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Pulmonary Function Tests

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Pulmonary Function Tests Measuring the Capacity for Life Esmeralda E. Morales, MD September 21, 2004
Objectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Before you can proceed, you need to know a little about the lungs…
What do the lungs do? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How do the lungs do this? ,[object Object],[object Object]
Conducting Airways ,[object Object]
How do the lungs do this? (cont) ,[object Object],[object Object]
How do the lungs do this? (cont) ,[object Object],[object Object]
From Netter Atlas of Human Anatomy , 1989
How does gas exchange occur? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Gas Exchange From Netter Atlas of Human Anatomy , 1989
What exactly are PFTs? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Why do I care about PFTs? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Yes, PFTs are really wonderful but… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Where would I perform PFTs? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
When would I order PFTs? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
When would I order PFTs (cont)? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Spirometry ,[object Object]
A Brief Aside on History ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
A Brief Aside on History ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Silhouette of Hutchinson Performing Spirometry From Chest, 2002
Lung Volumes and Capacities ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Lung Volumes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Lung Volumes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Lung Capacities ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Lung Capacities (cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What information does a spirometer yield? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Forced Expiratory Vital Capacity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Performance of FVC maneuver ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Performance of FVC maneuver (continued) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Performance of FVC maneuver (continued) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Special Considerations in Pediatric Patients ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Flow-Volume Curves and Spirograms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Normal Flow-Volume Curve and Spirogram
Spirometry Interpretation: So what constitutes normal? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Acceptable and Unacceptable Spirograms (from ATS, 1994)
Measurements Obtained from the FVC Curve ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Spirometry Interpretation: Obstructive vs. Restrictive Defect ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Normal vs. Obstructive vs. Restrictive (Hyatt, 2003)
Spirometry Interpretation: Obstructive vs. Restrictive Defect ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Spirometry Interpretation: What do the numbers mean? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Spirometry Interpretation: What do the numbers mean? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What about lung volumes and obstructive and restrictive disease? (From Ruppel, 2003)
Maximal Inspiratory Flow ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Flow-Volume Loops (Rudolph and Rudolph, 2003)
How is a flow-volume loop helpful? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Spirometry Pre and Post Bronchodilator ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Case #1
Case #2
Case #3
Case #4
Case #5
References ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
References ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Pulmonary Function Tests

Editor's Notes

  1. Height varies directly with vc VC increases with age up to age 20 years then becomes inversely proportion to age Women usually with lower vc than men