This document discusses various methods for separating mixtures: 1) Magnetic separation uses magnets to separate mixtures containing ferromagnetic substances like iron from other substances. 2) Decantation separates heterogeneous mixtures into layers by taking advantage of differences in density, such as separating oil and water. 3) Filtration uses filters to separate solids from liquids, such as removing coffee grounds from coffee. 4) Evaporation boils off and removes liquids from mixtures by heating, such as using evaporation ponds to produce salt from seawater. 5) Distillation separates homogeneous mixtures into their component liquids based on differences in boiling points, such as separating ethanol from water.

1. WAYS ON SEPARATING MIXTURES
Jaymar Kevin A. Padayao

2. SEPARATING MIXTURES
MAGNETIC
SEPARATION
DECANTATION
EVAPORATION
FILTRATION
DESTILACION

3. MAGNETIC SEPARATION
We can use magnetic
separation if we want to
separate heterogenous
mixtures that consist of
substances attracted by
magnets (iron) and
substances that not (sand,
wood…).
Scrap metal and iron INDUSTRY

4. DECANTATION
It is used to separate heterogenous mixtures made up of two liquids
with different density that cannot mix together like water and oil or
one liquid and a solid.
OIL
WATER
The liquid with a higher density
will stay at the bottom (water)
of the container and the less
dense will float (oil).
If we open the tap the liquid with more
density will leave the container. When
everything has left it, we close the tap and
both liquids are already separated.
We can also separate a solid
and a liquid.
Solid substances will sink to the
bottom of the container. When
we decant (separate) a liquid,
we pour off the liquid so the
solid remains in that container.

5. FILTRATION
It is used to separate heterogenous mixtures made up of one liquid and a solid that
is not dissolve in that liquid such as water and sand (or water and coffee).
A filter is used to catch the particles but allow the
liquid to pass. Coffee grounds can be separated from
liquid in this way.
Filters in face mask are used to prevent germs
spreading thorugh the air as we breathe.

6. EVAPORATION
It is used when a homogenous mixture is
made up of a liquid and a solid such as
the salt water.
If you heat the mixture, the liquid will
turn into vapour/steam (evaporates) and
the solid will remain (stay behind).
EVAPORATION is used to remove water in
salt evaporation ponds. The sun heats
the mixture, the water evaporates and
the salt is left behind.

7. DISTILLATION
It is used to separate homogenous mixtures made up of 2 liquids with different
boiling points (temperature). For example: water and ethanol.
BOTH liquids are heated and because of the ethanol has a lower boiling point than water
The ethanol evaporated first and form vapour. This vapour is then collected and
cooled, resulting in pure ethanol.

8. CHANGES OF MATTER
PHYSICAL CHANGES CHEMICAL CHANGES
The material takes a different shape but
it still has the same properties
The material is tranformed into different
substances (its properties change).
Reversible (can be undone)
Irreversible (can not be undone)
COMBUSTION
(burn)
FERMENTATION
OXIDATION
(in contact with
the air (oxide))
Wood into ashes and smoke
Milk into cheese or yoghurt

9. CHEMICAL CHANGES
The properties of the original substance are changed
A new substance is created
SO
DURING...
COMBUSTION OXIDATION FERMENTATION
Produces energy in form of
heat and light. It happens
when oxygen from the
atmosphere reacts with a fuel
(substance that can be burnt easily)
(wood, oil petrol...)
The result are other substances
such as ashes or smokes and
ENERGY
Some metals react when they
are exposed to air (oxygen in
the air). The result is a brown
new substance called rust.
It also occurs in some foods.
Apples oxidise when they are
peeled or cut.
Fugi (produce alcohol) or
bacteria (produce lactic acid)
change organic substances into
other substances.
It is used to make foods such as
cheese, bread or drinks such as
wine also to decompose food.
This happens naturally.

10. CHEMICAL CHANGES
COMBUSTION
OXIDATION
FERMENTATION
FUEL
(gas, petrol, wood…)
OXYGEN ENERGY
(heat or light)
ASHES
OR
SMOKES
BURN
METAL
(or food)
oxygen RUST
(brown layer that appears in metals
after being exposed to oxygen)
GRAPE-JUICE FUNGI WINE
BARLEY FUNGI BEER

11. BASIC QUESTIONS!
•Which has more density, salt water or fresh water?
•What are the three states of matter?
•What is magnetism?
•What are two properties of liquids?
•What are two properties of solids?
•What are two properties of gases?
•Are drawing pins magnetic?

13. Type of mixtureWays of separating mixtures… Substances Tool

14. IT is used to separate heterogenous mixtures
IT is used to separate heterogenous mixtures
IT is used to separate heterogenous mixtures
IT is used to separate homogenous mixtures
IT is used to separate homogenous mixtures
MAGNETIC SEPARATIONDECANTATION
EVAPORATION
FILTRATION
DESTILACION It separates a solid from another solid
It separates a solid dissolved in a liquid
It separates two liquids dissolved in a mixture
It separates two liquids with different
densities or one solid undissolved in a
liquid
It separates a solid undissolved in a liquid
MAGNET
FILTER
DECANTER
ENERGY
(HEAT)
ENERGY (HEAT) AND (COLD)