Meaning, Objectives and Importance. Significant Problems of Women, Place of Women in Economic and National Development, Practical Activities for Women Development

1. Women Education
B.Ed. 2015-16
M.Vijayalakshmi
Assistant Professor

2. 5.1 Women Education
Meaning, Objectives and
Importance. Significant Problems
of Women, Place of Women in
Economic and National
Development, Practical Activities
for Women Development

3. Meaning
• Providing for all facilities and opportunities
for learning of females on par with those
available for the education of males
• Based on the socio-economic status –
Those below the poverty line
Those who struggle for retaining the middle
class status and economic security
Those who enjoy good and stable economic
security

4. Objectives
• NCERT (1976) -
Home Management
Dignity of Labour
Equal Commitments
Equal opportunities
Decision Making
Self-Dependence
Legal Rights

5. • Participation in Public Affairs
• Equal Rights not for confrontation
• Increasing Productivity
• Giving up the Fascination for
Personalwares
• Developing Achievement Motivation

6. Importance
• Women’s education plays an important role
in the progress of any nation
• Constitute 50% of the population – providing
proper educational opportunities for all
women
• Swami Vivekananda –
• Education of a male benefits him largely,
educating a girl is equivalent to educating her
entire family

7. • Mahakavi Bharathi –
• This world can prosper only if
women are all educated on par with
men
• Gandhiji –
• Women should receive education on
par with men, if necessary provide
them specialized education

8. • “If you educate a boy you educate a boy
and educate an individual but if you
educate a girl you educate a family”
• “The hand that rocks the cradle rules
the world”
• Women education – properly planned,
developed and looked after for a
country or community to achieve
greatness

9. • Independence – turned upside down
• Kothari Commission –
• “For full development of our human
resources, the improvement of homes
and for moulding the character of
children during the most impressionable
years of infancy, the educate of women
is of even greater importance than that
of men”

10. Problems of Women’s Education
• There is acute dearth of trained female
teachers
• The curriculum is not suited to their special
requirements
• Women have not achieved social
consciousness to move freely with men in
work spots and outside the home
• Poverty and ignorance of parents also block
the educational advancement of girls

11. Factors adversely affecting
Education of Women
• Hang over of tradition
• Poverty
• Lack of qualified women teachers
• Curricula being followed generally
do not cater to special needs and
interests of girls

12. Causes of slow progress of Women
Education and Suggestive Measures
• Economic backwardness of the rural
community
• Lack of proper social attitudes in the
rural areas for the education of girls
• Lack of education facilities in rural
areas
• Lack of women teachers

13. • Lack of proper supervision and guidance
due to inadequate women personnel in
the inspectorate
• Lack of proper incentives to parents and
children
• Lack of adequate incentives
• Lack of suitable curriculum
• Co-educational aspects

14. Economic backwardness of the rural
community
• Provision of free cloths and books
• Make students to come regularly,
attendance scholarships can be
provided
• Free mid-day meals

15. Lack of proper social attitudes in the rural
areas for the education of girls
• Research – to get detailed scientific data
• Separate girls schools – middle and high
school stage
• Appointment of school mothers in co-
education primary school
• Opening of creches and nursery classes
• Public opinion in favour of girl’s education

16. Lack of education facilities in rural areas and
backward areas
• Non-availability of schools within walking
distances
• Unwillingness of parents to send their
daughters – beyond the age of 9 plus
• Lack of separate sanitary facilities for girls
• No adequate buildings and equipments

17. Suggestions
At least one primary school within a radius of
one kilometer from home – seventh plan
Hostel for girls
Maintenance stipends to girls residing in
hostels
Subsided transport facilities
Priority - Rise buildings, good environment
and atmosphere
Free education to girls - SSLC

18. Lack of women teachers
Large number of training institutions – provided
Accomodation to women teachers, quarters –
7th plan - 50%
Adequate rural allowance not less than Rs. Fifty
per month
Special stipends – girls in high schools with
aptitude for teaching
Husband and wives – posted in the same place
Free training – stipends – candidate of training
institutions
Untrained teachers – two years – given an in-
service training of education – considered as on
duty

19. Lack of proper supervision and guidance
• Increase in the number of women inspecting
officers
• District women inspecting officers –
adequate transport facilities
• Adequate office staff and equipment
• Residential facilities
• Closer contact with rural areas – state council
– provide funds

20. Social Education for Adult Women
• Opening Adult literacy classes in large
numbers
• Teaching simple skills like sewing, knitting,
handicrafts etc. and knowledge of basic
principles of health and food habits
• New attitudes towards community living,
family planning superstitions, caste, etc.

21. Lack of Adequate Incentives to Students
• Number of attendance scholarships –
doubled in 7th plan
• Allowance of school mothers – enhanced to
Rs. 20 per month
• Maintenance stipends – doubled in 7th plan
• Sanitary blocks in co-educational primary
schools – increased in 7th plan
• Construction of girls hostel – allocation of
fund – provided adequately - 7th plan

22. Lack of suitable curriculum
• Smt. Hansa Mehta committee 1962
• No difference in the curriculum – for boys
and girls – primary and middle stages
• Steps – introduction of home economics
• Steps – improve the teaching of music and
fine arts and liberal finance assistance
• Universities – review periodically – to meet
the special needs of girls

23. Problem of Co-education
• Co –education – at the elementary stage
• Vigorous educational propaganda – organized to
overcome the resistance
• At the secondary and collegiate stages – full
freedom – to establish common or separate girls
institutions
• Steps – to appoint – women teachers –
secondary and university institutions – girls are
attending
• Separate retiring rooms and sanitary
conveniences – for girls

24. Practical Activities for Women Development
• Provision of teacher’s quarters
• Special allowance for women teachers
serving in rural areas
• Building up a cadre of teaching from amongst
adult women through the provision of
condensed courses to upgrade their
qualifications
• The recruitment of school mothers
• Construction of hostels etc.