Brain-computer interfaces (BCI) allow direct communication pathways between the brain and external devices. Research on BCIs has occurred for over 20 years, with increased work in the mid-1990s. BCI experiments were first conducted on monkeys and rats before human use. There are invasive, partially invasive, and non-invasive BCIs. Invasive devices are implanted in the brain while non-invasive devices do not require surgery. Applications include an ear chip, vision assistance, and controlling robots with thoughts. BCI helps disabled individuals but is limited by costs, data transfer speeds, and adaptation difficulties. Continued research aims to address limitations and allow virtual reality control by 2020.

1. BRAIN - COMPUTER
INTERFACES
-BY MEGANA KALURI
CSE
B.TECH 3rd yr

2. INTRODUCTION:
Brain Computer Interface is
defined as a direct pathway
between a human brain and an
external device whose actions
are controlled by the brain it is connected to.
 Brain Computer Interfaces are
also called as Brain Machine
Interface or Direct Brain Machine Interface.

3. HISTORY:
Research on BCIs has been going on for more
than 20 years, but from the mid-1990s there has
been a dramatic increase in working
experimental implants.
Many experiments were performed before
releasing BCI into society and for demonstrating
the use of BCI and its implementation it was
practise on monkeys and rats.

4. WORKING:
The working of BCI can be explained with the
following flowchart-

5. TYPES OF BCI:
Invasive BCI
Invasive BCIs are implanted directly into the
grey matter of the brain during neurosurgery.
Partially Invasive BCI
Partially invasive BCI devices are implanted
inside the skull but rest outside the brain rather
than within the grey matter
Non Invasive BCI
Non-Invasive BCIs do not involve
neurosurgery. They are just like wearable virtual
reality devices.

6. APPLICATIONS:
 BCI EAR CHIP
VISION USING BCI
CONTROLLING OF VIDEO GAME BY
THOUGHTS IS POSSIBLE USING
BCI
HONDA’S BRAIN MACHINE INTERFACE
CONTROLLING ROBOTS BY THOUGHTS

8. PRO’S AND CON’S:
ADAVANTAGES: LIMITATIONS:
 Helps deaf people and blind
people to overcome their
hearing and vision inabilities.
Helps paralyzed people to
express their thoughts and
needs.
Helps to identify truth by
performing lie detecting test
 It is very expensive.
 Information transformation rate
is limited to 20 bits/min.
 Difficulty in adaptation and
learning

9. CONCLUSION:
BCI is the most unexpected and unimagined
invention of latest technology . This invention
helped many disabled people to overcome their
disabilities and lead a normal life . People
suffering with depression and anxiety have also
been benefitted from this invention . Even
though BCI has limitations , research is being
done at rocket speed in this field and by 2020
BCI will make a pathway to VIRUTAL REALITY.

10. ANY QUEIRIESS???

11. THANKUUU!!!!
-FOR GIVING ME THIS OPPORTUNITY
AND FOR BEING SUCH GOOD LISTNERS
MEGANAKALURI