Smart cameras capture high-level descriptions of a scene and perform real-time analysis of what they see. These low-cost, low-power systems push the design space in many dimensions, making them a leading-edge
application for embedded system research.
Wi-Vi or wireless vision is one of the most modern technologies which use wireless fidelity or Wi-Fi as the core principle. Basically, it deals with tracking and manipulation of Wi-Fi signals.
Wi-Vi is used to image the obstacles or solids behind any wall or obstructions. The most important advantage of this is it is completely wireless and no cables or wires are used. Hence it becomes more suitable for usage in mobile devices and other lightweight technologies. Wireless facility also allows it to use in armed force and other security agencies.
As we know that SOANR and RADAR uses the principle of transmission and reflected waves, the Wi-Vi which uses the same principle can be called as an adaptation of those. But it also posses several differences and simpler apparatus. We will see those modifications on the coming pages of the paper.
Wi-Vi or wireless vision is one of the most modern technologies which use wireless fidelity or Wi-Fi as the core principle. Basically, it deals with tracking and manipulation of Wi-Fi signals.
Wi-Vi is used to image the obstacles or solids behind any wall or obstructions. The most important advantage of this is it is completely wireless and no cables or wires are used. Hence it becomes more suitable for usage in mobile devices and other lightweight technologies. Wireless facility also allows it to use in armed force and other security agencies.
As we know that SOANR and RADAR uses the principle of transmission and reflected waves, the Wi-Vi which uses the same principle can be called as an adaptation of those. But it also posses several differences and simpler apparatus. We will see those modifications on the coming pages of the paper.
Seminar on Home Automation Using Raspberry PiBittu Kumar
This is the seminar on "Home automation using raspberry pi" which is helpful for the final year college going student. I have covered the basic under standing about the components and working of the home automation.
At Softroniics we provide job oriented training for freshers in IT sector. We are Pioneers in all leading technologies like Android, Java, .NET, PHP, Python, Embedded Systems, Matlab, NS2, VLSI etc. We are specializiling in technologies like Big Data, Cloud Computing, Internet Of Things (iOT), Data Mining, Networking, Information Security, Image Processing, Mechanical, Automobile automation and many other. We are providing long term and short term internship also.
We are providing short term in industrial training, internship and inplant training for Btech/Bsc/MCA/MTech students. Attached is the list of Topics for Mechanical, Automobile and Mechatronics areas.
MD MANIKANDAN-9037291113,04954021113
softroniics@gmail.com
www.softroniics.com
Embedded systems, especially in-vehicle embedded systems, are ubiquitously related to our everyday life. The development of embedded systems greatly facilitates the comfort of people’s life, changes our view of things, and has a significant impact on society
WIMAX stands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access.WiMAX refers to broadband wireless networks that are based on the IEEE 802.16 standard, which ensures compatibility and interoperability between broadband wireless access equipment.
India's greatest threat is the safety of its women. Women do not feel safe in a variety of situations. This needs to be addressed as quickly as feasible. Technology evolves and develops on a daily basis, affecting how people live. As a result, the focus of this article is on modernising the technological framework in order to strengthen women's safety mechanisms. We introduce a new security method in this study to protect women during unusual behaviours. A new security technique based on a patrolling robot using the Raspberry Pi has been proposed. In this case, a night vision camera can be employed to secure any location. Various machine learning methods are applied to improve the classifier's accuracy. The findings suggest that the suggested method outperforms existing methods.
Seminar on Home Automation Using Raspberry PiBittu Kumar
This is the seminar on "Home automation using raspberry pi" which is helpful for the final year college going student. I have covered the basic under standing about the components and working of the home automation.
At Softroniics we provide job oriented training for freshers in IT sector. We are Pioneers in all leading technologies like Android, Java, .NET, PHP, Python, Embedded Systems, Matlab, NS2, VLSI etc. We are specializiling in technologies like Big Data, Cloud Computing, Internet Of Things (iOT), Data Mining, Networking, Information Security, Image Processing, Mechanical, Automobile automation and many other. We are providing long term and short term internship also.
We are providing short term in industrial training, internship and inplant training for Btech/Bsc/MCA/MTech students. Attached is the list of Topics for Mechanical, Automobile and Mechatronics areas.
MD MANIKANDAN-9037291113,04954021113
softroniics@gmail.com
www.softroniics.com
Embedded systems, especially in-vehicle embedded systems, are ubiquitously related to our everyday life. The development of embedded systems greatly facilitates the comfort of people’s life, changes our view of things, and has a significant impact on society
WIMAX stands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access.WiMAX refers to broadband wireless networks that are based on the IEEE 802.16 standard, which ensures compatibility and interoperability between broadband wireless access equipment.
India's greatest threat is the safety of its women. Women do not feel safe in a variety of situations. This needs to be addressed as quickly as feasible. Technology evolves and develops on a daily basis, affecting how people live. As a result, the focus of this article is on modernising the technological framework in order to strengthen women's safety mechanisms. We introduce a new security method in this study to protect women during unusual behaviours. A new security technique based on a patrolling robot using the Raspberry Pi has been proposed. In this case, a night vision camera can be employed to secure any location. Various machine learning methods are applied to improve the classifier's accuracy. The findings suggest that the suggested method outperforms existing methods.
It is a presentation for the Embedded System Basics. It will be very useful for the engineering students who need to know the basics of Embedded System.
Embedded System, EMBEDDED SYSTEM: AN INTRODUCTION, ELEMENTS OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS, CORE THE OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM, CHARACTERISTICS & QUALITY ATTRIBUTES OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS, EMBEDDED HARDWARE FROM SOFTWARE PROGRAMMERS PERSPECTIVE,
Softmax function is an integral part of object detection frameworks based on most deep or shallow neural
networks. While the configuration of different operation layers in a neural network can be quite different,
softmax operation is fixed. With the recent advances in object detection approaches, especially with the
introduction of highly accurate convolutional neural networks, researchers and developers have suggested
different hardware architectures to speed up the overall operation of these compute-intensive algorithms.
Xilinx, one of the leading FPGA vendors, has recently introduced a deep neural network development kit for
exactly this purpose. However, due to the complex nature of softmax arithmetic hardware involving
exponential function, this functionality is only available for bigger devices. For smaller devices, this operation is
bound to be implemented in software. In this paper, a light-weight hardware implementation of this function
has been proposed which does not require too many logic resources when implemented on an FPGA device.
The proposed design is based on the analysis of the statistical properties of a custom convolutional neural
network when used for classification on a standard dataset i.e. CIFAR-10. Specifically, instead of using a brute
force approach to design a generic full precision arithmetic circuit for SoftMax function using real numbers, an
approximate integer-only design has been suggested for the limited range of operands encountered in realworld
scenario. The approximate circuit uses fewer logic resources since it involves computing only a few
iterations of the series expansion of exponential function. However, despite using fewer iterations, the function
has been shown to work as good as the full precision circuit for classification and leads to only minimal error
being introduced in the associated probabilities. The circuit has been synthesized using Hardware Description
Language (HDL) Coder and Vision HDL toolboxes in Simulink® by Mathworks® which provide higher level
abstraction of image processing and machine learning algorithms for quick deployment on a variety of target
hardware. The final design has been implemented on a Xilinx FPGA development board i.e. Zedboard which
contains the necessary hardware components such as USB, Ethernet and HDMI interfaces etc. to implement a
fully working system capable of processing a machine learning application in real-time.
Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network: A Survey on Multimedia Sensorsidescitation
Recently due to progress in Complementary Metal
Oxide Semiconductor (CM OS) technology, Wireless
Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) become focus of
research in a broader range of applications. In this survey
paper different WMSNs applications, research & design
challenges are outlined. In addition to this, different available
commercial multimedia sensors are discussed in detail and
compared. Also other then commercial available multimedia
sensors, some experimental multimedia sensor prototypes are
discussed. In addition to this different experimental deployed
test beds for WMSNs are outlined. Also few Wireless Sensor
Networks (WSNs) simulators and emulators are reviewed.
Depending upon the requirement a few physical multimedia
sensors can be integrated or embedded within available
simulators to observe more accurate results or to visualize in
a better way.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
We develop custom Image Recognition systems for Aerospace and defence applications. Using algorithms like Deep Convolutional Neural Networks and Regional Convolutional Neural Networks.
Our algorithms for Target Recognition and Tracking are designed from the beginning to be run on embedded systems. We target both GPU and FPGA devices.
To Train and Validate our algorithms we developed a process to generate photorealistic 3D environments.
Those 3D Environments are used to produce realistic video streams of the targets in different environmental conditions (lighting, adverse meteorological conditions, camouflage, point-of-view).
The same technology can be used to Train and Test Automotive Vision Systems.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Nowadays, digital watermarking has many
applications such as broadcast monitoring, owner identification,
proof of ownership, transaction tracking. Embedding a hidden
stream of bits in a file is called Digital Watermarking. This paper
introduces a LSB information hiding algorithm which can lift the
wavelet transform image. LSB based Steganography embeds the
hiding text message in least significant bit of the pixels. The
proposed method has good invisibility, robustness for a lot of
hidden attacks. As we think about the capacity lead us to think
about improved approach which can be achieved through
hardware implementation system by using Field Programmable
Gate Array (FPGA). In this paper hardware implementation of
digital watermarking system is proposed. MATLAB is used to
convert images into pixel-format files and to observe simulation
results. To implement this paper XPS & VB are needed. In XPS,
first select hardware & software components then by adding
source and header files & converting into bit streams and
download into FPGA, to obtain Stego image.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
1. Smart Cameras as Embedded
Systems
B. Swarnalatha
M.Tech VLSI
12651D5710
Adams Engineering College
Paloncha.
ADAMS ENGINEERING COLLEGE;
M.Tech VLSI; 12651D5710
2. Overview of Seminar
Image
Video
Digital Camera & Smart Camera
Detection and recognition algorithms
Low level processing
High level processing
Towards and Embedded System
Requirements
Components
Core Processor TriMedia
Advancements in VLSI required to implement
Embedded Smart camera
ADAMS ENGINEERING COLLEGE;
M.Tech VLSI; 12651D5710
3. IMAGE
An image may be defined as a two-dimensional function f(x, y) where x
and y are spatial (plane) coordinates, and the amplitude of f at any pair of
coordinates (x, y) is called the intensity or gray level of the image at that
point. A small region in the image is shown in matrix.
10 12 35 54 34 23 201 2
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5
6
7
8
9
9
9
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87 6
8
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7
68 8
9
09 6
5
87 88 7
9
9
8
8
8
8
8
8
0
8
8
89 9
90 0
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55 6
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65 7
7
89 7
6
7
6
6
6
78 9
166 6
4
44 4
5
55 43 2
45 6
54 67 45 7
ADAMS ENGINEERING COLLEGE;
M.Tech VLSI; 12651D5710
3
8
77 6
54 87 5
7
98 54
5. Digital Camera and Smart Camera
Digital Cameras capture only images as digital files that users can upload to their
Computer , manipulate with software and distribute electronically. Eg. Nikon
Smart Cameras capture high-level descriptions of the scene and analyze
What they see.
These devices could support a wide variety of applications including
human and animal detection,
surveillance,
motion analysis, and
facial identification
Eg. Windows for KINECT
Digital Camera
ADAMS ENGINEERING COLLEGE;
M.Tech VLSI; 12651D5710
SMART Digital Camera
6. Detection and Recognition Algorithms
Low Level Processing
•Region Extraction
•Contour Following
•Ellipse fitting
•Graph Matching
High Level Processing
• Hidden Markov Models
•Classifiers
ADAMS ENGINEERING COLLEGE;
M.Tech VLSI; 12651D5710
7. DETECTION
AND RECOGNITION
ALGORITHMS
Low level processing
Region Extraction
The subject to be identified for gesture
recognition in the video frames are
extracted. Fig2. (b)
• Contour following
Grouping of pixels into contours that
geometrically define the regions.
Fig2. (c)
• Ellipse fitting
To correct for deformations in image
processing caused by clothing, objects
in the frame, or some body parts
blocking others, an algorithm fits
ellipses to the pixel regions to provide
simplified part attributes. Fig2. (d)
• Graph matching
Meaningful feature vectors are
extracted from the modeled body
parts with ellipses.
Figure2
ADAMS ENGINEERING COLLEGE;
M.Tech VLSI; 12651D5710
8. High level Processing
The high level processing component , which can be adopted to different
Applications, compares the motion pattern of each body part.
Example, a pointing gesture could be recognized as a command
to “go to the next slide” in a smart meeting room
or “open the window” in a smart car ,
Where as a smart security camera might interpret the
gesture as suspicious or threatening.
ADAMS ENGINEERING COLLEGE;
M.Tech VLSI; 12651D5710
9. Human Detection and Activity
Recognition Algorithm
ADAMS ENGINEERING COLLEGE;
M.Tech VLSI; 12651D5710
10. Towards an Embedded
Smart Camera
Requirements
Frame rate: The embedded smart
camera system must process a certain
amount of frames per second to
properly analyze motion and provide
useful results
Latency: The amount of time takes to
produce a result from the processed
frames
Components
• 100 MHz Philips TriMedia TM-1000
as video processor.
• Hi8 Cameras
• Shared memory interface
• Host computer
• Debugging algorithms and programs
• Networked system for connecting
multiple cameras
Smart Meeting Room
ADAMS ENGINEERING COLLEGE;
M.Tech VLSI; 12651D5710
12. TriMedia
Processor TM-1000
Features
•
a 5-issue VLIW architecture with a 32-bit word size;
•
27 functional units, offering a choice of operation types
in each slot in the instruction;
•
any operation can be guarded to provide conditional
execution without branching;
•
instruction set and functional units optimized with
respect to media processing;
•
a single multi-ported register file with bypass network,
allowing 1-cycle latency operations;
•
32 kB, 8-way instruction cache;
•
16kB, 8-way, quasi-dual ported, data cache;
•
a variable-length (compressed) instruction set design
ADAMS ENGINEERING COLLEGE;
M.Tech VLSI; 12651D5710
13. Advancements in VLSI required to implement
a smart camera embedded system
Algorithmic challenges
Choosing best computationally efficient algorithm with minimum
memory usage.
Library Functions
The library function of the processor should provide special
function to provide Instruction level-parallelism
Eg1. INONZERO: This instruction takes two input operands. If the
first is non zero, the destination is set to the value of the second
operand; otherwise it is set to zero.
Eg2. IABS: This instruction can provide absolute values
ADAMS ENGINEERING COLLEGE;
M.Tech VLSI; 12651D5710
14. Advancements in VLSI required to implement
a smart camera embedded system
Control-to-data transformation
The data transformation can be controlled using a processor with
more functional units.
Designing SINGLE-INSTRUCTION MULTIPLE-DATA (SIMD) Processors to
achieve real time performance.
Existing processors like (80xx, INTEL ) are pixel plane processors.
These processor can perform arithmetic and logical operations with
limited no of operands.
Embedding single-instruction multiple-data (SIMD) processors into
sensors is critical to improve the real time performance.
Processor architectures are to be designed to take multiple data in
one instruction to increase the computation power required to meet the
real time challenges.
ADAMS ENGINEERING COLLEGE;
M.Tech VLSI; 12651D5710
15. Reference: Wayne Wolf, Burak Ozer, Tiehan Lv “Smart Camera as Embedded
Systems”. IEEE Trans. Vol. 45, 2002.
Copy right IEEE
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