune, Maharashtra that provides complete electrical engineering design and project management services. We are also actively involved in trading of electrical equipment and components along with consultancy.
Inverted Energy: Energy Storage Case Study Inverted2019
We built Inverted Energy to be a facilitator in the global shift towards future mobility and energy storage.
With a mission to accelerate the world's transition to sustainable energy, we have developed commercially advanced clean energy technologies, promotion sustainability by working with organisations in building energy storage projects with innovative technologies to move India forward.
We aim to democratise energy access through innovation in energy storage technology. #GoBeyond the Ordinary
Beginning from understanding the need to shift from conventional energy sources to Renewable Energy Sources (RES), the presentation talks about various technical and economic challenges faced in the process of increasing its penetration into the grid. The later half of the presentation describes various solar policies both at National (JNNSM) and State levels in India with emphasis on Gujarat and Karnataka state solar policies.
Michael Reese - Electric and Thermal Energy Strategies for Minnesota Swine FarmsJohn Blue
Businesses Decision on Electric and Thermal Energy Strategies for Minnesota Swine Farms - Michael Reese, University of Minnesota, from the 2017 Minnesota Pork Congress, January 17 - 18, 2017, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2017-minnesota-pork-congress
This ppt covers how to reduce the electricity bills ..
And what is the procedure & installations process..its covers total solar panals to generation of electricity
This is second part of the presentation on Energy conservation efforts made in secretariat building in Gandhinagar. Presentation was made on Energy Conservation Day at Gujarat State Center, The Institution of Engineers (India) at Ahmedabad.
Project of a solar system on the roof of the house of Santa ClausEasySolar
As we know, Santa's gift factory requires a lot of energy. And what if it would be powered by solar panels? How much energy could Santa Claus produce in his house at the North Pole, where the sun doesn't set for half a year?
Project and report made by EasySolar Premium app.
http://web.easysolar-app.com.
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Similar to Financial analysis of 1 MW Solar PV plant (20)
The presentation covers asynchronous sequential circuit analysis; Map, transition table, flow table. It also covers asynchronous circuit design process and race conditions
synchronous Sequential circuit counters and registersDr Naim R Kidwai
The presentation covers, synchronous sequential circuits; registers and counters. design of registers, shift registers are explained. Design of counter, synchronous and ripple counter is demostrated.
The presentation covers clocked sequential circuit analysis and design process demonstrated with example. State reduction and state assignment is design is also described.
The presentation covers synchronous sequential circuit elements; latch and Flip flops, SR Flip flop, JK Flip flop, T flip flop, D Flip flop, race around condition, Edge triggered flip flop
The presentation covers sampling theorem, ideal sampling, flat top sampling, natural sampling, reconstruction of signals from samples, aliasing effect, zero order hold, upsampling, downsampling, and discrete time processing of continuous time signals.
The presentation covers financial feasibility of projects, payback analysis, NPV analysis or discounted cash flow analysis, IRR analysis, Benefit to cost ratio analysis, B/C pitfalls, ROI
The presentation covers infrastructure project financing, typical configurations, key project parties, project contracts, It explains financing of a power project, security mechanism, SPV payment hierarchy and risk mitigation mechanism
The presentation covers project financing, capital structure, key factors in determining debt equity ratio, menu of financing, sources of capital, internal accruals, equity capital, preference capital, debenture or bonds, methods of offering, term loan, working capital advances, project financing structures,
The presentation covers project constraints: project dependence, capital rationing, project invisibility. It covers comparing project under constraints: methods of ranking, ranking conflicts,
Nec 602 unit ii Random Variables and Random processDr Naim R Kidwai
The presentation explains concept of Probability, random variable, statistical averages, correlation, sum of random Variables, Central Limit Theorem,
random process, classification of random processes, power spectral density, multiple random processes.
The presentation describes Measures of Information, entropy, source coding, source coding theorem, huffman coding, shanon fano coding, channel capacity theorem, capacity of a discrete and continuous memoryless channel, Error Free Communication over a Noisy Channel
Rec101 unit ii (part 2) bjt biasing and re modelDr Naim R Kidwai
The presentation covers BJT Biasing: Operating Point or Q point, Fixed-Bias, Emitter Bias, Voltage-Divider Bias, Collector Feedback bias, Emitter-Follower bias, common base bias, bias Stabilization and re model of CB/ CE/ CC configuration
The presentation covers, Field Effect Transistor: Construction and Characteristic of JFETs, dc biasing of CS, ac analysis of CS amplifier, MOSFET (Depletion and Enhancement)Type, Transfer Characteristic
The presentation covers Bipolar Junction Transistor: Construction, Operation, Transistor configurations and input / output characteristics; Common Base, Common Emitter, and Common Collector
The presentation explains elements of communication system, need of the modulation, types of modulation, basic signals, fundamentals of amplitude modulation/ demodulation, envelope detector, DSB_SC, SSB, VSB and comparison of modulation techniques
The presentation covers digital Voltmeter, RAMP Techniques, digital Multi-meters. It also covers Oscilloscope; Introduction and Basic Principle, CRT, Measurement of voltage, current, phase and frequency using CRO, Introduction of Digital Storage Oscilloscope and its comparison over analogue CRO
Water billing management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project entitled “Water Billing Management System” aims is to generate Water bill with all the charges and penalty. Manual system that is employed is extremely laborious and quite inadequate. It only makes the process more difficult and hard.
The aim of our project is to develop a system that is meant to partially computerize the work performed in the Water Board like generating monthly Water bill, record of consuming unit of water, store record of the customer and previous unpaid record.
We used HTML/PHP as front end and MYSQL as back end for developing our project. HTML is primarily a visual design environment. We can create a android application by designing the form and that make up the user interface. Adding android application code to the form and the objects such as buttons and text boxes on them and adding any required support code in additional modular.
MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software. It is a stable ,reliable and the powerful solution with the advanced features and advantages which are as follows: Data Security.MySQL is free open source database that facilitates the effective management of the databases by connecting them to the software.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
An Approach to Detecting Writing Styles Based on Clustering Techniquesambekarshweta25
An Approach to Detecting Writing Styles Based on Clustering Techniques
Authors:
-Devkinandan Jagtap
-Shweta Ambekar
-Harshit Singh
-Nakul Sharma (Assistant Professor)
Institution:
VIIT Pune, India
Abstract:
This paper proposes a system to differentiate between human-generated and AI-generated texts using stylometric analysis. The system analyzes text files and classifies writing styles by employing various clustering algorithms, such as k-means, k-means++, hierarchical, and DBSCAN. The effectiveness of these algorithms is measured using silhouette scores. The system successfully identifies distinct writing styles within documents, demonstrating its potential for plagiarism detection.
Introduction:
Stylometry, the study of linguistic and structural features in texts, is used for tasks like plagiarism detection, genre separation, and author verification. This paper leverages stylometric analysis to identify different writing styles and improve plagiarism detection methods.
Methodology:
The system includes data collection, preprocessing, feature extraction, dimensional reduction, machine learning models for clustering, and performance comparison using silhouette scores. Feature extraction focuses on lexical features, vocabulary richness, and readability scores. The study uses a small dataset of texts from various authors and employs algorithms like k-means, k-means++, hierarchical clustering, and DBSCAN for clustering.
Results:
Experiments show that the system effectively identifies writing styles, with silhouette scores indicating reasonable to strong clustering when k=2. As the number of clusters increases, the silhouette scores decrease, indicating a drop in accuracy. K-means and k-means++ perform similarly, while hierarchical clustering is less optimized.
Conclusion and Future Work:
The system works well for distinguishing writing styles with two clusters but becomes less accurate as the number of clusters increases. Future research could focus on adding more parameters and optimizing the methodology to improve accuracy with higher cluster values. This system can enhance existing plagiarism detection tools, especially in academic settings.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
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Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
HEAP SORT ILLUSTRATED WITH HEAPIFY, BUILD HEAP FOR DYNAMIC ARRAYS.
Heap sort is a comparison-based sorting technique based on Binary Heap data structure. It is similar to the selection sort where we first find the minimum element and place the minimum element at the beginning. Repeat the same process for the remaining elements.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
2. Background
Solar energy is free source of energy
Solar radiation on earth surface per hour is equal to total
power consumption of earth for whole year.
Grid power in India is polluting, unreliable and inefficient
Solar energy is a renewable, clean alternative to fossil fuels.
solar energy is converted into electricity by using either photo-
voltaic or solar thermal
3. A modest 2.5kw solar power system can have over its
lifetime equivalent to
300 barrels of oil not produced
270,000 miles not driven
1,100 lbs of acid rain emissions not discharged
550 lbs of smog emissions not produced
220,000 lbs of greenhouse gases not emitted
equivalent to planting 500 trees.
Solar Energy vs Convectional Energy
4. •Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (MNRE, Govt of
India) launched in, 2010 by the Prime Minister, a target of
deploying 20,000 MW of grid connected solar power by
2022. It is enhanced by new government to 100,000 MW.
Target by 2022 Old
Revised
•Solar power 20,000 MW 100,000 MW
•Wind Energy 38500 MW 60,000 MW
• Others 13500 MW 15,000 MW
•Total 72,000 MW 175,000 MW
5. Incentives to Solar power plant
• Various incentives offered by central and state government, few
of them are
• Benefit in land registration for solar power plant
• 15-30 % subsidy for sanctioned project for equipments.
• Support in grid connectivity
• Depreciation benefits
6. 1MW SPV Power Plant : Initial casting
Sr No Item Unit @ rate
Cost
(lac)
1Land 6 Acre 600000 36
2Modules 1100000Watt 33 363
3Civil Structure 60,500Kg 66 44
4Inverter 1100000VA 11 121
5Transformer 1 27,00,000 27
6Protective devices 1 10
7Wires, Cables 10
8SCADA/RMS 10
9Installation 10
10Legal & official work 24
11Grid Evacuation 10
12Execution & commisioning 30
Total 695
7. 1MW SPV Power Plant : Financial
Plant Capacity 1000 KW
Plant Cost (in lacs) 0.695 lac/KW 695
Equity 30% 208.5
Debt 70% 486.5
Interst rate 12% 1.01
Payment Period (yrs) 9 108
EMI 7.3871
Maintenance & Manpower 3%
P V of Inverter Cost 132
Price reduction rate of Inverter 2%
• Area Shade free 3 Acre Only 80% of the input area is considered to adjust for potential
shaded areas
• Maintenance & Manpower 4% of project cost, with annual escalation of 5%
• Inverter lifespan is 10 years, with 2.00% annual cost reduction (110 % of capacity, @Rs 11/W)
• Accelerated depreciation is at 80.00%. It is assumed that the entire benefit of accelerated
depreciation can be claimed
• Corporate tax rate 35%
• Plant generation 4.7 kWh per KW per day, with 1% annual panel degradation and 10%
losses10%
• Debt service calculation assumes 70.00% debt; 2.00% interest rate; 9-year loan term with no
moratorium; repayable monthly through EMI
• Tariff 7.5 /KWH through PPA for 12 years
• Annual inflation 7%
10. 1MW SPV Power Plant : Financial
• Initial Investment : 6.950 crore
Equity : 2.085 crore
Debt : 4.865 crore
• Present Value of Investment : 12.56 crore
• Present Value of earning (PPA & REC) : 17.36 crore
• Present Value of Profit before tax :4.80 crore
• Payback period : 6 years
• Levelized cost of power : Rs 3.28/unit
• After payback period capacity enhancement of another 1 MW in same land can be
done with maintenance covered by first project
(conservative estimate of earning is made. No incentive by government is considered
in investment)