The document discusses test development and evaluation. It defines a test item as a specific task that test takers are asked to perform. It outlines the steps for preparing test items, which include writing items according to guidelines, selecting items based on a table of specifications, reviewing and editing items, arranging items, and deciding on scoring. The document also lists principles for preparing test items such as making sure items are appropriate for the learning outcomes and free from ambiguity, bias, and technical errors. Finally, it provides a sample table of specifications that outlines the test items to be included based on topics, objectives, and item types.

2. UNIVERSITY OF SINDH
(HYDERABAD, SINDH)
DEPARTMENT/ PROGRAM:
BACHLORS OF EDUCATION
(ELEMENTARY) 4 YEARS
PROGRAM
SUBJECT :
TEST DEVELOPMENT AND
EVALUATION
ASSIGNED BY :
DR. AMJAD ALI ARAIN
PRESENTED BY :
RAMSHA SALEEM
(2K16/BEDEL/41)

4. OBJECTIVES OF MY PRESENTATION:
 At the end of this
presentation learner
will be able to:
 Define the term test item.
 Interpret the steps of
preparing the test items.
 Illustrate the principles for
preparing the test items.
 Construct the table of
spacification for prepare the
test items.

5. TEST ITEM
 The questions , problems and
tasks are called test items.
 A test item is a specific task test
takers are asked to perform. test
items can assess one or more
points or objectives , and the
actual item itself may take on a
different constellation depending
on the context. Preparation of test
item is the most important task in
the preparation step.
SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER
SCIENCE
CLASS 7
TIME : 2 HRS
TOTAL MARKS : 50
SECTION - A (12)
1) The _________ is the only
planet that has water and
oxygen.
2) fish swim in water with their fins
(T/F).
3) Reptiles have (dry/slippery)
scales on their skins.
4) The bottles of an object is
determined by its _______.
SECTION - B (20)
Q:1 What is heat?
Q:2 Define living things?
Q:3 Define thermometer?
Q:4 Give two examples of
conductors and insulators of heat?
SECTION - C (18)
Q:4 Explain the process of intake
of food. and describe the types of
living things acc: to their food habit.

6.  PREPARING THE TEST ITEMS:
Write test items according to rules of construction for
the type(s) chosen.
Select the item to be included in the text according to
table of spacifications.
Review and edit items according to guidelines.

7. Arrange items: decide on
a) grouping of items
b) sequence of items within groups
c) sequence of groupings
Prepare directions for the test: if necessary, prepare
directions for individual items (e.g, matching
type) or for sections (e.g, negative form of one-
best response type).
Decide on method of scoring.

8. PRINCIPLES FOR PREPARING TEST
ITEMS:
 Preparation of the the test
items is the most important task
in the preparation step. The
following principles help in
preparing relevant test items.
 Test items must be appropriate
for the learning outcome to be
measured.
 Test items should measure all
types of instructional objectives
and the whole content area.

9.  The test items should be free from ambiguity.
 The test items should be of appropriate difficulty
level.
 The test item must be free from technical errors
and irrelevant clues.
 Test items should be free from racial, ethnic and
sexual biasness.

10. TABLE OF SPACIFICATION OF ALL TYPE
OF TEST ITEMS:
CHAPTER
NUMBER TOPIC
S
OBJECTIV
ES
DOMAINS /
LEVELS
COG/PSY/A
FF
MOTOR
TYPES
OF
SUBJE
CTIVE
ITEMS
SUB/OB
J
SHORT/
LONG
TYPES
OF
OBJECTI
VE ITEMS
MCQ'S/
TRUE/
FALSE
FILL IN
THE
BLANKS
CH : 1
LIVING
THINGS
LIVING
THINGS
Pg : 7
Student will
be able to
identify the
right answer
about food
habit of living
things.
L : 1
L : 2 __
__
L : 4
OBJ MCQ'S

11. CH : 8
HEAT
ICE
MELTING
Pg : 55
Student will be
able to identify
right answer
and put it in
the blank.
L : 1
L : 2 _ _
L : 4
OBJEC
TIVE
FILL IN
THE
BLANKS
CH : 1
LIVING
THINGS
LIVING
THINGS NEED
AIR
Pg : 2
Student will be
able to identify
the statement
wheather right
or wrong.
L : 2 _ _
L : 4
OBJ true or false
CH : 8
HEAT
HEAT
Pg : 52
Student will be
able to define
heat.
L : 1 __ __ SUB
(SHORT
)
what is heat?
CH : 1
LIVING
THING
LIVING THING
Pg : 2
Student will be
able to define
living thing..
L : 1 __ __ SUB
(SHORT
)
Define living
things?
CH : 8
HEAT
THERMOMETE
R
Pg : 54
Student will be
able to define
thermometer.
L : 1 __
__
SUB
(SHOR
T)
Define
thermometer?

12. CH : 8
HEAT
ICE
MELTIN
G
Pg : 54
Student will
be able to
describe
process of
melting of ice.
L : 1
L : 2 _ _
sub
(long)
Descibe the
process of
melting of
ice?
CH : 1
LIVING
THINGS
USE OF
FOOD
Pg : 5
Student will be
able to
describe
process of
intake of food.
L : 1 L:3 SUB
(long)
Explain the
process of
intake of
food.
CH : 1
LIVING
THINGS
TYPES
OF
LIVING
THINGS
ACC: TO
FOOD
HABIT.
Student will be
able to
describe the
types of living
things
according to
their food habit.
L : 1
L: 2
SUB
(LONG)
Describe the
types of living
things
according to
their food
habit.