This document discusses point-to-point and point-to-multipoint networks. It defines point-to-point networks as connections between two end points, usually host computers. Point-to-multipoint networks connect a single location to multiple locations. The document describes basic point-to-point data links using RS-232 interfaces and modems, as well as modern wireless point-to-point links. It explains that point-to-multipoint networks divide bandwidth from a central hub among multiple connected nodes and are commonly used for wireless internet and IP telephony.

1. Sub topic : Point-to-point and point-to-multipoint
networks
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2. Recap
In the previous class , you have learnt about
• Intranet, its merits and demerits
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3. Objectives
On the completion of this topic , you would be able to
understand about
• Definition of point to point and point to multi point networks
• Basic point to point data link
• Modern point to point links
• Point to multipoint communication
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4. Definition of Point to Point Network
• Point to point network refers to a connection restricted to
two end points usually host computers
• Point to point is some times referred to as P2P, or Pt2Pt
or variations of this
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5. Definition of Point to Multi Point Network
• Point to multi point network refers to multiple paths from a
single location to multiple locations
• Point to multi point is often abbreviated as 2MP,PTMP,
or PMP
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6. Basic Point to Point Data Link
• Point to point data link is a communication medium with
exactly two end points and no data or packet formatting
• The host computers at either end had to take full
responsibility for formatting the data transmitted between
them
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7. Point-to-Point Network
Fig .1
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8. Point to Point Network
• The connection between the computer and the
communication medium was generally implemented
through an RS-232 interface
• Computers of close proximity may be connected by wires
direly between their interface cards
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9. Point to Point Network contd…
• When connected at a distance, each end point would
be fitted with a modem to convert analog signals into
a digital data stream
• When the connection used is a telecommunication
provider the connections were called a dedicated,
leased, or private line
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10. ARPANET
• The ARPANET used leased lines to provide point to
point data links between its packet switching nodes
which were called interface massage processors
(IMP)
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11. Modern Point to Point Links
• In recent times point to point telecommunication refers to
wireless data communications for Internet on voice over
IP via radio frequencies in the multi gigahertz range
• It includes technology such as laser for
telecommunications
• The telecommunication signal is bidirectional
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12. Point to Multipoint Communication
• Point to multipoint communication refers to communication
providing multi paths from a single location to multiple
locations
• A hub provides a point to multipoint circuit which divides the
total bandwidth supplied by the hub among each connected
client node
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13. Point-to-Multipoint Wireless LAN
FIG .3
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14. Point-to-Multipoint
FIG .4
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15. Point to Multipoint Networks
• Point to multipoint telecommunications is most typically
used in wireless Internet and IP telephony via gigahertz
radio frequencies
• Point to multipoint system has been designed as single
and bidirectional system
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16. Summary
In this class, you have learnt about
• Definition of point to point and point to multi point
networks
• Basic point to point data link
• Modern point to point links
• Point to multipoint communication
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17. Quiz
1) Point to point network is
a) bidirectional
b) unidirectional
c) Both a & b
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18. Quiz
2) Point to point telecommunication signal uses
a) Time division multiple access (TDMA)
b) Time division multiplexing (TDM)
c) Both a & b
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19. Frequently Asked Questions
1. Define point to point network?
2. Define point to multipoint network?
3. Compare point to point and point to multipoint
networks?
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