This document provides an anatomical overview of the inguinal-scrotal region in males. It describes landmarks like the mid-inguinal point and inguinal ligament. It details the deep and superficial inguinal rings that form the entrance and exit of the inguinal canal. The document outlines the boundaries, contents, and structures that pass through the inguinal canal like the spermatic cord. It also describes the layers of the scrotum and its contents like the testes, epididymis, and vas deferens. The document provides a detailed explanation of male reproductive anatomy from the testes through the vas deferens.

1. ANATOMY OF
INGUINO-SCROTAL REGION
Dr. Haseeb Manzoor
Department of Radiology
SMCH Lahore

2. MID-INGUINAL POINT
Halfway between the pubic symphysis and the anterior superior
iliac spine.
The femoral artery crosses into the lower limb at this anatomical
landmark.
INGUINAL LIGAMENT (POUPART’S LIGAMENT)
A fibrous band extending from the anterior superior iliac spine to
the pubic tubercle.
Formed by the lower border of external oblique aponeurosis,
which is thickened and folded on itself.
Transition from pelvis to lower limb.

4. DEEP INGUINAL RING (INTERNAL RING)
Oval opening in fascia transversalis.
Located at mid-inguinal point, 1.2 cm above the inguinal ligament,
lateral to inferior epigastric artery.
SUPERFICIAL INGUINAL RING (EXTERNAL RING)
Slit like opening in the external oblique aponeurosis.
Located supero-lateral to pubic tubercle.

7. INGUINAL CANAL:
About 4 cm long, oblique passage through the lower part of the
anterior abdominal wall.
Placed parallel with, and a little above the inguinal ligament.
Extending from the deep inguinal ring to the superficial inguinal
ring.
In neonates, the deep ring lies almost directly posterior to the
superficial ring.

8. BOUNDARIES OF INGUINAL CANAL:
Anterior wall: external oblique aponeurosis
Internal oblique muscle (lateral third)
Posterior wall: fascia transversalis
conjoint tendon (medial third)
Roof: internal oblique
transversus abdominis
Floor: inguinal ligament
lacunar ligament
Entrance: deep inguinal ring
Exit: superficial inguinal ring

9. BOUNDARIES OF INGUINAL CANAL

11. CONTENTS OF INGUINAL CANAL:
MALE: spermatic cord
ilio-inguinal nerve (L-1)
FEMALE: round ligament of uterus
ilio-inguinal nerve (L-1)

14. SPERMATIC CORD:
Collection of structures that pass through the inguinal canal
Begins in the deep inguinal ring. Ends in the testis.
Spermatic cord is covered by three concentric layers of fascia
derived from the layers of anterior abdominal wall.
External spermatic fascia ---- external oblique aponeurosis
Cremasteric fascia ---- internal oblique muscle
Internal spermatic fascia ---- fascia transversalis

15. CONTENTS OF SPERMATIC CORD:
Vas deferens, Artery of the vas deference
Testicular artery
Cremasteric artery
Panpiniform plexus (testicular vein)
lymphatics
Sympathetic nerves
Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
Processus vaginalis

17. SCROTUM:
Cutaneous outpouching in the lower part of anterior abdominal
wall
LAYERS OF SCROTUM:
Skin
Dartos muscle---Superficial fascia
External spermatic fascia---external oblique
Cremastric fascia---internal oblique
Internal spermatic fascia---fascia transversalis
tunica vaginalis---the lower expanded part of the processus
vaginalis

18. Raphe:
External median ridge
Scrotal septum:
A fold of dartos muscle makes a median partition that crosses the
scrotum and separates the testes from each other
CONTENTS OF SCROTUM:
Testes
Epididymis
Lower end of spermatic cord

20. Testis / testicles:
Paired, oval glands, Suspended in scrotum by spermatic cord
4 - 5 cm long, Weigh 10 – 14 grams
Left testis usually lies at a lower level than the right
Structure of Testis (superficial to deep):
Tunica vaginalis: partially covers the testes
Tunica albuginea: capsule of testis, Extends inward forming septa
that divide testis into lobules
Seminiferous tubules: Lying in each lobule are 1-3 coiled
seminiferous tubules (functional unit)
Rete testis: hilum of testis

23. Epididymis:
Its a highly coiled tube, nearly 16 feet long.
firm structure, lying on posterior and superior margins of testis.
Site of sperm storage and maturation.
Lateral groove between epididymis and testis called sinus of
epididymis.
Head: Superior to the upper pole of the testis
receives 10-15 efferent ductules from the rete testes
Body: Efferent ductules converge to form Ductus Epididymis
Tail: is continuous with vas deferens

24. vas deferens / ductus deferens:
Continuation of the tail of epididymis
enters the spermatic cord
Conveys sperms during sexual arousal through peristaltic
contractions
Can also store sperms for several months
Sperm Pathway:
Seminiferous Tubules, Rete Testes, Efferent Ductules,
Epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory ducts, urethra

27. THANK YOU !