supervision

1. SUPERVISION
BY
SHALINI.B M.Sc(n)2nd year

3. MEANING
 The word is derived from two words super
means ‘above’ & vision means ‘I see’. In
other words, over seeing
 Supervision means overseeing the
employee at work.

4. DEFINITION
 Supervision is a kind of teaching which involves, advising,
helping, inspiring leading and liberating.
-Jean Barette
 Supervision is defined as a cooperative relationship
between a leader and one or more persons to accomplish
a particular purpose.
-Lambertson

5. AIMS

6. NATURE OF SUPERVISION
 Supervision earlier conceived as inspecting and finding
fault.
 Supervision much more than inspection .
 Now the modern concept of supervision is to guide and
help the subordinates in their work by training ,educating ,
guiding and counselling
 Supervision includes inspecting another work evaluating
his/her performance and approving/correcting
performance.

7. TYPES
Generally there are two types of supervision
1. Direct supervision
2. Indirect supervision

8. DIRECT SUPERVISION
 Face to face with worker
 Important point to be remembered while
direct supervision
o Do not loose temper.
o Use democratic approach.
o Give chance worker to reply.
o Do not talk to much or fast.
o Be human

9. EXAMPLES
 Institutional setting
Efficacy of nursing care services rendered to the patients .
 In Community setting
Home visits.
Enumeration of eligible.
Conducting clinic activities.
Conduct of mother’s meetings.

10. INDIRECT SUPERVISION

11. INDIRECT SUPERVISION
 With help of record and report of worker.
 Ensure every worker is carrying out allotted work as
per plan.
 Analyze monthly progress report of worker.
 Providing support and guidance to all worker.
 Ensure worker is utilizing full capacity in job.

12. EXAMPLES
INSITITUTIONAL SETTING

14. PURPOSES
 Inspect.
 Evaluate.
 Promoting motivation among
staff nurse.
 Promoting team work.
 Bridging up the gap between the
worker’s personal and
organizational goals.

15. OBJECTIVES

17. FUNCTIONS

19. OTHER FUNCTIONS

20. SUPERVISION CRITERIA
 Following performance elements should be appraised.
Quality of work output
Quantity of work output
Time use
Utilization of resources
Assistance to co -worker

21. PRINCIPLES
Supervision
should not be
overburdened to
any individual or
group.
Supervision
causing
unreasonable
pressure for
achievements
results in low
performance and
low confidence in
the supervisor.
Supervise
diagnosis do not
overestimate his
understanding
and memory.
Human behavior
with due
consideration to
human
weaknesses. This
should be kept in
minds of
supervisors.

23. Supervision
should foster
the ability of
each staff
member to
think and act
for
herself/himself.
Supervision
should
encourages
worker’s
participation in
decision
making.
Supervision
needs good
communication.
Supervision
should have
strength to
influence
downwards
depends on
capacity to
influence
upwards.
Supervision is a
process of
cooperation and
coordination. v
Supervision
should create
suitable climate
for productive
work.

24. v Supervision
should give
autonomy to
workers
depending from
personality,
competence
and
characteristics.
v Supervision
should respect
the personality
of the staff.
v Supervision
should
stimulate the
workers/staff
ambitions to
grow in
effectiveness.
v Supervision
should focus on
continued stag
growth and
development.
v Supervision is
responsible for
checking and
guidance.
v Good
leadership is
part of good
supervision.

25. METHODS OF SUPERVISION

26. STEPS IN SUPERVISION
Enlist the purpose &
objectives of supervision
as a supervisor
Identify the task to be
supervised ,specifically
Decide criteria for
evaluation and prepare
performance appraisal
tool criteria should be
fixed and uniformity
should be maintained
Conduct supervision for
the concerned worker
for a specific activity
and visualize the
practical problem in
performing activity
Following the supervision
,fill the performa and
evaluate it throughly

27. TECHNIQUE OF SUPERVISION
 Individual and group conference
 Anecdotal record
 Supervision of nursing procedure
 Reassurance
 Incidental teaching
 Observation (Check List) and rating scale
 Written Policies

28. QUALITIES OF SUPERVISOR
 Aware to rule & regulation and situation
 Thoroughness
 Fairness
 Initiative
 Enthusiasm
 Emotional
 control
 Personal qualification
 Good judgment
 Sympathetic

29.  Intelligence
 Teaching ability
 General outlook
 Skill, knowledge and attitude required for
supervision
 Interpersonal & professional skills
Professional and technical knowledge
Attitude

30. DUTIES OF SUPERVISOR
• Understand the duties and responsibilities of his own
position.
• Plan the execution of work
• Divide the work among subordinates and direct and
assist them.
• Improve his own knowledge as technical expert and
leader.
• Improve his work method.
• Train the personnel

31. • Evaluate the performance of employee.
• Correct the mistakes and solve the problem of employee.
• Develop discipline among employee
• Keep subordinate informed about policies and procedure
of the organization.
• Cooperate the colleagues.
• Deal with employees suggestions and complaints.

32. FACTORS AFFECTING SUPERVISION
 Nature of the work.
 Quality of planning.
 Extent of delegation.
 Environment ,time and duration of
supervision.

33. TIPS FOR A NURSE TO BE A GOOD
SUPERVISOR