2. “ Management is establishing an effective
environment for people operating in formal
operational groups”
Koontz and O’Donnell
Madan Kumar
M.A.,M.A.,B.Ed.,M.Phil.,M.B.A.,
3. • Management is the process of getting things
done with the aim of achieving goals
effectively and efficiently .
• PROCESS
• EFFECTIVENESS
• EFFICIANCY
Madan Kumar
M.A.,M.A.,B.Ed.,M.Phil.,M.B.A.,
4. • Process – Planning, organizing, staffing,
directing and controlling
• Effectiveness – doing the right task in a given
time
• Efficiency – Minimum cost , Minimum
resources
Madan Kumar
M.A.,M.A.,B.Ed.,M.Phil.,M.B.A.,
5. Characteristics /Features of
Management
• Management is a Goal oriented process
• Management is Continuous process
• Management is a Dynamic function
• Management is an Intangible force
• Management is a Group activity
• Management is Multidimensional
Goal is the continuous, dynamic and intangible of
multidimensional group
Madan Kumar
M.A.,M.A.,B.Ed.,M.Phil.,M.B.A.,
6. Objectives of Management
• Organizational or Economic objective -
Survival, Profit , Growth
• Social objective
• Personal objective-
Financial needs
Social needs
Higher level needs
Madan Kumar
M.A.,M.A.,B.Ed.,M.Phil.,M.B.A.,
7. Importance of Management
• Management increases efficiency
• Management helps in the development of the
society
• Management helps in achieving group goals
• Management creates a dynamic organisation
• Management helps in achieving personal
objectives
Madan Kumar
M.A.,M.A.,B.Ed.,M.Phil.,M.B.A.,
8. Levels of Management
• Top level Management
To coordinate the activities of different departments
To be responsible for welfare and survival of the
organization
To analyze the business environment and its
implications for the survival of the firm
To formulate overall organizational goals and strategies
for their achievement
To be responsible of all the activities of the business
and for its impact on the society
Madan Kumar
M.A.,M.A.,B.Ed.,M.Phil.,M.B.A.,
9. • Middle level management
To interpret the policies framed by top
management
To ensure that their department has the
necessary personnal
To assign necessary duties and responsibilites
To motivate employees of their respective
department to achive the desired objectives
To cooperate with other departments
Madan Kumar
M.A.,M.A.,B.Ed.,M.Phil.,M.B.A.,
10. • Operational or supervisory management
To oversee the efforts of the workforce
To pass on the instruction of the middle
management to the workers
To ensure that the quality of output is
maintained
To ensure safety standards are maintained.
Madan Kumar
M.A.,M.A.,B.Ed.,M.Phil.,M.B.A.,
11. Management is an Art
• Existence of theoretical knowledge
• Personalized application
• Based on continuous practice and creativity
Madan Kumar
M.A.,M.A.,B.Ed.,M.Phil.,M.B.A.,
12. Management as a science
• Systematized body of knowledge
• Principles based on observation and
experimentation
• Universal validity
Madan Kumar
M.A.,M.A.,B.Ed.,M.Phil.,M.B.A.,
13. • Management is both an art and a science …
you know why?
Madan Kumar
M.A.,M.A.,B.Ed.,M.Phil.,M.B.A.,
14. Management as a Profession
• Well – defined body of knowledge
• Restricted entry (this feature of profession is
not present in management)
• Professional association (presently this feature
of profession is not present in management)
• Ethical code of conduct
• Service motive
Madan Kumar
M.A.,M.A.,B.Ed.,M.Phil.,M.B.A.,
15. Coordination
(the essence of Management)
• It is the process by which a manager
synchronises the activities of different
department is called coordination.
Madan Kumar
M.A.,M.A.,B.Ed.,M.Phil.,M.B.A.,
16. Characteristics of coordination
• Coordination integrates group efforts
• Coordination ensures unity of action
• Coordination is a continuous process
• Coordination is a pervasive function
• Coordination is the responsibility of all
managers
Madan Kumar
M.A.,M.A.,B.Ed.,M.Phil.,M.B.A.,
17. Need and importance of Coordination
• Growth in size
• Individuals differ in their habits of work
• Functional differentiation
• Specialization
• Essence of managemnet .
Madan Kumar
M.A.,M.A.,B.Ed.,M.Phil.,M.B.A.,
