Management involves both art and science. There are different management styles such as reactive and proactive styles that can be punitive or supportive. The basic functions of management include planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling. Planning models and principles of organization like the unity of command are discussed. Employee motivation and performance are influenced by factors like ability, motivation, environment, and the manager. Controlling involves setting standards, measurement, comparison, and taking corrective actions. The balanced scorecard provides a framework to view an organization across financial, customer, internal process, and learning/growth perspectives.