Testis & spermatic cord

1. TESTIS AND SPERMATIC CORD

2. Introduction
• Male gonad.
• Homologous with ovary.
• Function:-
– Production of
spermatozoa.
– Secretion of testosterone.
• Shape :-
– Oval/ellipsoid.
• Measurements:-
– 4x3x2.5 cms

3. External features
• Two poles.
• Two surfaces.
• Two borders.
• Epididymis

4. Covering
• Tunica vaginalis.
– Persistent lower
portion of processus
vaginalis.
• Tunica albuginea.
– Thick dense layer of
fibrous tissue.
• Tunica vasculosa.
– Inner most vascular
layer lining the lobules.

5. Structure

6. Blood supply
• Arterial
supply:-
– Testicular
artery
• Venous
drainage:-
– Pampinifor
m plexus of
veins.

7. Lymphatic drainage

8. Descent of testis
• WHY???
• Testis develops in the abdominal cavity.
• Processus vaginalis.
• Gubernaculum testis.
• Sequence:-
– Loin to iliac fossa – 3rd month of IUL.
– Deep inguinal ring – 4th – 7th IUL.
– In the inguinal canal – 7 th IUL.
– External Inguinal ring – 8th IUL.
– Scrotum – 9th month.

9. Descent of testis

11. Factors responsible for descent
• Differential growth of the body wall.
• Increased intra-abdominal pressure &
temperature.
• Hormones ( male hormones produced by
testis)
• Contraction of gubernaculum.

12. Embryological remnants
• Appendix of testis
– Remnant of mullerian duct.
• Appendix of epididymis.
– Mesonephric remnant

13. APPLIED

14. Hydrocele

15. Varicocele
– Reasons:-
• ???

17. Testicular Ca

18. Imperfect descent of the testis
• May be incomplete descent or ectopia testis.
• Cryptorchidism – absence of testis in one
scrotum.
• Incomplete descent :- types
• Ectopia testis – deviation from the normal
path of descent.

19. Undescended Testis

20. Torsion of testis

21. EPIDIDYMIS

22. Epididymis
• Comma shaped structure.
• Made up of highly coiled tubes that act as
reservoirs of the spermatozoa.
• Parts:-
– Head, body , tail.
– Head connected to the upper pole of testis by
efferent ductules.

23. SPERMATIC CORD