This proposal outlines a 1 MWp solar power plant in Vadodara, Gujarat, India. The key details include:
1) The plant will be grid-connected and use poly-crystalline solar modules covering an area of 5.5-6 acres (1.25 lac sq feet).
2) The main components will be the solar PV array, inverters, monitoring systems, and a substation.
3) A maintenance contract is proposed to include performance monitoring, preventative maintenance, corrective maintenance and other services.
4) An implementation schedule and project management approach is outlined, along with procurement, integration plans and budgets.
Project Proposal on 10 MW Solar PV Power PlantVignesh Sekar
By installing and successfully operating 10 MW photovoltaic (PV) power plants will deliver electricity for consumption by the owners, the relevant peoples in the project assessment place will be made aware of the technical and economic potential of solar power generation. Furthermore, the power required from the public grid will be reduced, and overall expenditure on electric power will be lowered & our project aims to create the necessary awareness among the population, and especially among policy-makers and large investors, Youngsters.....
This document contains a SWOT analysis of 10 MW solar power plant designing project and basic procedures to take before implementing a such power plant design project. Application structures are also included in the document.
Project Proposal on 10 MW Solar PV Power PlantVignesh Sekar
By installing and successfully operating 10 MW photovoltaic (PV) power plants will deliver electricity for consumption by the owners, the relevant peoples in the project assessment place will be made aware of the technical and economic potential of solar power generation. Furthermore, the power required from the public grid will be reduced, and overall expenditure on electric power will be lowered & our project aims to create the necessary awareness among the population, and especially among policy-makers and large investors, Youngsters.....
This document contains a SWOT analysis of 10 MW solar power plant designing project and basic procedures to take before implementing a such power plant design project. Application structures are also included in the document.
• Solar resource assessment
• Determination of profitability of a PV plant
• Selection and optimization of the site.
• Selection of components (Inverters, Modules, Protection and Wiring, Grounding, Transformers, Metering, Grid Connection)
• Advanced calculations : Estimated losses; Shading study, etc
• Electrical diagrams
Photovoltaic Training - Session 3 - Plant OperationLeonardo ENERGY
Control systems and telecommunications.
Components and infrastructure needed to control systems
Monitoring and troubleshooting
Management of information obtained by the control system
Management and alarms.
Sending information for maintenance purposes.
Security of the Installation.
Fundamental characteristics required in a surveillance system.
Protection systems against theft.
Anti‐intrusion systems.
CCTV and video surveillance.
e‐Rounds.
Remote control systems.
Security in PV roofs.
Performance paramter and suggestion to optizing the performnce of grid connec...Ashish Verma
performance evaluation of Solar PV plant ,in term of technology , financial investment , research and development is very important for growth of Solar PV Industry .
A Delay of a single day for a 10 MW plant can lead to a loss of Rs. 6.5 Lacs ($110,000) in addition to Statutory Losses. Here, we explore typical project execution timelines and possible reasons for delay. The presentation talks about Lead Times of Equipment, Key vendors, Permits Required, Construction & Engineering related delays and finally, gives recommendations on how to keep project on track.
Solar PV O&M looks easy however maintaining a Solar PV Plant at top performance is a task and based on the experience of Solarig-Gensol in maintaining a 2 GW portfolio of solar plants in India, here are some basics on Solar O&M.
Presentation has the following contents:
a) Balancing Soiling Losses with case study
b) Monitoring & Corrective Maintenance
c) Performance Ratio & Uptime Guarantee
d) Impact of O&M on IRR
• Solar resource assessment
• Determination of profitability of a PV plant
• Selection and optimization of the site.
• Selection of components (Inverters, Modules, Protection and Wiring, Grounding, Transformers, Metering, Grid Connection)
• Advanced calculations : Estimated losses; Shading study, etc
• Electrical diagrams
Photovoltaic Training - Session 3 - Plant OperationLeonardo ENERGY
Control systems and telecommunications.
Components and infrastructure needed to control systems
Monitoring and troubleshooting
Management of information obtained by the control system
Management and alarms.
Sending information for maintenance purposes.
Security of the Installation.
Fundamental characteristics required in a surveillance system.
Protection systems against theft.
Anti‐intrusion systems.
CCTV and video surveillance.
e‐Rounds.
Remote control systems.
Security in PV roofs.
Performance paramter and suggestion to optizing the performnce of grid connec...Ashish Verma
performance evaluation of Solar PV plant ,in term of technology , financial investment , research and development is very important for growth of Solar PV Industry .
A Delay of a single day for a 10 MW plant can lead to a loss of Rs. 6.5 Lacs ($110,000) in addition to Statutory Losses. Here, we explore typical project execution timelines and possible reasons for delay. The presentation talks about Lead Times of Equipment, Key vendors, Permits Required, Construction & Engineering related delays and finally, gives recommendations on how to keep project on track.
Solar PV O&M looks easy however maintaining a Solar PV Plant at top performance is a task and based on the experience of Solarig-Gensol in maintaining a 2 GW portfolio of solar plants in India, here are some basics on Solar O&M.
Presentation has the following contents:
a) Balancing Soiling Losses with case study
b) Monitoring & Corrective Maintenance
c) Performance Ratio & Uptime Guarantee
d) Impact of O&M on IRR
Request for Proposal (RfP) For Installation of 2 MW Canal Top Grid connecte...Harish Sharma
Request for Proposal (RfP/PV/RREC/Canal top) invited by RREC on behalf of
Water Resource Department, GoR/ IGN Board and Discoms of Rajasthan for selection
of developers for setting up of 2MW Grid connected Solar PV Plant on canal top to
be connected on 11kV level at Discoms 33/11kV Substation in Rajasthan under
Rajasthan Solar Energy Policy, 2014 for sale of power to Rajasthan Discoms
through tariff based competitive bidding process. "EnvironmentFirst Energy Services Pvt. Ltd." is facilitating the bid documentation for the successful project allocation. You contact us at info@environmentfirst.in
Tender Document for 1 MW Solar at DamanHeadway Solar
Tender Document for 1 MW Solar at Daman. Issued by Electricity Department of Daman and Diu.
This document is not a work of Headway Solar (http://headwaysolar.com/) and it has been released here for the benefit of the general public.
On July 26, 2013 The Solar Foundation, through the support of the DOE Solar Outreach Partnership, participated in a panel on sustainable schools and presented ways to deploy solar energy on schools around the nation at the 2013 National Convening of the Young Elected Officials.
Tender Document for Solar Power Plant in Gujarat Part 1Headway Solar
Tender Document for Solar Power Plant in Gujarat. Released by GEDA.
This document is not a work of Headway Solar (http://headwaysolar.com/) and it has been released here for the benefit of the general public.
This National Policy on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency was prepared under the
leadership and expertise of Professor Adesoji Adelaja, the John A. Hannah Distinguished
Professor in Land Policy at Michigan State University. The insights of Professor Chinedu
Nebo, Honourable Minister of Power; Honourable Mohammed Wakil, Minister of State for
Power; Ambassador (Dr.) Godknows Igali, Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Power;
the staff of Department of Electrical and Inspectorate Services of the Federal Ministry of
Power; and the consultants provided by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale
Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) are greatly appreciated. Inputs from the National Electricity
Regulatory Commission (NERC), Energy Commission of Nigeria (ECN), the UK Department
for International Development (DFID) and advisers from the Federal Ministry of
Environment, Federal Ministry of Petroleum Resources, Federal Ministry of Science and
Technology, Federal Ministry of Water Resources, and other members of the Interministerial
committee on Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency (ICREEE)
Maintaining Reliability in the Modern Power System Maintaining Reliability in the Modern Power System Maintaining Reliability in the Modern Power System Maintaining Reliability in the Modern Power System Maintaining Reliability in the Modern Power System Maintaining Reliability in the Modern Power System Maintaining Reliability in the Modern Power System Maintaining Reliability in the Modern Power System Maintaining Reliability in the Modern Power System Maintaining Reliability in the Modern Power System Maintaining Reliability in the Modern Power System Maintaining Reliability in the Modern Power System Maintaining Reliability in the Modern Power System Maintaining Reliability in the Modern Power System Maintaining Reliability in the Modern Power System Maintaining Reliability in the Modern Power System Maintaining Reliability in the Modern Power System Maintaining Reliability in the Modern Power System Maintaining Reliability in the Modern Power System Maintaining Reliability in the Modern Power System Maintaining Reliability in the Modern Power System
Official Document of the Solar Power Policy of Andhra Pradesh 2015.
This document is not a work of Headway Solar (http://headwaysolar.com/) and it has been released here for the benefit of the general public.
India's National Solar Mission - Phase 1 GuidelinesHeadway Solar
India launched the National Solar Mission (NSM) in 2009, aiming 20GW grid-connected solar capacity by 2022. This document was released by the Ministry of New & Renewable Energy, India, and contains the guidelines for project allotment under Phase 1 of the NSM, through public-private partnership.
This document is not a work of Headway Solar (http://headwaysolar.com/) and it has been released here for the benefit of the general public.
Solar energy is one of the most promising sources of renewable energy. It is abundant, clean, and renewable, and it can be used to generate electricity, heat, and light. Solar energy is also becoming increasingly cost-effective, making it an attractive option for businesses and homeowners alike. The potential for solar energy is vast, and the opportunities for its use are growing.
Solar energy can be used to generate electricity in a variety of ways. Photovoltaic (PV) systems convert sunlight directly into electricity, while concentrating solar power (CSP) systems use mirrors to concentrate the sun’s energy and generate heat that can be used to produce electricity. Solar energy can also be used to heat water for domestic use, and to provide hot water for industrial processes.
The potential for solar energy is immense. Solar energy can be used to power homes, businesses, and entire communities. It can also be used to provide electricity to remote areas that are not connected to the grid. Solar energy can also be used to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and help reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
The opportunities for solar energy are growing. Governments around the world are investing in solar energy, and businesses are beginning to recognize the potential of solar energy. As the cost of solar energy continues to decrease, more people and businesses will be able to take advantage of its benefits.
This Report on Financing Solar Energy provides policy recommendations to enable low cost financing and greater accessibility to finance for Solar Energy projects in India. The paper also highlights the barriers to financing for solar energy projects, the financing needs of the sector based on base case and best case scenarios, and the solutions to channel cost effective finance to the sector.
High Efficiency - A Green Revolution In Dc PowerEltek
An Eltek Valere Whitepaper:
How a revolution in DC Power Systems can reduce electricity usage and carbon emissions.
energy for the Telecom Industry.
For more information, visit www.eltekvalere.com
We have a wide experience of Solar PV Power Plant design, engineering, product selection, installation commission and execution for more than 12 years.
We serve for more than 11000+ satisfy customers for domestic, commercial and industrial solar applications.
We installed more than 100+ MW PV Solar Projects of rooftop, ground mounted or else floating.
Our HotLine 9998931555 always available for support, services and technical guidelines.
Thanks For LOBEL SOLAR
www.lobelpower.com
We have a wide experience of Solar PV Power Plant design, engineering, product selection, installation commission and execution for more than 12 years.
We serve for more than 11000+ satisfy customers for domestic, commercial and industrial solar applications.
We installed more than 100+ MW PV Solar Projects of rooftop, ground mounted or else floating.
Our HotLine 9998931555 always available for support, services and technical guidelines.
Thanks For LOBEL SOLAR
www.lobelpower.com
Solar 5G Pro Inverter
💯% Ksolare GTI
-4, 4.2, 7 kw (1mppt) available
-3.4, 4.4, & 5.4 kw also available
-Wide V range for Rural
-Wide solar MPPT range for better generation
-Voice command app
-Latest 3 later topology
-200mhz for fast response
-5g Pro less than 1% failure ratio
-Lodge a complaint on easy app for fast resolve
-Local service Center
-💯% Made In 🇮🇳
(LifeTime Server Too)
-7 years warranty
(*extended 12 years)
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-Inbuild DCDB if required
Call now & Avail Special discount for prebook 📞9898289831
List out the current need here: https://wa.me/message/JYSCRZ4ZX5N4B1 🫥
Solar Mega HV Features :
Max Efficiency 99.09 % helps for higher energy.
Dynamic Intelligent cooling system lower down the separate use and increases the efficiency.
Wide range of MPPT helps in maintaining same Inverter and Panels for Entire project life.
200% DC/AC Ratio for more overloading with same design.
Max DC Input Power with 12MPPT & 24 Strings with Individual string monitoring PLC control monitor for large utility scale project.
PID Integration: To increase system power generation (Optional).
Night SVG function for correction of Grid Abnormalities.
Reactive power compensation for stabilization of Grid.
Supporting high-power Mono perc ,Bi-Facial modules and high current panels.
IP66 Protection for use in harsh climatic conditions.
Onsite & Offsite Protection with RMS via Bluetooth/WIFI/GPRS/485 Connectivity.
Protection for Earthing leakage AC, Isolation leakage DC.
Using Low RFI & EMI Filters, Fuses, Type II SPD's for both AC/DC side.
Compatible with Al & Cu cable with on board Round type LUG connectors Component level Servicing with 24/7 real time monitoring.
String Level Monitoring : Remote Firmware Upgradation to repair & set all parameter remotely
We have a wide experience of Solar PV Power Plant design, engineering, product selection, installation commission and execution for more than 10 years.
We serve for more than 11000+ satisfy customers for domestic, commercial and industrial solar applications.
We installed more than 100+ MW PV Solar Projects of rooftop, ground mounted or else floating.
Our HotLine 9998931555 always available for support, services and technical guidelines.
Thanks For LOBEL SOLAR
www.lobelpower.com
Special Thanks to all the customers to make us the highest solar plant installer and largest domestic number of projects and step ahead towards clean and green smart INDIA…
Hotline 9998931555
Power Plant EPC Service
We provide consultancy with Technical design and complete Project Management.
Lobel-Captive-Solar-Plant
Captive Solar Power Plant (Commercial & Industrial)
The generated power (own renewable power) can be utilized for self-consumption of industries and any other commercial purpose like hospitals, hostels, trust buildings, and government PSU.
Lobel-Megga-Watt-Project
Mega Watt Projects & Services
LOBEL are been known by our precise design, excellent supply chain and timely execution of the project with utmost quality & safety. Due to our core strength as Engineering Design, SCM & Project Management we are renowned and getting repeated orders from clients.
Lobel-Domastic-Project
Domestic Power Plant
We can zero electricity bill for our self-consumption of all home utilities and electrical appliances. There are also government incentives for solar renewable PV power plants.
Lobel-Power-Backup-System
Solar Power Back-up System
Without any grid connectivity, we can run our all AC & DC appliance on this solar power plant.
Lobel-Solar-Water-Pumping-System
Solar Water Pumping System
Best and easiest way of irrigation (KUSUM YOJANA) for both way standalone solar water pump and also grid-connected solar energy system.
Lobel-Solar-LED-Street-Light
Solar LED Street Light
One of the best options of lighting with integrated (all in one) solar street light with li-on and or PO4 technology which can you utilize for security, street lighting, gardening, and pathways.
Lobel-Solar-Integrated-System
Solar Integrated System for Telecom & Railway Applications
For non-grid connected like offshore & coastal areas can also utilize this solar energy for networking and railways applications.
Latest upgraded technology for best output of solar roof top pv power plant. It's auto optimized solar system, auto error resolve technology. Lobel also care of detail monitoring system of solar project at anywhere. We are working for best lifetime solution of PV and Thermal Solar power project.
Our Hotline 9998931555
wwww.lobelpower.com
We are focusing on solar energy, one of the best options in green solar renewable energy, to provide.
We are a young group of engineers and highly interested in Renewable Sources of Power Generation. As you Know the Electricity is a big issue of the world.
L'Obel Power System was born out of compassion for a green and clean environment and the zeal to find solutions for the power crisis in India for the overall development of rural community too.
The demand for energy is rising with the rapidly increasing Indian population. Moreover, most of the rural belts of India have inadequate, minimal or no electricity, which is a vital ingredient in the development of any community.
1. TYPES OF WATER -Avoid Using Water with High Mineral Content
We know soft water necessary with less than 250 TDS (Our VMS soft water is fine for us). More hard water increase stains which directly affect our solar panel generation.
The most important consideration to keep in mind is that scratching or damaging the glass in any way will reduce a panel’s energy production. It’s best to approach panel cleaning the same way you might clean your car.
2. WATER PRESSURE -Do Not Use High Pressure
It should not increase more than 35 Kg / Bar. Nozzle play bigger role to increase pressure which directly force to solar panel.
A nozzle is used at the end of the pipe to control the water's pressure. Nozzles come with a variety of added features with pressure settings.
3. WATER TEMPERATURE
It should ideally be the same as the solar panel temperature. The different of temperature is not acceptable more than 25 degrees.
Greater difference between the water and the solar panel may be cracking glass of solar panel due to thermal shock.
4. TIMING OF WASHING
"Aftersunset and or before sunrise"
Best time of washing is early morning (7 to 9 AM) or evening (6 to 8 PM). At this time production is low.
5. STAINS REMOVER - Never Use an Abrasive Material to Clean the Solar Panels
Best is Rinse the module subsequently with soft and sufficient amount of water.
If you use minimal of water which create stains and if you try to remove it than it will damages the Anti-Reflective Coating on the glass of the panel.
"Use a Soft Brush or a Sponge"
6. BACK SIDE OF PANEL
First of all it is not require routine cleaning.
Cleaning of dust only use soft sponge or micro-fiber cloth without any sharp tool which can damage the solar panel back sheet.
7. DO NOT EVER WALK ON SOLAR MODULE
www.lobelpower.com
Lobel Hot Line No: 9998931555
Lobel New rooftop solar installations
The GEDA rooftop solar policy is for the installations done after the Solar policy of 2015.
Only Lobel Solar new installations attract subsidies under the current Gujarat solar rooftop policy. Also, the consumers cannot shift the solar plant to any other premises.
Our solar huge client list with company profile. We are pioneer of solar power projects and old set of 10 year with small innovative products to turnkey industrial solution for effective and efficient solution.
Lobel solar power system supply all the regarding accessories of solar DCDB, solar ACDB, Array junction box, solar mouting structure, solar accessories, solar component, solar equipment, solar cable, solar dc fuse, dc fuse holder, ac spd, dc spd, mccb, connector, mc4, y type mc4, mcb etc...
Lobel Solar, Power System Gujarat, Gujarat Solar System, Solar Power Policy, Policy for solar power and energy, solar system, solar gujarat roof top policy, solar industry new gujarat policy
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Dr. Sean Tan, Head of Data Science, Changi Airport Group
Discover how Changi Airport Group (CAG) leverages graph technologies and generative AI to revolutionize their search capabilities. This session delves into the unique search needs of CAG’s diverse passengers and customers, showcasing how graph data structures enhance the accuracy and relevance of AI-generated search results, mitigating the risk of “hallucinations” and improving the overall customer journey.
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
GridMate - End to end testing is a critical piece to ensure quality and avoid...ThomasParaiso2
End to end testing is a critical piece to ensure quality and avoid regressions. In this session, we share our journey building an E2E testing pipeline for GridMate components (LWC and Aura) using Cypress, JSForce, FakerJS…
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1DianaGray10
This session provides introduction to UiPath Communication Mining, importance and platform overview. You will acquire a good understand of the phases in Communication Mining as we go over the platform with you. Topics covered:
• Communication Mining Overview
• Why is it important?
• How can it help today’s business and the benefits
• Phases in Communication Mining
• Demo on Platform overview
• Q/A
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024Neo4j
Neha Bajwa, Vice President of Product Marketing, Neo4j
Join us as we explore breakthrough innovations enabled by interconnected data and AI. Discover firsthand how organizations use relationships in data to uncover contextual insights and solve our most pressing challenges – from optimizing supply chains, detecting fraud, and improving customer experiences to accelerating drug discoveries.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
Secstrike : Reverse Engineering & Pwnable tools for CTF.pptx
Lobel proposal for 1 mw crystalline pv solar power plant
1. PROPOSAL FOR 1 MWp SPV POWER PLANT
L’Obel Solar Power System, VADODARA
Contents
Table of Contents ................................................................................................................................... 1
Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................. 3
1. Benefits of grid connected solar system: .......................................................................................... 3
2. Project Details at a glance ................................................................................................................ 4
4. Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 6
5. About L’Obel Solar Power System ..................................................................................................... 6
5.1 Turnkey Photovoltaic Solution ................................................................................................ 6
5.2 Roof Top Installations ............................................................................................................. 8
6. Proposed Solar Power Plant ........................................................................................................... 11
6.1 System Components ................................................................................................................ 10
6.1.1 Ground-mounted System ................................................................................................... 10
6.1.2 PV Solar Module ................................................................................................................ 11
6.1.3 Inverters (CONTROL TECHNIQUES) ................................................................................... 12
6.1.4 Inverter Features .............................................................................................................. 12
6.1.5 Control and Automation ................................................................................................... 13
6.1.6 Monitoring Systems ........................................................................................................... 14
6.1.7 Substation......................................................................................................................... 16
7. Scope of maintenance contract ...................................................................................................... 17
Performance monitoring ............................................................................................................ 17
Remote diagnosis and failure response .................................................................................... 18
2. Preventive maintenance ............................................................................................................. 18
Corrective maintenance .............................................................................................................. 18
Facility management .................................................................................................................. 18
Module cleaning ......................................................................................................................... 18
Security management ................................................................................................................. 19
8. Project Implementation and Schedule ............................................................................................ 19
9.1 Project Implementation Strategy ............................................................................................. 20
9. Project Management and Engineering .......................................................................................... 21
9.1 Procurement of the System ...................................................................................................... 22
9.2 Typical System Integration ....................................................................................................... 22
10. Bill of Material .............................................................................................................................. 23
11. Typical Execution of installation under accomplishment of all national regulation & norms: .......... 25
12. Budgetary Cost for 1 MWp Power Plant …………………………………………………………………………………….. 29
13. Retention clause ........................................................................................................................... 29
14. Transportation ............................................................................................................................. 29
15. Insurance ..................................................................................................................................... 29
16. Currency and taxes ....................................................................................................................... 29
17. General terms of payment ............................................................................................................ 29
18. Contractual conditions ................................................................................................................. 29
19. Transparency and compliance ...................................................................................................... 29
20. Bid validity.................................................................................................................................... 29
21. Warranties and Securities ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 28
22. Project Plan / Time of Erection .................................................................................................... 30
23. General Reservation ..................................................................................................................... 30
2
3. 3
Executive Summary
Energy is a necessary driver of growth and its per capita consumption is growing
all across the world. This is primarily associated with the growth and development.
Any developmental activity in a nation fuels the energy demand. The world already
realise the need to switch over Renewable Energy (RE) source to augment the energy
needs. Clean sources of energy not only help our environment to recover from the
mindless exploitation it has been subjected to in the last 150 years, but also provides
power to millions of people especially in the developing nations. The renewable energy
sector has emerged as the fastest growing industry in recent times and there are hopes
of it getting only bigger in the coming years. Most nations have put plans in motion to
promote this sector in a big way. Green growth is the way to future for the developed
nations and a huge opportunity of energy security for the developing nations. There is
one more advantage which is slowly being recognized as the most important aspect of
this change- it’s potential to create employment for millions in the coming decade. In
India, there is still a huge gap between the demand and supply of electricity. Its power
sector is consistently plagued by shortages. India currently ranks fourth in the world for
green house gas emissions. There is a need to balance the two- the growing huge energy
needs with climate change issues. That is where the renewable energy sources come
into play. The Indian government, Ministry of New & Renewable Energy (MNRE) has
various policies and plans to advance solar and other renewable energy in the country.
The support from Government is a prerequisite to push forth the emerging concept of
generation-based incentive of solar power. The incentives announced by MNRE are a
well timed policy measure, which is oriented towards a bigger role for solar power and
is based on some gainful insights into the actual operation of megawatt sizes solar
power plants.
1. Benefits of grid connected Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) System:
Power from the sun is clean, silent, limitless and free
Power production from Solar Photovoltaic process does not
releases gases like CO, CO2, SO2, NO2, which are normally
associated with burning finite fossil fuel reserves and don’t
contribute to global warming.
4. Solar Photovoltaic are now a proven technology which is inherently safe as
opposed to other fossil fuel based electricity generating technologies.
Reduces or avoids the necessity to build new transmission/distribution lines or
upgrade existing ones.
Solar power shall augment the needs of peak power needs.
Increases the grid reliability i.e., voltage and frequency.
Reduce the transmission line losses.
Provides a potential revenue source in a diverse energy portfolio
Assists in meeting renewable portfolio standard goals.
4
2. Project Details at a glance
This proposal highlights the implementation of 1 MWp power generation project.
As an initiative towards green energy generation, L’Obel Solar Power System is
interested in setting up a 1 MWp Grid Connected project.
The system configuration of the Power plant will be as follows:
a) Proposed Solar PV Power Plant Capacity of 1 MWp.
b) The generated power is going to be fed to state Electricity Grid.
This report highlights the details of the proposed power generation scheme, site
facilities, features of the main plant and equipment including the Solar PV array,
electrical systems, evacuation of generated power, environmental and safety aspects,
distribution mechanism and the financial analysis.
Sr. No Components Details
1 Location Kutch, Gujarat
2 Proposed capacity 1 MWp
3 Type of system Grid Connected
4 Type of Module Poly- Crystalline
5 Proposed module area 5.5-6 Vigha = 1.25 lac sq feet
6 Capacity range of each module proposed 240 Wp
7 Inverter capacity 1060 KW
8 Expected life of power plant years
9 Project Developer L’Obel Solar Power System
5. 5
4. Introduction
Climate change and fossil fuel depletion are threatening our very existence on
this planet. This is primarily due to our dependence on fossil fuels for an upkeep of
modern day life styles. Nearly 75% of energy usage takes place in urban and semi-urban
areas accommodating large chunks of population. The rapid urbanization with
an accompanying economic development is responsible for a sudden rise in energy
demand. Essential public services like electricity services for homes, transport, industry,
commerce, and other infrastructure run by virtue of fossil fuels. To secure the energy
supply for all this and to mitigate the risks of climate change, RE source of energy form
the most obvious solution. With its abundant solar energy, India can exploit this
resource easily.
Most of today’s electrical energy is generated by fossil fuel based plant with a
low production cost and high reliability. However, concerns about the longer term
sustainability of fossil fuel-based generation, are driving the energy industry toward
sustainable, low carbon emitting, renewable energy sources. Indian government -
MNRE has demonstrated its commitment to the cause of promoting RE power
generation and solar in specific by its current policies.
India is a tropical country, where sunshine is available for longer hours per day
and in great intensity. It is home to one of the most abundant solar resources in the
world, with 2.97 million square kilometres of tropical and subtropical land and an
average of 300 clear sunny days a year. As such, solar power offers significant potential
to meet a large share of the country's energy needs.
Solar energy, therefore, has a tremendous potential as a future energy source. It
has the advantage of permitting decentralized distribution of energy, large, centralized
power generation plants, smaller distributed heat and power plants; or scaled down, at
the individual consumer level. Thus it has the leverage of empowering people at grass
root level.
It is not only technically and economically feasible for India to make the shift to
renewable energy sources (if this rollout is combined with energy-efficiency measures),
but also prudent to begin this transition now. The Government has recently approved
an ambitious new plan to increase solar power capacity to 20 Giga watts by 2020, under
the National Solar Mission. The Mission is to provide lighting for 20 million homes and
eliminate 42 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions annually.
There are several reasons for this urgency. First, India's power-generation
infrastructure is undergoing rapid expansion to meet national development objectives,
with the country still facing unmet power demands that equate to as much as 80 percent
of current installed capacity. Second, they point to rising energy security concerns as
6. energy prices go up and supplies shrink, making it a ripe time to shift to a new model of
energy production.
As on March, 2009, India’s power system had an installed generating capacity
around 1,48,700.00 MW and thermal power plants powered by coal, gas, naphtha or oil
accounted for approximately 64.70 % of total power generation capacity. Hydropower
picks up a share of 24.80%. Renewable sources of energy account for around 8% of the
power generated, with wind power having a share of around 5.5%. In the same year a
capacity addition of nearly 51,300 MW has been planned by the ministry of power
during the eleventh five year plan period (2009-2012).Thus there is a need for large scale
power generation from both Non-renewable and renewable sources of energy to sustain
a targeted GDP growth of 8%to 10% per year.
Of late, solar power investments in the country are registering a fast increase. In
fact, India is a home to many national and international PV manufacturers setting up
large scale PV manufacturing facilities. There is a growing optimism on the fact that
solar power may well attain the much needed grid parity within the next few years.
India is a developing nation and cannot halt its developmental goals. While we
have a need to cut down the GHG emissions, it also has to ensure that its infrastructural
growth is not hindered in any way. Solar energy in India is a potential huge source of
energy. If we are able to harness the high amount of sunlight received by India, then we
can meet its energy demand like no other fuel.
5. About L’OBEL SOLAR POWER SYSTEM
L’Obel Solar Power System is a vertically integrated, end-to-end renewable
energy services provider. Our goal is to provide clean, renewable solar energy at
affordable prices. As a solar energy services company, we:
Manufacture high quality solar devices
Provide turnkey solar energy solutions
Provide solar energy consulting and service.
6
5.1 Turnkey Photovoltaic Solution
L’Obel Solar Power System’s engineers help design solar power for commercial,
industrial and residential clients in the India and have 20 years experience of
manufacturing and executing Solar Projects. Our 20 years relationships in renewable
energy field enable us to source top-quality components at competitive prices from
around the world. As a system integrator, we provide complete PV services including:
7. 7
Consultation
Site assessment and solar analysis
System design and installation
Integration (EPC) services
Service and maintenance
L’Obel Solar Power System has manufacturing facility located in Vadodara,
Gujarat. L’Obel Solar Power System is geared up to provide environment friendly solar
energy on a large scale. Our projects office is also located in Vadodara where we have
one of the finest engineering and execution teams.
L’Obel Solar Power System has an unmatched ability to provide a
comprehensive, integrated, state-of-the-art, turnkey solution through a well-structured
consortium. The company is experienced in working, in diverse climates and ground
conditions. L’Obel Solar Power System utilize local contractor base for maximum
efficiency and economy, hence provides with seamless project execution from project
development to plant commissioning.
L’Obel Solar Power System capitalizes on its broad experience in significant solar
projects and thereby relies on its professional and technically sound project
management team. This results in professional installations on given schedules. Such
high standards make L’Obel Solar Power System to be your preferred partner for PV
large – scale projects.
L’Obel Solar Power System is committed for providing the most efficient solar
power plants with special regard to the long life efficiency. Therefore L’Obel Solar
Power System works in a vertically integrated end-to-end engineering process which
results in plant layouts with their possible yield / investment ratio. As L’Obel Solar
Power System also provides with the modules, the plant reaches highest efficiency in a
very cost effective way. L’Obel Solar Power System believes in procurement of the most
efficient components from different vendor companies to provide our customers with
most advanced and reliable systems.
Our technological alliances allow us to guarantee a comprehensive performance
ratio (PR) to secure your investment and your cash-flow. As a turnkey provider L’Obel
Solar Power System is a right partner to handle whatever is necessary for the efficient
erection and operation of solar power PV- plants.
Experience shows that the profitability of a PV plant relies on both the
performance of its single parts but also proper matching and compatibility between the
8. components. Being a well recognized player in the international market, L’Obel Solar
Power System enjoys well proven relations with its suppliers. Our partners and
suppliers have been assessed not only for fulfilling the L’Obel Solar Power System
quality standards but also for their capability to professionally realize large – scale
projects on time.
8
5.2 Roof Top Installations
1. Solar PV Power Plants
2. Industrial roof top PV Power Plants
3. Solar PV Powered Railway Signals (LED) At Rajkot & Bhavnagar Division of
Western
Railways
9. 4. Solar PV 4. Powered Street Lights & Home Lights
9
6. Proposed Solar Power Plant
L’Obel Solar Power System will install a grid-tied solar power generation system
using state-of-the art ground-mounted structure. Figure shows the schematic diagram
of a typical grid-tied solar system.
10. UTILITY
PV ARRAY
MAIN
SERVICE
PANEL
DC
FUSED
SWITCH DC/AC INVERTER
AC
FUSED
SWITCH
UTILITY
SWITCH
PV ARRAY
CIRCUIT
COMBINER
GROUND
FAULT
PROTECTOR
Sunlight captured by solar panels is converted into DC electricity. This DC
electricity is collected from all the solar panels and is passed through an inverter, which
converts it into usable AC electricity. This AC electricity is fed into the electricity grid.
6.1 System Components
6.1.1 Ground-mounted System
L’Obel Solar Power System will install a fixed mounting structure made up of
high strength high performance galvanized steel. Panels are pushed in for faster
assembly no nuts and bolts are required. The structure is designed for 200 Km/hr wind
load. The installation and anchorage technology is drawn from experienced highway
crash barrier technology. It can be installed solid
ground conditions including solid rock. This
mounting system comes with a 25-year
warranty.
10
L’Obel Solar Power System is looking
forward to a new technology which is
Innovative and can be installed without any
concrete. This technology is known as screw-pile
technology. This technology allows erecting the
mounting structure in a very less span of time
and has a superior holding capacity with distinct advantage in unstable soils. As with
this technology the foundation can be erected in few hrs as there is very less concrete
work and the mounting is done by the machines, implementation is swift with several
hundred foundation points being completed in a day.
11. A PV Array is made up of PV modules, which are environmentally sealed
collections PV cells-the devices that convert sunlight to electricity. This allows some
assembly and wirings functions to be done on the ground if called for by the installation
instructions. The panels will be mounted in rows and electrically connected with cables.
The cable will need to be made safe and tamper proof. The electrical output from the PV
panels will be fed via cables to a bank of inverters.
6.1.2 PV Solar Module
Top quality, high efficiency, and high wattage (240 Wp) solar panels will be used
11
in the system.
PV panels use high efficiency polycrystalline cells and are
assembled with top-quality raw materials sourced globally
Panels are tested in accordance with IEC 61215, IEC 61730,
TUV and UL 1703 certified.
Approx. size: 1644mm X982 mm
Best-in-class performance ratings proven by field
installations
25 year power warranty
Higher strength with wind and snow loads guaranteed up
to 80 lbs/ft2
Mechanical Data of 240 Wp Solar PV Module
Sr. No. Parameter Value
1 Cell 156mm2 high power Polycrystalline solar cells
2 Connection 60 cells in series
3 Dimensions 1644.6 x 982.2 x 40 mm (1.62 sqm)
4 Weight 18.60 Kg
5 Connection type Cable with plug connector (compatible with
MC-4 connectors)
6 Bypass Diode 3 (Three) 15A bypass diodes
Electrical Data of 240 Wp Solar PV Module
12. Sr. No. Parameter Value
1 Maximum Power 240 Wp
2 Open Circuit Voltage 37.26 V
3 Short Circuit Current 8.39 A
4 Voltage at point of maximum power 30.85 V
5 Current at point of maximum power 7.80 A
6 Max System Voltage 600/1000 V (UL/IEC)
7 Tolerance at Pmax 0% to 3%
8 Temperature Coefficient - Power -0.45%/°C
12
6.1.3 Inverters (CONTROL TECHNIQUES)
The grid tie inverter in a solar
PV power plant converts the DC power
generated by the PV module in to
suitable AC power for feeding to the
grid. This inverter automates the start up
and shut down functions. By
incorporating advanced maximum
power point tracking technology, it
maximizes the energy harvested for PV
modules. To minimize the power losses
during the conversion process, the inverter switching technology uses insulated gate
bipolar transistors. Multiple inverters are paralleled for large power installations. High
efficiency of conversion under partial load conditions is essential for economic viability
of the entire solar power station the inverters with their own weatherproof enclosure
installed in close proximity to PV modules are considered for this project.
6.1.4 Inverter Features
Enhanced conversion efficiency 98% peak
Enhanced availability
Greater Yield at low irradiance
High accuracy MPPT algorithm over a wide voltage range
Compact and easy to maintain
Anti Islanding and supply dlp ride-through
Communications and PC tools for local or remote configuration and monitoring.
13. Electrical Data of Inverter
Sr. No. Parameter Value
1 AC Current 1800 A
2 DC Current 2100 A
3 Inverter Power @ 50°C 1060KWp
4 Max. THD 2.28%
5 Euro. efficiency 98%
6 MPPT voltage Range 400V – 800V
7 Maximum no. Of internal DC landings points 18
13
6.1.5 Control and Automation
In order to have a smooth functioning of inverter, control and automation forms
an integral part of PV system. Different types of controllers are available. A typical
controller will have following control and automated functions.
Inverter start up, shut off and disconnection sequence
Over/under voltage & frequency protection
Anti islanding protection
Power tracking to match inverter to the arrays
Adjustment of delay periods to customize system shutdown sequence
Graphical user interface for real time communications, monitoring and control
Optional remote monitoring via internet modem
Faults notification via modem
Data acquisition and logging
DC monitoring
14. The system is an innovative monitoring and analysis system
for large PV plants. It is upgradeable with CAN bus
compatible components. The system also enables diagnostic
and monitoring functions for these components.
Monitoring of central inverters and junction boxes to string
level. Transmits the data required for monitoring, such as
yields and the system efficiency to the Internet portal. Here
the data is converted into straight forward diagrams and
stored. A constant target/actual analysis enable malfunctions
to be detected in their initial stages. In such cases, a definable
group of persons is notified immediately
Remote-controlled connection/disconnection reduces service
outlay on site. The long-life electronic safety feature; Real
protect optimizes system availability.
Data modem (analogue/Ethernet) can open interface for
connecting the connecting the system components, RS232.
14
6.1.6 Monitoring Systems
System:
Monitoring central
system:
String monitoring
junction boxes:
Communication:
Electrical protection equipment will be required to be specified in conjunction
with PEA, for the connection of the PV plant to the electrical network.
Highlights:
Remotely monitor, diagnose, manage and control systems, without costly "truck
rolls"
Receive alerts that serve as early warnings to equipment and system issues
Perform remote diagnostics, updates and resets to optimize performance
Weid Muller monitoring or equivalent will be used to monitor the performance of the
solar power plant.
Features and Benefits:
Control system based on modular concept easy to adapt to any solar
application.
Integrated strings fuse protection.
No need of local key-pad programming since all parameters can be set in an
easier and quicker manner using Eos-Array Soft software, Eos software.
Simplified installation since there is no need of auxiliary bus wiring.
15. RS485 for easy and quick data transmission to remote acquisition system.
Local RGB LED on board of the VMU units for easy colour code diagnostics.
Antitheft control, fuse blow detection, wrong PV panel connection for plant
15
control and maintenance.
Protection trip and breaker status detection by means of two digital inputs.
Alarm notification and automatic PV panel cleaning by means of two relay
outputs.
String control for immediate string failure detection and localisation.
String for energy production and pay-back efficiency pay control.
DC/AC efficiency calculation for inverter working control.
Data and event logging for plant control.
6.1.7 Substation
Building for housing the electronic (sub-station)
The substation building will house all the electronic equipments like MCB
(main DC combiner boxes), central inverters, low voltage panels, transformer,
high voltage panels, etc. below shown are the few reference snapshots of the
same.
Description of power evacuation system and interfacing with grid
It is important that the power plant is designed to operate satisfactorily in
parallel with grid, under the voltage and frequency fluctuation condition, so as
to export the maximum possible unit to the grid. It is also extremely important to
safeguard the system during major disturbances like tripping, pulling and
sudden over loading during the fluctuation of the grid loads on the generating
unit in the island mode, under fault/feeder tripping conditions.
Grid Synchronization Scheme
Utilities/license owns and operates a high voltage transmission and
distribution network in the project area. It is envisaged that the solar generation
plant will be connected to the high voltage network. It will be necessary to
negotiate a network connection and access agreement and undertake further
activities, such as:
a) System studies.
b) Investigation of connection issues including assessment of the need to upgrade
or modify equipment due to an increase in fault levels.
c) Protection modifications as compatible for system frequency and grid stability.
16. 16
Network Connection
The solar PV project size is proposed to be 1 MWp. The higher rating is
used for grid connection designs. The proposed plant will be connected to the
high voltage transmission system through a 0.415/11/33KV substation. This
involves an appropriate power transformer, underground cables and overhead
lines at appropriate voltage level. The network connection is designed to carry
rated power on a 24-hour basis. For connection to the state transmission grid, it is
necessary to adhere to grid code. This requires a series of studies and designs,
including:
Load flow studies.
Fault level analysis.
Dynamic stability assessment.
Connection substation concept design.
Protection measures for connection substation and power transmission line.
7 Scope of maintenance contract
L’Obel Solar Power System offers an initial 5 year full service maintenance
contract which enables the operator to implement a reliable and effective operation
making use of the well established L’Obel Solar Power System service competence.
The Operations and Maintenance package offered by L’Obel Solar Power System
include the following services
a) Performance monitoring
b) Remote diagnosis and failure response
c) Preventive maintenance
d) Corrective maintenance
(The prices are subjected to escalation starting from two years)
Performance monitoring
A plant monitoring system is installed which enables permanent system
monitoring and performance evaluation. We collect the data on site via our PV
monitoring system. This data are available for remote diagnosis and a useful subset of
the gathered performance data is made available online to the customer so that he can
track and control the system performance himself.
17. 17
Remote diagnosis and failure response
Automatic alarm functions issue messages in case of unexpected system
behavior that will trigger the first level support to log onto the system and investigate
and initiate remedial action if required. Second and third level expert support will be
involved as required. Field service engineer are dispatched as needed in order to clarify
the fault situation.
Preventive maintenance
Preventive maintenance is carried out by qualified technical personnel on a
regular inspection and maintenance cycle basis, typically once or twice per year,
depending on local site conditions. The various systems are subjected to visual checks,
cleaning, measurement and replacement as the case may be the findings and the overall
state of the plant is documented.
Corrective maintenance
Corrective maintenance is performed in order to restore the desired state of
repair. To keep the restore time as short as possible spare part availability is a crucial
element. L’Obel Solar Power System always aims to increase the plant performance in
order to achieve the contractually agreed performance ratio.
Analysis and failure repair will be realized on various levels. Data input from the
electronic operation log in combination with the local inspection and measurements are
used to drive the effective measures. Failure repair due to system failures will be under
the service contract and no further cost for the service and the spare part will be
charged to the customer.
Facility management (by Customer)
This service compromises the care taking of the facility. Like visual inspection of
all outdoor plant installations from inside the plant fences as well as cleaning and minor
maintenance of building and fixed installations, e.g. maintenance of signage, oiling of
locks, exchange of light bulbs. As well the green management is contained like grass
and plant cutting to minimize shadows.
Module cleaning (by Customer)
Modules are exposed to the environment and depending on the local conditions
a dirt layer settles on the modules, which reduces the plant yield. Cleaning is executed
by a qualified service provider with a suitable cleaning method including man hours,
material and cleaning tools.
18. 18
Security management (by Customer)
The substantial investment shall be safeguarded by e.g. 24/7 hrs monitoring of
motion – activated CCTV cameras and / of daily patrols as well as security field forces
in case of theft alarms or suspicious observations via CCTV.
Based on the information available to L’Obel Solar Power System and what we
understood from our conversation and analyses, we offer only those services and
supplies that match all your needs and still maintain a low investment. Should you be
interested in additional service and supplies, please approach us and we will be happy
to present you an updated proposal.
8 Project Implementation and Schedule
For a 1 MWp power plant, approximately 5 acres of area is required. This will include
installation of all the panels, equipment, and construction of supporting and auxiliary
buildings, access network.
Various activities under the project development and implementation are listed
below (in no particular order):
Site survey
Detailed engineering design
Civil works and preliminary engineering construction (clearing, fencing, soil
exploration, ground improvement, foundations, surfacing, grading, etc.)
Ground-mounted PV support structure design, drawings, documentation
Safety signage
Installation, interconnection and commissioning of solar photovoltaic panels
Connection of PV array junction (combiner) box & main junction boxes
Installation and commissioning of grid-connected inverter
All DC cabling (conduits, fasteners etc.) up to inverters
AC cabling, switchgear, fuse boxes etc from inverters to local PCC
Installation and commissioning of power evacuation system including
transmission of power from generation side to the point of connection
Installation of proper metering equipment in conformance with local
electricity codes
Remote Monitoring (installation of modem, PC and data cable for real-time
monitoring)
19. Installation of data display system (kWh, CO2 cumulative and kW
19
instantaneous)
AC switchboard/interface and protection
All regulatory approvals for project and to connect to AC mains grid
Staff and client training
Operational & maintenance services
8.1 Project Implementation Strategy
Overall project implementation will have the following stages of activities. These
stages are not mutually exclusive; to implement the project on fast track basis, some
degree of overlapping is anticipated.
Stage I - Project Development
Stage II - Finalization of the Equipment and Contracts
Stage III - Procurement and Construction (phased approach)
Stage IV - Plant Commission (phased approach)
Stage 1 – Project Development
Project development will begin with one or more visits to the region with the
objective of understanding regional ground conditions including socio-economic
conditions, transportation and infrastructure facilities available in the region. The key
step in this stage will be the negotiation and establishment of a power purchase
agreement (PPA) with the utility company. Following specific activities/tasks will be
completed during this stage:
Land acquisition
Preparation and submission of Detailed Project Report (DPR)
Power purchase agreement (PPA)
Expedite Central Regulatory Authority clearance
During this phase, a project team consisting of engineers, logistics experts and
project managers will be formed for the execution of the project. This project team will
work together from the earliest stages of the project, according to member’s specific
expertise, and will be responsible for:
Planning project execution including development of GANTT charts
Inspection of fabrication items and other equipment
Supervise construction and commissioning of the plant
20. Controlling and managing contractor payments
Monitoring and managing project progress
Maintaining project budget and schedule
Stage II – Finalization of Equipment and Contracts
In this stage, procurement packages are developed to send to suppliers for
detailed and final costs for all services and products. It is expected that detailed
engineering design will overlap with this stage and specifications for major equipment
will be developed in parallel with information from vendor catalogs and specification
sheets. For a solar installation, typically, solar panels and combiner boxes are the
longest lead items and project planning must provide adequate time period for the
acquisition and installation of these equipment.
This stage calls for close and constant communication between the project
engineers, equipment suppliers and vendors, and procurement specialists to ensure that
all documentation is made in strict accordance with project specifications and schedule.
Stage III – Procurement and Construction
Following contract award and issuance of purchase order, the project team will
follow up regularly to ensure smooth and timely execution of the contract. The
procurement activity includes review of drawings, stage and final pre delivery
inspection, and supervision of installation and construction. During construction, the
erection and commissioning phase of multiple contracts will proceed simultaneously.
Stage IV – Erection and Commissioning Phase
It is the commissioning phase where design, manufacturing, erection and quality
assurance expertise are put to test. The commissioning team will consist of key
equipment manufacturers of the equipment, L’Obel Solar Power System engineers, and
other specialized experts, where necessary. First step during commissioning is to use a
designed check list to ensure that the plant has been properly installed with appropriate
safety measures. The commissioning team will follow the internal operating
instructions. The plant shall be subjected to a performance test before synchronizations.
The plant shall be subjected to a performance test before synchronization under the
supervision of professional engineers/consultants.
20
21. The design of the centralised configuration will start with the DC side of the power
plant and then based on the DC section the AC section of the power plant is designed.
9 Project Management and Engineering
The project is being planned, implemented, monitored and controlled through
the L’Obel Solar Power System. Project planning and monitoring is done on the
following activities of engineering, contracts, manufacturing, erection and
commissioning.
Engineering and Design
Contract and Procurement of Project Components
Erection and Commissioning
Operation and Maintenance of the project
L’Obel Solar Power System will provide a global expertise in designing, setting
up and maintaining large scale grid connected solar farms.
L’Obel Solar Power System shall provide the Engineering service including
undertaking a engineering study to review the basic design and where possible to
suggest optimized design solutions, detailed designs, preparation of tender documents
and detailed specifications of the components and preparation of documentations in
this regard. L’Obel Solar Power System will also look after civil & mechanical works,
equipment supply and other contracts. Construction design and construction
supervision will be done by L’Obel Solar Power System during the execution of the
project including supervising the construction, equipment installation and
commissioning, undertaking quality assurance at site and oversee the contractors`
quality systems.
21
22. There are two types of power generation schemes. The project engineering
changes according to this generation scheme. A brief introduction on the different
power generation scheme is given below.
9.1 Procurement of the System
Being a well recognized player in the international market, L’Obel Solar Power
System enjoys well proven relations with its suppliers. Our partners and suppliers have
been assessed not only for fulfilling the L’Obel Solar Power System quality standards
but also for their capability to professionally realize large – scale projects on time. Hence
L’Obel Solar Power System will procure project components directly from its vendors.
Procurement process includes the following broad activities:
Procurement of modules
Procurement of balance of system (BOS)
Procurement of transmission system accessories and
Procurement of other project components
L’Obel Solar Power System will procure the project components from various
sources under the onshore contracts and offshore contracts. This will be done with the
suitable entities at the time of procurement of the project components.
Some of the general information about the equipments that will be utilized in the
power plant is given below for the reference of the customer.
9.2 Typical System Integration
The panels will be ground mounted. The ground mounting will require a flat
level surface and will be set into concrete. The panels will require an area which is not
shaded. Any vegetation underneath the panels will need to be kept to a level below that
of the panels in order to avoid shading. All the panels will be at least 0.8 m from the
ground. It is assumed that this is adequate to keep the panels above the flood height of
the site.
The panels will be mounted in rows and electrically connected with cables. The
cable will need to be made safe and tamper proof. The electrical output from the PV
panels will be fed via cables to a bank of inverters.
The inverters will be housed in a structure to protect them from the weather and
from tampering. A design decision based on cost will need to be made whether the
inverters are all located in one area or are interspersed around the site.
22
23. The power plant will have a SCADA system to monitor the output of the rows of
panels. In this way, any system faults can be detected to a particular array and rectified.
Electrical protection equipment with be required, to be specified in conjunction with
PEA, for the connection of the PV plant to the electrical network.
10 Bill of Material
Sr.
No Items Scope of Work
1 Solar Panel Supply, Transportation, Insurance and
23
Installation
2 Solar Mounting Structure Design, Supply, Transportation, Panel
Mounting.
3 Power Conditioning Unit Supply, Transportation, Insurance, Testing,
Installation Weather station.
4 Wire & Cable
Design, Supply, Transportation, Cable tray,
Cable tie, Conduit, Ferrules, Electrical
Lugs, Communication Cable and HT cable
5 Junction Box with Monitoring system
&Central Scada System
Supply, Transportation, Insurance,
Monitoring system, Central Scada System,
Auxiliary Supply for communication port.
6 Civil Work
Control Room, Metering room, Land
levelling, Land clearing, Pathways,
Drainage, Water system for module
cleaning.
7 Lights, Lightning Arrester and Earthing
Street Lights, Lightning Arrester, Earthing
pits, Transformer soak pit, Earthing for DC
side and AC side.
8 Power Evacuation
Isolation T/F, LT panel, Step up
transformer with OLTC, HT panel,
Metering cubical
9 Project Management
Design & Engineering, Project monitoring,
Time management, Site Survey,
Construction Management.
24. 11 Typical Execution of installation under accomplishment of all
24
national regulation & norms:
POSITION DESCRIPTION
1 Construction Management
1.1 Construction management and planning for all materials and works delivered or
executed by Subcontractor
1.2 Provide project management and supervision.
2 Modules
2.1 Receiving and unloading of Modules (delivered by customer) with appropriate vehicle
(e.g. forklift truck, 4x4 forklift, etc.)
2.2 Check and comparison of modules delivered with delivery note and visual inspection of
delivered modules
2.3
Storage of modules (temporary) with appropriate protection against weather impacts,
damage and theft (e.g. lockable containers or lockable tents). In customer’s scope; not in
GB scope.
2.4 Transport from (temporary) storage to site/point of installation with appropriate
vehicles (e.g. fork lift truck)
2.5
Passing of risk (from Customer to GB) starts with delivery of modules to site/temporary
storage and from the time the modules are taken by GB from the storage till the point
they are installed and commissioned. However, after the commissioning, the risk of the
performance of the modules will be entirely and severally of the customer.
3 Structures for modules with the general conditions:
3.1
Evaluation of soil/ground: The ground/soil must be prepared to endure transport of all
components (modules, structure, connection boxes, etc.) to the installation point on site.
The ground/soil must withstand the loads of wind and the weight of structures (incl.
modules and other components).
3.2 Preparation of the soil/ground on site with all necessary works like earthmoving,
digging holes for the foundations/pilings and levelling.
3.3 Surveying of structures for the modules and calibration and pitching for the
foundations/pilings of the structures.
3.4
Delivery and/or manufacturing of foundations/pilings for the structures on site
including all necessary material and works. The foundations/pilings must full fill all
necessary regulations and norms and be according to calculations by static expert.
25. 25
3.5
Manufacturing, delivery, installation and calibration of structures including all necessary
material and works. The structures must full fill all necessary regulations and norms and
calculations of static expert as well as requirements of manufacturer. Installation on
prepared foundations/pilings . Minimum quality of structure: hot galvanized steel
3.6
Installation of modules on prepared structures including all necessary material and
works especially the system for clamping/fixing the modules on the structures. In case
the materials of module frames and structures are different (e.g. aluminium and
galvanized steel) there must be installed an intermediate layer (e.g. EPDM-rubber) which
will come at extra cost.
3.7 Reconstruction/Regeneration of site. Dispose or recycle surplus soil material and
dispose waste material including all necessary material and works.
3.8 Provide and deliver a certified/approved statistics for the structure including all fixings
and fundaments according regulations and norms of the Country.
4 Service Station for inverters, transformers and metering/safety system
4.1
Planning, delivery and installation of the service stations for inverters, transformers and
switchboards including all installation for appropriate ventilation and electrification
with lights, plugs, auxiliary supply, etc. of the stations. Including all necessary material
and works. The station will full fill all necessary regulations, norms and special
specifications of the utility company. (The Details have to be defined by the Customer
and the utility company).
5 Security and protection system
5.1 Delivery and installation of a fence around the site of the power plant including all
necessary material and works. The fence will be as per the customer’s specifications.
5.2
Delivery and installation of security system for the power plant including all necessary
material and works. The security system must full fill all necessary regulations, norms
and as well specifications due to insurance necessities.
6 Earth moving works
6.1a
Installation and laying of DC-Main-Cables from connection boxes to main junction boxes
and to inverters, including earth moving work due to national regulations and norms.
Including all necessary material and works.
6.1b
(alternatively
to 6.1a)
Installation and laying of DC-Main-Cables in cable channels from connection boxes to
main junction boxes and to inverters, due to national regulations and norms. Including
all necessary material and works.
7 Electrical Installation of solar generator
7.1 Connection of modules to strings. Including all necessary material and works.
7.2 Installation of connection boxes at the metal structure including all necessary material of works.
26. 7.3 Installation of main junction boxes in the service station including all necessary material
26
and works.
7.4 Delivery, installation and connection in the connection boxes of Cables (or similar) for
the module strings. Including all necessary material and works.
7.5
Delivery, installation and connection in between the connection boxes with Cables NYY
(or similar) including all necessary material and works. (The specification of the cables
will be defined Green Brilliance Energy Pvt Ltd)
7.6
Delivery, installation and connection between the connection boxes and main junction
boxes and the inverters of Cables NYY (or similar) including all necessary material and
works. (The specification of the cables have to be defined by Subcontractor and Green
Brilliance Energy Pvt Ltd)
7.7 Delivery and installation of Cable Conduits/Cable Channel with cover at metal structure
including all necessary material and works.
8 Earthing/Grounding of solar generator
8.1
Delivery, installation and connection for the earthing/grounding of solar inverter
(modules, structures, cable channels and connection boxes) including all necessary
material and works.
9 Installation of inverters and AC-cables from inverters to transformer
9.1 Receiving and unloading of inverters (delivered by GB) with appropriate vehicle (e.g.
fork lift truck)
9.2 Check of inverters delivered with delivery note and visual inspection of delivered
inverters
9.3 Transport to service station with appropriate vehicles (e.g. fork lift truck) and installation
in service station.
9.4 Delivery, installation and connection between the inverters and transformers of Cables
NYY (or similar) including all necessary material and works.
9.5 Delivery, installation and connection of remote monitoring system including all
necessary material and works.
10 Transformers, metering and safety system and switch board medium Voltage
10.1
Delivery, installation and connection of transformers for medium voltage, metering and
safety system as well as switch board for medium voltage level including all necessary
material and works. The components have to accomplish all national regulations and
norms.
27. 27
10.2
Delivery, installation and connection of a low voltage connection point, metering and
safety system for auxiliary power (e.g. for the inverters, lights, sockets, etc.) including all
necessary material and works. The components have to accomplish all national
regulations and norms.
11 Lightning protection for service station
11.1 Delivery, installation and connection of lightning arresters for the service stations.
12 Site facilities
12.1
Delivery, installation and operation of office for project management/site management
with all installation like electricity, light, telephone/fax, etc. including all necessary
material and works
12.2 Delivery, installation and operation of containers for the construction team including all
necessary material and works
12.3 Delivery, installation and operation of storage facilities for all components, material and
tools, etc. including all necessary material and works
12.4 Delivery, installation and operation of containers with bathroom/lavatory facilities
including all necessary material and works
12.5 Delivery, installation and operation of temporary power generator for electricity on site.
including all necessary material and works
12.6 Delivery, installation and operation of containers for the collection of waste. including all
necessary material and works
13 Documentation
13.1 Provide and deliver a complete documentation with all drawings ,plans, datasheets,
statics, calculations, measurements etc.
28. 12 Budgetary cost for 1 MWp power plant
Turnkey Supply of PV plant including Modules (Full EPC)
Price for1MWp INR 7.5 Cr (Approx)
Price in words Rs Seven Cr & fifty lac
28
13 Retention clause
L’Obel Solar Power System obligation to fulfill this agreement is subject to
the provision that the fulfillment is not prevented by any impediments arising
out of national and international foreign trade and customs requirements or any
embargos or other sanctions.
14 Transportation
We have included estimation of transportation prices for all components.
Our prices include delivery to suitable nearby port and consecutive trucking to
the site, assuming that the roads allow for unhindered traffic of heavy loaded
vehicles.
15 Insurance
Following insurances are included in our scope of supplies
Transportation insurance
Construction all risk insurance
16 Currency and taxes
The prices are stated in rupees.
Tolerance accepted will be ± 2% of the Exchange rate taken into consideration.
The price is exclusive of all applicable taxes and duties.
17 Contractual conditions
The budgetary offer is based on:
The terms and conditions as stated in this budgetary offer
L’Obel Solar Power System EPC contract for 1 MWp Photovoltaic (PV) power
plant
29. 29
18 Transparency and compliance
L’Obel Solar Power System has set itself the target of being one of the
world’s best companies in terms of transparency and compliance. By
strengthening our compliance program and internal controls we have taken an
important step towards this target. However, we also need your assistance. We
have a zero tolerance policy for any illegal or unethical behavior and our appeal to
you is: should you detect any misconduct on the part of our employees, please
inform us to this effect immediately.
19 Bid validity
This offer is valid until 10.6.2012.
21. Warranties and Securities
Our PV power plant with central inverter systems are designed for a technical
life of more than 25 years with highest efficiency and availability. The parts of the
offered plant and the used materials for installations are selected for their durability:
Support structures from durable aluminum and galvanized steel with
stainless steel fixing materials, with special attention to the design process for
the fixing method of the modules.
Engineering and installation of cabling, connections and coupling cabinets
suitable for long life operation by applying amongst other things; multi-contact
connectors, special cables, etc.
All warranties have to reflect site and project specific terms and conditions
The warranty period will be 5 years.
The warranties are conditioned by L’Obel Solar Power System carrying out
service and maintenance under a service and maintenance contract for the
duration of warranty period.
22. Project Plan / Time of Erection
The delivery time of the plant is dependent on several factors still to be clarified
Grid access to the public high voltage net
Presentation of all approvals (e.g. operation and net connecting approvals)
Delivery times of the components
Exact topographical details on the finalization of the PV field layouts
30. Condition of thee ground: effort for possible excavation/screwing foundation
Utility demands and grid access conditions
Module availability
30
23. General Reservation
L’Obel Solar Power System the right to modify, at any time and at our
discretion, technical terms and conditions stated in the offer.
We hope our offer has sparked your interest, and look forward to hearing
from you at your earliest convenience.
Note: The above pricing is based on standard ideal site condition.
Any further need at site or any change order will be changed extra.
For
Lobel Solar Power System
Er. Chintan Gandhi
093-270-07854
Gujarat, India-09327007852
ISO 9001:2008 Certified Company
Promise for continuous power
URL: www.lobelpower.com | www.lobelpower.in
M ID: lobelpower@gmail.com | info@lobelpower.com
Contact me: lobelpower lobel.solar