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Conveyor
This document discusses different types of conveyors used for transporting solid materials, including belt conveyors, bucket conveyors, screw conveyors, and pneumatic conveyors. It provides details on the basic principles and components of each type. Belt conveyors transport material horizontally or inclined on a motor-driven rotating belt. Bucket conveyors use motor-driven chains carrying buckets to move material vertically or horizontally. Screw conveyors enclose material in a trough that is moved along by a rotating screw. Pneumatic conveyors use high velocity air to fluidize and transport powder or granular materials through pipes.
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Conveyor
- 1. Conveyors Transportation of solid (Dr.)Mirza Salman Baig Assistant Professor (Pharmaceutics) AIKTC, School of Pharmacy,New Panvel Affiliated to University of Mumbai (INDIA)
- 2. Types of conveyors •Beltconveyor, •Bucket conveyor, •Screw conveyor •Pneumatic conveyor.
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- 4. Principle Horizantally or inclinedplaced motor driven rotating belt on pullys convey the solid material from feeding point to discharge point.
- 5. Components • Long Continuousbelt • Rolls - rollers held by frame (idlers) • Belt drive and power supply • Peripheral Devices – Feeding – Discharge
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- 8. How Conveyors Function •Material Falls on moving belt that carries it along • Requires a continuous frame and structure to transport material over the route
- 9. Conveyor Belting Parts •Carcass(backbone of belt) - woven fabric or material for tensile strength • Carcass is then covered with thin layer of rubber • Tighteners are installed to maintain tension on belt evenly.
- 10. Idlers • Supports Beltand Material Load • Built with – Shaft surrounded by bearings – Then roll of steel or rubber • Two main types – Carrying for material and belt – return supports belt on return trip
- 11. Carrying Idlers • Usuallytroughed with 3 equal size rollers on a frame in mining applications – Some suspended catenary systems have 5 rollers • Troughs usually 20 , 35, 45 degrees – Deeper trough more volume – Requires thinner belt to lay in trough which limits strength – 35 common choice for mining
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- 13. Return Idlers • UsuallyFlat and one piece • Sometimes two piece V for belt training (Training means keeping in line in trough) • Spiral roll to self and belt clean
- 14. Specialty Idlers • ImpactIdlers for taking material dropping onto belt • Belt Training (Training means keeping in line in trough)
- 15. Pulley • Head Pulley- turns belt back around to return - may be coupled to drive • Tail Pulley - turns empty belt around for loading - occasionally coupled to drive • Drive Pulley - Coupled to motor pulls belt - usually special grip surface
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- 19. Pulleys • Snub Pulley- usually used to change direction of belt and increase the contact angle with the drive pully • Take Up Pulley - Used to maintain tension on a belt left loose enough for some flexibility
- 20. Drive Pulley • Pulleyshould be large enough to avoid to hard bend at point of tension application • Pulley should have grab - – more grab - less tension • Place Drive in practical location to minimize the highest tension in the belt
- 21. Working • When poweris applied to drive pully belt start rotating. • Snubber maintain contact of belt with pully • Belt move on idlers in direction from feed to discharge. • Amount of material delivered depend upon width and speed of belt.
- 22. Application • Transporting ofpackaging material like cap, containers, vials... • In blister packing of tablet and capsules strips are moved on conveyor • Manufacturing of lozenges
- 23. Advantage • Maintainance iseasy • Available in variety of sizes • Belt made of neoprene or teflon polymer
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- 26. Bucket Conveyor Principle Horizantally inclinedor vertically placed motor driven chain carryying buckets convey the solid material from feed point (foot) to discharge point.
- 27. Construction • Buckets areused for loading the material, buckets are made up of iron or steel • buckets are attached to belt or chain • buckets are spaced to prevent interference
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- 29. contd... • weight ofmaterias in conveyors result in streaching of chain • at the foot of elevator the structure known as boot is used for feeding • buckets are some times closed in casing
- 30. contd... Working • Loading canbe done by the flow of material throug chute in into buckets • Buckets can be discharged at any point by criping device ... vid Application • grain/coal transport
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- 32. Screw conveyors Components • Troughsystem • Flights and power supply • Feeding arrangement • Discharge arr.
- 33. Principle • Horizantally inclinedor vertically placed motor driven screw like flight conveys the material in the trough from discharge
- 34. Construction • Trough isa U shaped vessel in which material is enclosed in for conveying • screew element consist of spiral blade called flight • Flight to central shaft • Shaft is connected to bevel gears
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- 36. Working • When poweris applied the drive rotates which flight to rotate • Feed is normally introduced by spout • Material is trapped between gaps of spiral blades.
- 37. Applications • Finely dividedsolids • Light weight abresieve • Different construction available for variety of material • environment remain dust free as it is a close system
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- 39. Pneumatic conveyor • Airsupply • Air slide and pipeline • Feed • Discharge
- 40. Principle • When Highvelocity is passed through a bed of solid particles, indivisual particles are dragged by the air and suspended in the air... Fluidized bed • Suspension behave like dense fluid and can be transported • Solid can be recovered at discharge end.
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- 42. Construction • Fans orcycloid blower are connected to conveying system • Air passes through porous base • Feed is connected to air slide through valve • Other end is connected to cyclone seperator.
- 43. Working • Blower produceair at presasure about 7 K psscal • air passes at rate of 1.5 m/min • solid get suspended in air stream ... fluidized state • Material then enters seperator • Gas can be recycled to blower • vid
- 44. Applications • For transportof powder • bulky grains • poisonous content • Pellets • Economical • low friction
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