The respiratory system includes the nose, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and respiratory membranes in the pleural cavities. The nose and nasal cavity warm and humidify inhaled air and filter out particles. The lungs are located in the pleural cavities and are divided into lobes. Gas exchange occurs between the alveoli in the lungs and capillaries through a thin respiratory membrane. Various muscles such as the diaphragm and intercostal muscles aid in ventilation.

1. Explain the microscopic and gross anatomy of the respiratory system. Identify the pleural cavities, its membranes and the muscles of ventilation. Ch. 21: The Respiratory System

11. Laryngopharynx Oropharynx Nasopharynx

17. Tracheal Blockage or Heimlich Maneuver or abdominal thrust Tracheostomy

21. v v

23. SEM of alveoli

30. Pleural Membranes, cont’d Fig 21.13

31. Pneumothorax

32. Lungs