Matter and forces power point 5º

1. • Physical changes are changes
affecting the form of a chemical
substance, but not its chemical
composition. Physical changes are
used to separate mixtures into their
component compounds, but can not
usually be used to separate
compounds into chemical elements
or simple compounds.

5. Properties of matter

6.  Hardness: It´s something that it isn´t
soft, is solid for the touch.
Density: Is the relation between the
mass and the volume of an object.
Solubility: Is the ability to make
something dissolve in other
substance.

7. Volume: Is the quantity that matter
ocuppies.
Mass: Mass is matter in an object (For
example a bed is heaviest than a box)
Thermal conductivity: Is the heat that
can an object produce for example a
frying pan.

9. SEPARATION OF MIXTURES:
• In a natural state of substances generally they
form mixtures. There are methods to separate the
components that form so you must take into
account the natural state of the mixture and its
components. There are a lot of chemicals to
identify, are separated in simple homogeneous
systems to meet their use and composition, using
processes that are called Chemical Analysis.
There are several methods for separating the
components of a mixture.

10. DECANTING:
•
• It is used for separating mixtures of solids and liquids or
over two or more not soluble immiscible liquids. It is to
let stand the liquid containing solid particles in
suspension. Then he carefully decanted fluid less dense
to another container, a glass rod can be used to
retained some solid particle trying to pass. This
technique is also used with immiscible liquids, such as
oil and water. It is frequently employed separating
funnel or decantation. The mixture is placed into the
funnel and when they are differentiated the two sides,
the key opens and liquid are separated. It belongs to
the top layer and is less dense liquid into the funnel.

12. FILTRATION:
• It is used to separate them insoluble solids in liquids.
The separation is done by means that retain porous
solid particles and let the liquid flow; some are: Filter
paper. Felt. Porous porcelain. Cotton. Glass wool.
Arena. Coal. According fence mixture is filtered.

14. evaporation

15.  Evaporation is a type of vaporization of
a liquid that occurs from the surface of a liquid
into a gaseous phase that is not saturated with
the evaporating substance. The other type of
vaporization is boiling, which is characterized by
bubbles of saturated vapor forming in the liquid
phase. Steam produced in a boiler is another
example of evaporation occurring in a saturated
vapor phase.

16. EVAPORATION:
• To separate the components of a solution often
used for distillation; also it used to purify the
liquids. The water is distilled in order to remove
the salts contained in it. The distillation is based
on the difference in the boiling points of its
components. The solution is heated and the
vapors are concentrated, the substance having a
lower boiling point more volátil9 it becomes steam
before the other, this first substance is passed to
the condenser to carry liquid state. The text
exceeds the character limit.

18. DESTILLATION
Destillation is a process to
separate the substances of a
component from a
liquid mixture by evaporation and
condensation.

19. DESTILLATION:
• Solutions homogeneous systems or mixtures of
immiscible liquids may be separated by status
changes "freezing. evaporation and
condensation" to separate the components of a
solution often used for distillation; also it used to
purify the liquids. The water is distilled in order to
remove the salts contained in it. The distillation is
based on the difference in the boiling points of its
components. The solution is heated and the
vapors are concentrated, the substance having a
lower boiling point more volátil9 it becomes steam
before the other, this first substance is passed to
the condenser to carry liquid state.

20. NATURAL MATERIALS
Natural materials are made of
the nature they come from
the rock, the wood. We made
houses and others things and
the minerals.

21. ARTIFICIAL
Artificial materials are
made by people. We
create them for that,
we used natural
materials which
become artificial.For
example, with wood
we make paper and
with minerals, we
make glass.

22. Experiment
In this experiment we are going to distinguish some
materials that are :
Natural plants and artificial plants.
We are going to distinguish this materials to discover
what material are they made up each plant and we are
going to see if a natural plant it breaks easlier than the
artificial plants.

24. WHY SOME OBJECT SINK
Because when i put a material that weigh
The object sink for example : Phone , computer
and skateboard .

25. When you place an object in the water, gravity forces
down to an object in the water. Buoyancy force that
liquids have to make objects less dense rise to the
surface. Gravity is the opposite force of buoyancy.
Objects with a very high average density sink.
Objects with a low average density float.
Objects that can float are: an apple, a lemon ,plastic
slippers….

26. Lemon: low density
and floats
Metal part: very high
density and sinks.

27. EXPERIMENT
We have to take a jug, we have to put water in the jug.
Can a potato sink or flout in water?
And Can ice flout or sink in water?
ICE
POTATO

28. Why a ship can float?

29. It is a state of matter in which the molecules
move freely in space.
Gases
It is a state of matter in which the molecules
are together and sorted.
Solids
Is a state of matter in which the molecules
have a volume but not a fixed shape.
Liquids

30. Experiments
states of matter

32. A glass with ice cubes
 You have to put in a
glass a piece of ice and
heat 62,38s . After you
take it out carefully and
...... This ia a liquid.
 Now, you put a glass
with water and heat it.
It becomes gas.

33. Different materials
You need a glass dish
with water and a candle.
You have to put water,
and a candle in the
bowl, after that you lit
up the candle and …

35. What is a contact force?
A contact force is a force that acts at
the point of contact between two
objects, in contrast to body forces.

36. Friction
Is the force that exist
when two objects rub
against each other. It
acts in the opposite
direction to the
movement and it can
slow down or stop a
moving object. For
example when you go
on a kayak.

37. Buoyancy
Is the ability that makes the objects float. It acts in
the opposite direction to gravity on objects on
liquid water.

38. NON – CONTACT FORCES
MAGNETISM
Magnetism is a
force of
attraction or
repulsion
caused by
magnetic
materials.
GRAVIT
YGravity is a forces
which attracts all
object towards
each other .
Gravity stops every
thing on Earth from
flying off into outer
space and also
causes object to
fall to the ground.

39. EXPERIMENTS
Magnetism:
We have to take a magnet and screws. You take the
magnet and you pass over the screws and the
magnet attracts all the screws.
Buoyancy:
We take a glass with water and an ice cube. We put
the ice cube inside the glass with water. When we
put the ice cube into the glass , gravity pulls down
the ice but the buoyancy makes ice float around and
the water rises up.

40. PURE SUBSTANCES
A pure substance is a substance that cannot be
separated by physical means. A pure substance
is made up of particle. A pure substance can be
divided in two groups, elements and
compounds.

41. MIXTURES
The substances in a mixture can be
separated using physical methods. Mixtures
have variable compositions.

42. JUAN SÁEZ PÉREZ

43. DIFfERENCES
HOMOGENEOUS
MIXTURE
oThe HOMOGENEOUS
mixtures are the mixtures
that we can´t distinguish
its components because
they are very small or
they are dissolved.
HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE
oThe HETEROGENEOUS
mixtures are the mixtures that
we can distinguish its different
components.
The difference is that in one mixture we can see his components and in the
other we can´t do it.
For example if
we put sand with
water we can see
the different
components.
For example if we
put paint with
water we can´t see
the components.

44. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
MIXTURES,PURES SUSTANCES AND
DISOLUTION
 Pure substances is a material that is composed of
only one type of particles.
 Mixtures is a material system made up of two or
more different substances which are mixed.
 Disolution is a process where the water is used.
It´s a mixture where a solid is dissolved in a liquid
substance.

45. Pure substance
Mixture
Disolution

46. MIXTURE
Heterogeneous
mixture
Homogeneous
mixture

47. heterogeneous mixtures
Experiment: I mix a half glass water and oil with some
coloring, then we put an effervescent tablet, then it
begins to have the effect of a gas lamp.
Lamp lava

48. Homogeneous mixtures
Experiment: we toss in a container milk, and
chocolate, and we beat in the freezero
ice cream of
chocolate