The document describes various parts of the respiratory system and their functions, respiratory diseases including their symptoms, prevention and treatment methods. It discusses organs like nose, larynx, trachea, lungs and their roles. Diseases explained are COPD, sinusitis, pneumonia, bronchitis, lung cancer and their prevention through lifestyle changes and available treatments like surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy etc.

2.  Supplies the blood oxygen so that the
blood can deliver oxygen to all parts of
the body.
 Removes carbon dioxide waste that cells
produce.

4. -the respiratory organ through which air is
inhaled and exhaled.
- involved in air intake, i.e. they bring
air into the nose, where air is warmed and
humidified. The tiny hairs called cilia filters out
dust and other particles present in the air and
protects the nasal passage and other regions of the
respiratory tract.
-a part of the nostrils lined with
coarse hair. It filters and humidifies the air that
enters the nasal cavity.

5. -a tubular part of the respiratory system
which allows the passage of air to the lungs. It is located
behind the nasal and oral cavities.
-connects the upper portion of the
throat with the nasal cavity.
-located between the soft palate
and upper part of epiglottis.
-located below the epiglottis. It
opens into the esophagus and larynx.
-a flap-like structure which prevents food
from entering the trachea at the time of swallowing.
The epiglottis is composed of cartilaginous tissue and is
located at the opening of the larynx (back of our
tongue); it is covered with mucous.

6. -a part of the respiratory system which connects
the trachea with laryngopharynx.The larynx controls the
flow of air while breathing.
The larynx, which is also known as sound box is formed of
cartilages.
Epiglottis, thyroid and cricoid are the three important
cartilages of larynx.
-known as the windpipe extends from larynx
to the bronchi. In fact, the trachea is branched into bronchi.
It facilitates the flow of air towards the bronchi.
The trachea lies to the anterior side of the esophagus; it has
a tubular structure with 1 inch. diameter and a length of
4.25 inch. Length of the trachea spans between the 6th
cervical and 5th thoracic vertebrae.
The trachea is composed of around 15-20 C-shaped pieces of
hyaline cartilage. These pieces are held together by tracheal
muscles.

7. -two air tubes that branch off of from
the trachea and carry atmospheric air directly into
the lungs.
-main organ of the respiratory system.They
are the site in body where oxygen is taken into and
carbon dioxide is expelled out. The red blood cells
present in the blood picks up the oxygen in the
lungs and carry and distribute the oxygen to all
body cells that need it. The red blood cells donate
the oxygen to the cells and picks up the carbon
dioxide produced by the cells.

8. -sac-shaped bodies present inside the
lungs. The alveoli function as an interface for the
exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the
lungs and capillaries.
-a dome-shaped muscle located at
the bottom of the lungs. Acts as a partition between
thoracic and abdominal cavity.

9. -diseases of the lung
where the airways become reduced in volume or
have free flow of gas impeded, making it more
difficult to move air in and out of the lung.
- Is the occurrence of chronic bronchitis or emphysema, a
pair of commonly co-existing diseases of the lungs in
which the airways become narrowed.[1] This leads to a
limitation of the flow of air to and from the
lungs, causing shortness of breath (dyspnea).
-caused by smoking cigarettes or other kind of irritants like
dust

10. illnesses
caused by an acute infection which involves the
upper respiratory
tract: nose, sinuses, pharynx or larynx
( common examples are sinusitis and common cold )
 Sinusitis -inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, which
may be due to infection, allergy, or autoimmune issues
an inflammatory condition of the lung
affecting primarily the microscopic air sacs (alveoli)
associated with fever, chest symptoms, and a lack of air
space on a chest .
-always due to a viral infection and
therefore does not require antibiotic therapy.

11. -a disease characterized by
uncontrolled cell growth in tissues of the lung. If left
untreated, this growth can spread beyond the lung in a
process called metastasis into nearby tissue
and, eventually, into other parts of the body. Most
cancers that start in lung, known as primary lung
cancers, are carcinomas that derive from epithelial cells.
The main types of lung cancer are small-cell lung
carcinoma (SCLC), also called oat cell cancer, and non-
small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). The most common
cause of lung cancer is long-term exposure to tobacco
smoke, which causes 80–90% of lung
cancers. Nonsmokers account for 10–15% of lung cancer
cases, and these cases are often attributed to a
combination of genetic
factors, radon gas, asbestos, and air
pollution including secondhand smoke.

12. Disease Prevention Detection Treatmen
t
COPD •Never smoke or •Increase of •Stem Cell
quit smoking. sputum therapy
•Avoid inhalation production •Bullecto
of lung irritants. •Chest my
tightness •Xiao
Chuan
treatment
Sinusitis •Sleep with the •nasal •Deconges
head of the bed congestion tants
elevated. Avoid •postnasal •Antibioti
air pollutants. drip cs like
•Eat a balanced amoxicil
diet and lin

13. Diseases Prevention Detection Treatment
Pneumonia •Stop •Cough • Chest X-
smoking. •Fever ray.
•Always •Shaking •Sputum
wash your chills test
hands. •Chest pain •Pulse
•Avoid oximetry
people who
have flu,
respiratory
tract
infections,
measles and
chickenpox.
•Acute •Fever,Chill •Albuterol
Bronchitis s inhalation

14. Diseases Prevention Detection Treatment
Lung cancer •Avoid •Cough •Surgery
smoking •Coughing up •Chemother
tobacco. blood apy
•Avoid (hemoptysis •Radiation
secondhand ) therapy
smoke. •Chest pain
•Shortness
of breath
•Wheezing
•Repeated
respiratory
infections,
such
as bronchiti
s or
pneumonia

15.  Bullectomy -
Resection of a bulla;
helpful in treating
some forms of
bullous
emphysema, in
which giant bullae
compress
functioning lung
tissue.

16.  Chemotherapy is the
treatment
of cancer with one or
more cytotoxic
antineoplastic drugs
("chemotherapeutic
agents") as part of
a standardized
regimen.

17.  Radiation Therapy
-the medical use
of ionizing
radiation, generall
y as part
of cancer
treatment to
control or
kill malignant cells

18. Gr