TEMPERATURE
COMPOSITION OF THE ATMOSPHERE
Layers of the ATMOSPHERE
WEATHER and CLIMATE
LATITUDINAL ZONES
ELEMENTS & CONTROLS OF WEATHER & CLIMATE
WARM MAJOR CURRENTS OF THE WORLD
Land Breeze & Sea Breeze
"Solving the climate crisis is within our grasp, but we need people like you to STAND UP AND ACT."
AL GORE
Founder and Chairman,
The Climate Reality Project
TEMPERATURE
COMPOSITION OF THE ATMOSPHERE
Layers of the ATMOSPHERE
WEATHER and CLIMATE
LATITUDINAL ZONES
ELEMENTS & CONTROLS OF WEATHER & CLIMATE
WARM MAJOR CURRENTS OF THE WORLD
Land Breeze & Sea Breeze
"Solving the climate crisis is within our grasp, but we need people like you to STAND UP AND ACT."
AL GORE
Founder and Chairman,
The Climate Reality Project
Newton’s laws of motion are part of physics which is a branch of science that we often ignore in our everyday lives. These laws deal with how objects move when force is applied to them. Newton’s laws of motion have been considered in the manufacture of cars and their safety.
The surface of the earth is divided into four inter-connected spheres called "geo-spheres". These are the lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere. Geologists, scientists and researchers discovered and classified life and material on or near the surface of the earth in these four spheres. The four spheres derived its names from the Greek words litho for stone, atmo for air, hydro for water and bio for life.
The Continental Drift Theory, The Seafloor Spreading Theory and The Plate Tectonics Theory are the three important theories taking place in our planet.
Astronomy is known as the science of the entire universe beyond the Earth. It includes the Earth’s gross physical properties: its mass and rotation, as they interact with other bodies of the solar system.
A projectile is an object upon which the only force acting is gravity. There are many examples of projectiles. An object dropped from rest is a projectile as long as that the influence of air resistance is negligible. An object that is thrown vertically upward is also a projectile provided that the influence of air resistance is negligible. And an object which is thrown upward at an angle to the horizontal is also a projectile as long as that the influence of air resistance is negligible. A projectile is any object that once projected or dropped continues in motion by its own inertia and is influenced only by the downward force of gravity.
Periodic Table is the tabular arrangement of all the chemical elements which are organized based on atomic numbers, electronic configurations and existing chemical properties.
"The incredible thing is that after that, efforts were not undertaken to curb emissions of greenhouse gases, which are today, now that CFC emissions have been curtailed, the main cause of the destruction of ozone worldwide."-Bedrich Magas
Chemistry is involved with various and diverse interactions of matter either around us or simply inside the laboratory. These are described using the language of chemistry which consists of symbols, formulas and equations.
One of the major topics in physics is motion. Everything around us moves. Motion is all about forces. Force is the one that acts upon an object to move, or to change its motion.
The scientific study of the distribution and abundance of living organisms and how the distribution and abundance are affected by interactions between the organisms and their environment.
Cells are the basic units of life. All living things are made up of cells. Some animals and plants consist of only one cell. Other plants and animals are made up of many cells. The body of a man has more than a million of cells (100 trillion cells). A cell is composed primarily of four elements – carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen and trace elements. Living things are composed of over 60% water. The major building substances of cells are proteins.
Genetics is the science of studying how living things pass on characteristics or traits and its variations in their cell make-up from one generation to the other.
Thermodynamics is the branch of physics involved with studies on the effects of changes in temperature, pressure, and volume on physical systems at the macroscopic scale. It is done through the analysis of the collective motion of particles using statistics. The motions produced by the particles produce heat. Heat in thermodynamics means "energy in transit" and dynamics relates to "movement". Based on the said principle, thermodynamics studies the movement of energy and how energy instills movement. It is nice to note that this science in physics developed because of the dire need to increase the efficiency of early steam engines.
This is abaout tropical strom. my teacher gave the task to make a presentation explaining natural disasters. I and my group explain about tropical storm.
this is a presentation of cyclone.in this ppt, various types of cyclones are given.its effects, formation, different names, types, emergency response on cyclone is given
This document looks at the factors that affect weather and climate. The weather systems that also affect the Caribbean is also examined. These include ITCZ, Hurricanes, Cold Fronts, Easterly waves, Anticyclones
Second-level Digital Divide and experiences of Schools and TeachersLiwayway Memije-Cruz
The second-level digital divide, is referred to as the production gap, and it describes the gap that separates the consumers of content on the Internet from the producers of content.
Science and technology studies, or science, technology and society studies (STS) is the study of how society, politics, and culture affect scientific research and technological innovation, and how these, in turn, affect society, politics and culture.
A hydrocarbon is a molecule whose structure includes only hydrogen and carbon atoms. Hydrocarbons form bonds with other atoms in order to create organic compounds.
Hydrocarbon derivatives are based on simple hydrocarbon compounds that contain only hydrogens and carbons. Hydrocarbon derivatives contain at least one element other than hydrogen or carbon, such as oxygen, nitrogen or one of the halogen atoms (elements in column 7A of the Periodic Table.
Organic reactions are chemical reactions involving organic compounds. Organic reactions are used in the construction of new organic molecules. The production of many man-made chemicals such as drugs, plastics, food additives, fabrics depend on organic reactions.
Organic chemistry involves the study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation of carbon-containing compounds, which include not only hydrocarbons but also compounds with any number of other elements, including hydrogen (most compounds contain at least one carbon–hydrogen bond), nitrogen, oxygen, halogens, phosphorus, silicon, and sulfur.
This branch of chemistry was originally limited to compounds produced by living organisms but has been broadened to include human-made substances such as plastics. The range of application of organic compounds is enormous and also includes, but is not limited to, pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, food, explosives, paints, and cosmetics.
Organic chemistry is the study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation of carbon-containing compounds, which include not only hydrocarbons but also compounds with any number of other elements, including hydrogen (most compounds contain at least one carbon–hydrogen bond), nitrogen, oxygen,
Science and technology studies, or science, technology and society studies (STS) is the study of how society, politics, and culture affect scientific research and technological innovation, and how these, in turn, affect society, politics and culture.
Isomers are molecules with the same molecular formula, but different structural or spatial arrangements of the atoms within the molecule. The reason there are such a colossal number of organic compounds which is more than 10 million is partly due to isomerism.
Apportionment is Apportionment involves dividing something up, just like fair division.
Voting is a method for a group, such as, a meeting or an electorate to make a collective decision or express an opinion, usually following discussions, debates or election campaigns.
Lipid metabolism entails the oxidation of fatty acids to either generate energy or synthesize new lipids from smaller constituent molecules. Lipid metabolism is associated with carbohydrate metabolism, as products of glucose (such as acetyl CoA) can be converted into lipids.
A Hamiltonian path is a path that visits each vertex of the graph exactly once.
A Hamiltonian circuit is a path that uses each vertex of a graph exactly once and returns to the starting vertex.
Carbohydrate metabolism involves the different biochemical processes responsible for the formation, breakdown, and interconversion of carbohydrates in living organisms.
A graph is a diagram displaying data which show the relationship between two or more quantities, measurements or indicative numbers that may or may not have a specific mathematical formula relating them to each other.
Every organism is composed of several different types of human body tissue. The human body tissue is another way of describing how our cells are grouped together in a highly organized manner according to specific structure and function. These groupings of cells form tissues, which then make up organs and various parts of the body.
Reproduction means producing offspring that may or may not be exact copies of their parents. It is a part of a life cycle, which is a series of events wherein individuals grow, develop, and reproduce according to a program of instructions encoded in DNA, which they inherit from their parents. When cells divide, each daughter cell receives a complete copy of DNA and enough cytoplasmic machinery to start up its own operation. DNA contains the blueprints for making different proteins.
.Enzymes are proteins that catalyze or speed up chemical reactions. They also help digest the foods we eat food and heal our wounds. They play major roles in respiration, making proteins, and DNA replication..
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
8. Anticyclone formation
Anticyclones form from
air masses cooling more
than their surroundings,
which causes the air to
contract slightly making
the air more dense.
Since dense air weighs
more, the weight of the
atmosphere overlying a
locatiion increases,
causing increased
surface air pressure.
11. Monsoons
Monsoons, or rainy
seasons, are a shift in
wind direction which
causes excessive
rainfall in many parts of
the world including
Asia.
seasonal land sea
breeze
a shift in global wind
patterns
13. Chinook winds
The chinook winds
can be a nice
warming wind
bringing instant spring
in the middle of winter
or a howling
destructive
windstorm. Chinook
winds can raise
temperatures by 25 to
35 degrees in
minutes, melt snow
completely, sandblast
cars, collapse