2.  Imperfect Progressive-
Present
Preterite/ car,gar,zar
Progressive- Past
 Spock Future irregulars
 Cucarada Superlatives
 Snake and Snakey Formal
Commands
 Modal prepositions

3.  No beginning or ending Ar- simply drop the
ending
 aba
abas
aba
ábamos
abais
aban
( -er or –ir) simply drop the ending

ía
ías
ía
íamos
íais
ían


4. (Ar) (er-ir)
É i Car Gar zar
aste iste Tocar Jugar Comenzar
Toque Jugue Comence
ó io Tocaste Jugaste Comenzaste
Toco Jugo Comenzo
amos imos Tocamos Jugamos Comenzamos
asteis isteis Tocaron Jugaron Comenzaron
aron ieron

5.  Car Gar Zar
Yo - Qué Yo- Qué Yo- Zé
Hacer
Hice
Hiciste
Hizo
Hicimos
Hicieron

6. Andar anduv-
E

 Estar Estuv-
 Poder
 Poner
pud-
pus- Iste
 Querer
 Saber
quis-
sup-
O
 Tener
 Venir
tuv-
vin-
Imos
 Decir
 Traer
dij-
traj-
Isteis
 Conducir conduj- ieron
 Producir produj-
 Traducir traduj-

7.  Snake Snakey
 Stem Changers Leer
lei
 Dormi leimos
 Dormimos leiste
 Dormiste leyo
 Durmio leyeron
 dumieron

8.  Ir+a+inf(going to do something)
 Poder+inf(are able to do something)
 Querer+inf(want to do something)
 Deber+inf(should do something)
 Tener que+inf(to have to do
something)
 Soler + inf(to be accustomed to)
 *Conjugate and pair the modal verb
with and inf. To get a new meaning.

9.  Add-memte
 Change o to a
 Keep constant and e
 *When you have two verbs, the second
one uses –mente and you change the
first one “a”.
 Ex: Juan trabaja lenta y
cuidadosamente.
 Juan works slowly and carefully.

10.  Mucho- A lot
 Muy-Very
 Mal-Bad
 Tan-So
 Demasiado-Too
 Bastante- Quite/ Enough
 Bien- Good/Well
 Ya- Already

11.  Estar +-ando/iendo/yendo
 Ex: estoy hablando a ti
 I am talking to you.
 Ex: estan leyendo un libro.
 They are reading a book

12.  Estar+ando/iendo/yendo
 Ex: Estaba hablando a ti.
 I was talking to you.
 Estabas nadando en el rio.
 You were swimming in the river.

13. e (accent)
 Infinitive & Decir Dir-
as (accent a)
Hacer Har-
a (accent)
Poner Pondr-
emos
Salir Saldr-
eis (accent i)
Tener Tendr-
an (accent
Valer Vendr-
a)
Poder Podr-
Querer Querr-
Saber Sabr-

14. *Used when you are describing
someone as being the least or most
of something.
If the object you are describing is
male, then the article is el, and
la for female.
Then add mas or menos, meaning
the greatest or least.
After that, put the adjective
that describes the object as
being the most or least of.

15. Ud. +
Put in “Yo”
Change opposite vowel
AR-E
ER/IR-A
TU +
drop S
Tu- Ud. –
Put in “Yo” NO S.A.A.
-Change to opposite
vowel
- +S

16. *Saying where things are located
Cerca De- near
Delante De- in front of
A La Derecha De- to the right
Detras De- behind
Entre- between
A La Izquierda De- to the left
Al Lado- next to
Lejos De- away from
Dentro De- within
Encima De- above
Fuera De- outside of
*De only follows Arriba and Debajo when
a specific location follows

17. Infinitive + ending
hablaría comería viviría
hablarías comerías vivirías
hablaría comería viviría
hablaríamos comeríamos viviríamos
hablaríais comeríais viviríais
hablarían comerían vivirían

18.  Always agree in gender and number with noun they
motify.
 Always come in front of noun they modify.
 Singular este/esta (this) =near
 Ese/esa (that)=far
 Aquel/Aquella(that over there)
 Plural Estos/estas(these)aqui
 Esos/esas(those) alli
 Aquellos/Aquellas(those over there) alla
 * add accent over the “e” so it can act as a pronoun!
 Eso&Esto=neuter