1. The document discusses Spanish verb conjugations in the present tense for regular -ar, -er, and -ir verbs. It provides examples of stem changes and spelling changes in verbs. 2. Irregular verbs are discussed such as saber, conocer, tener, poner, and hacer. Reflexive, impersonal "se", and diphthongs are also covered. 3. Verb tenses like the preterite, imperfect, and future are introduced along with examples of irregular conjugations in those tenses.

2. 3. Presente -ar –er –ir
4. Stem Changers
5. Irregulars –go –zco –yo
6. Saber vs conocer
7. Reflexives
8. ‘se’ impersonal
9. Dipthongs
10. Verbs like…Uir/guir
12. Verbs like…Cer/cir
13 Verbs like…Ger/gir
14. Hace +__+ que + present/presentente
15.Imperfecto

3.  Los verbos regulares en el presente
Ir-
Ar-
o amos o imos
as an Er-
es en
a o emos
e
Caminar- Es en
Camino Caminamos e
Comer- Vivir-
Caminas Caminan
Como Comemos Vivo Vivimos
Camina
Comes Comen Vives Viven
Come Vive

4.  The verbs change in the root
 They do not change in the nosotros form or
the vosotros
 E  ie
 O ue Pensar- Yo nosotros
 U ue Penso Tú vosotros
Pienso El/ella/utd Ellos/Ellas/Utds

5. Yo – Tengo
Yo – Hago
Yo - Vengo
 The “go” “zco” verbs are only in the
irregulars in the yo form
 “go” verbs- caer, decir, oir, puner, hacer,
tener, traer, venir
 “zco” verbs (cer/cir)- conocer, producir,
conducir Yo - Conozco
Yo - Produzco
 y los demás – ser, ir, estar, ver,
Yo - Conduzco
saber, dar
Ser- Ir-
Soy Somos Voy Vamos
Eres Son Vas Van
Es Va

6.  Both saber y conocer translate to the
English verb to know
 Both “yo” forms are irregular
Conocer- Saber –
Conozco Sé sabemos
conocemos Sabes
Conoces saben
Conocen Sabe
Conoce

7.  Brenda se lava- se is reflexive
 Reflexives also can be added on
the end of an infinitive. Such as…-
Puedo ver me en el espejo

8.  pronoun ”se” is in front of verbs to make
general statements.
 ¿cómo se dice man en español?
 In English it translates to either “you
say” or “one says.”

9.  Dipthongs are the strong or weak vowels in a
word next to each other.
 Strong vowel sounds are a,e,o.
 Weak vowel sounds are i,u,y.
 puerto, ciudad, siete, hay.
*two strong
vowels
cannot be
in the same
syllable

10. Guir Uir
-Yo form only changes from Gu -Nosotros form is the only
that doesn’t change.
to G
-Verbs that end in -uir (not
-Conseguir
guir) add y before o, e, and a
consigo endings
consigues
-atribuir
consigue
conseguimos atribuyo
consiguen atribuyes
atribuye
atribuimos
atribuyen

11.  Verbs that end in a vowel + cer or cir add z
before the c in the yo form only.
 Verbs that end in a consonant + cer or cir change
the c to z in the yo form only.
 conducir = conduzco
 ejercer = ejerzo

12.  Verbs that end in ger and gir change
the g to j in the yo form only.
 coger = cojo
 fingir = finjo

13. The yo form is the
only irregular
Hago, haces, hace,
hacemos, hacen

14.  The imperfect tense is used to refer to
actions in the past that occurred repeatedly.
 Yo caminaba todo los días.
Ser- Ir- Ver- Ar- Er/Ir-
era veía aba ía
iba
eras veías abas ías
ibas
era veía aba ía
iba
éramo veíamos ábamos íamo
íbamo
s veían aban s
s
eran iban ían

15.  “Snapshot” of time.
 Known beginning and or ending
 Trigger words: ayer, anoche, aneayer, la
semana pasada ect…
É Í
Aste iste
ó ió
Amos imos
Aron ieron

16. Car, Gar, Zar Spock Cucaracha
Car qué Hacer Andar  anduv
Snake/ Snakey
Estar  estuv
Gar  qué hice Poder  pud
É
iste o Stem changers and
Zar  cé hiciste Poner  pus O
imos Y changers
Querer quis
* 1st person hizo Saber  sup
ieron
“j” verbs 
Tener  tuv Dormir-
only “yo” hicimos Dormi dormimos
Venir  vin
hicieron Conducir  conduj
Dormiste
Durmio Durmieron
Ir/ser Producir  produj
Eron
Traducir  traduj
Fui Traer  traj
Eron Leer-
Leí leimos
Fuiste Decir  dij Leiste
Leyó leyeron
Fue
Fuimos
Fueron
Dar/ver
d/v - i
d/v - iste
d/v - io
d/v - imos
d/v - ieron

17. Adjective Superlative Translatio Comparative Translatio
Joven younger El/la young Menor que
menor
Viejo older El/la mayor old Mayor que
Malo worse El/la peor bad Peor que
Bueno better El/la mejor good Mejor que

18. “Will factor”
É
 Infinitives + Ás
Á
Emos
Án
Decir- to say
Haber- there to be/to have
Hacer- to make do
Poder-to be able
Poner- to put,place,rest
Querer-to want, love Ir + a + infinitive
Saber- to know (immediate future)
Salir- to leave, go out
Tener-to have
vivir = viviré
Valer- to be worth
Venir- to come