The document discusses different types of winds and how they are caused. It explains that temperature variations between different regions of the Earth due to uneven heating from the sun lead to differences in air pressure and the formation of wind. Winds blow in three main circulation cells in each hemisphere - Hadley, Ferrel, and polar cells - helping to transport heat from the equator to poles. Primary winds include trade winds and westerlies that blow throughout the year between latitudes. Secondary winds change seasonally, like land and sea breezes. Local winds are influenced by local geographic features. Aeolian processes refer to how wind erosion, transportation, and deposition can shape the Earth's surface over time.

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Things Simplified
( A New Perspective )

2. 
 Wind can be defined as air currents or moving mass of air from high pressure
areas to low pressure areas.
 Or in simple words, it may be defined as the movement of air which may be
felt.
Wind

3. 
 The main source of Earth’s heat energy is sun.
 But due to changes in Earth’s surface and atmosphere all parts of Earth do not
receive this energy equally.
 To add to this problem are the tilt and rotation of Earth.
 As a result, there is uneven distribution of heat energy on Earth which results in
temperature variations in various regions of the Earth.
 Due to these temperature variations the regions of high and low pressure build
and winds start blowing.
Temperature Variation

4. 
 The winds help maintain the temperature of earth by transporting the heat
from much hotter equator to poles of Earth.
 Earth is divided into two hemispheres by equator - Northern and Southern
hemisphere.
 In each hemisphere three cells exist namely Hadley, Ferrel and Polar cell in
which these winds blow.
 These three cells cover the full Earth and form major part of circulation of
energy across the atmosphere.
 The movement of air in these cells has been further explained in the upcoming
slides.
Three Cells of Air
Circulation

5. 
 Coriolis effect or force is generally observed on the objects which are in
motion.
 The effect of the Coriolis force is an apparent deflection of the path of an
object that moves within a rotating coordinate system. The object does not
actually deviate from its path, but it appears to do so because of the motion of
the coordinate system.
Coriolis Effect

6. 
Types of Winds
Types of
Winds
Planetary
Trade
Polar
Easterlies
Westerlies
Periodic
Land & Sea
Breeze
Mountain &
Valley Breeze
Local

7. 
 Primary Winds or Planetary Winds
The winds blowing throughout the year from one latitude to another in
response to latitudinal differences in air pressure are called “planetary or
prevailing winds”. They involve large areas of the globe.
 The Westerlies
 Polar Easterlies
 Trade Winds
 North East
 South East
Types of Winds

8. 
 Secondary Winds or Periodic Winds - Periodic winds change their direction
periodically with the change in season.
 Land Breeze and Sea Breeze
 Valley Breeze and Mountain Breeze
 Tertiary Winds or Local Winds - Local winds are the ordinary winds. They are
influenced by various landforms such as vegetation, hill, plains, water bodies,
mountains and so on. They blow variedly and the changes are because of
different temperatures and pressure regions locally.
 Loo
 Foehn or Fohn
 Chinook
 Mistral
 Sirocco
Types of Wind

9. 
Aeolian processes pertain to wind activity in the study of geology and weather and
specifically to the wind's ability to change the surface of the Earth. Various Aeolian
processes are given below:
 Erosion
 Deflation
 Abrasion
 Transportation
 Creep
 Suspension
 Saltation
 Deposition
 Sand Dunes
 Leoss
Aeolian Processes

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