The document describes the arterial blood supply of the gastrointestinal tract. It details the branches and territories of the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries. The superior mesenteric artery supplies the midgut, including parts of the small intestine, right colon, and pancreas. It gives off branches like the intestinal, ileocolic, right colic, and middle colic arteries. The inferior mesenteric artery supplies the hindgut, including parts of the left colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum. Its branches include the left colic, sigmoid, and superior rectal arteries.

1. By;AMEER AZEEZ
Superior and inferior
mesenteric artery
03/07/2015
AKAKI TSERETELI STATEAKAKI TSERETELI STATE
UNIVERSITY.UNIVERSITY.

4. Superior mesenteric artery
• the artery of midgut it originates from
the aorta about 1 cm below the celiac
trunk at the level of the intervertebral
disc between the first and second
lumbar vertebrae behind body of
pancreas

7. It supplies all the organs of
midgut, namely
• duodenum,
• jejunum, ileum
• appendix & Caecum
• ascending colon
• right two-third of transverse colon
• lower half of head of pancreas

9. BRANCHES OF SUPERIORBRANCHES OF SUPERIOR
MESENTERIC ARTERYMESENTERIC ARTERY
• Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery:Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery:
• IntestinalIntestinal
• Ileocolic artery:Ileocolic artery:
• Right colic arteryRight colic artery
• Middle colic arteryMiddle colic artery

10. Inferior pancreaticoduodenalInferior pancreaticoduodenal
artery:artery:
• The inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery is the
first branch of the superior mesenteric artery.
• Runs in the groove between head of pancreas &between head of pancreas &
duodenumduodenum
• Supplies head of pancreas & duodenumhead of pancreas & duodenum
• Ends by anastomosing withanastomosing with superior
pancreaticoduodenal artery branch of common
hepatic art.hepatic art. from celiac trunkceliac trunk

12. IntestinalIntestinal
• They are 12 to 15 in number
• arise from the convex side of the superior
mesenteric artery
• Each artery divides into 2 branches which
anastomose with adjacent branches forming
arcadesarcades. Branches of arcades unite to form 2nd
,
3rd
& 4th
series of arcades. Terminal arcades
gives straight end arteries supplying jejunum &straight end arteries supplying jejunum &
ileum ( vasa recta)ileum ( vasa recta)

14. Ileocolic artery:Ileocolic artery:
• arising from the right side of the superior
mesenteric artery is the ileocolic artery.
• This passes downward and to the right towards
the right iliac fossa where it divides into superior
and inferior branches:
 the superior branchthe superior branch passes upward along the
ascending colon to anastomose with the right colic
artery;
the inferior branchthe inferior branch continues towards the ileocolic
junction dividing into colic, cecal, appendicular,
and ileal branches.

16. The specific pattern of distribution and
origin of these branches is variable:
thethe ileal branchileal branch passes to the left and ascends to
supply the final part of the ileum before anastomosing
with the superior mesenteric artery
anterior and posterior cecal branchescecal branches, either arising as
a common trunk or as separate branches, supply
corresponding sides of the cecum;
the appendicularappendicular branchbranch enters the free margin of and
supplies the mesoappendix and the appendix;
the colic branchcolic branch crosses to the ascending colon and
passes upward to supply the first part of the ascending
colon

19. Right colic arteryRight colic artery
 Arise from the right side of arteryfrom the right side of artery
 Divides into:
1.1. Ascending branch:Ascending branch: anastomoses with
right branch of middle colic artery
2.2. Descending branch:Descending branch: anastomoses with
superior branch of ileocolic artery
 Supplies ascending colon & right colicascending colon & right colic
flexureflexure

21. Middle colic arteryMiddle colic artery
• Arise from the right side of arteryfrom the right side of artery
• Divides into:
1.1. Right branch:Right branch: anastomoses with
ascending branch of right colic artery
2.2. Left branch:Left branch: anastomoses with
ascending branch of left colic artery
• Supplies right 2/3 of transverse colonright 2/3 of transverse colon

24. inferior mesenteric artery
• The inferior mesenteric artery is the artery
of hindgut it arises from the anterior or left
anterolateral aspect of the aorta at about
the level of third lumbar vertebra 3 or 4 cm
above the aortic bifurcation .
• and it supplies left one-third of transverse
colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon,
rectum and part of anal canal above the
anal valves

26. branches
• Left colic artery
• Sigmoid arteries
• Superior rectal artery

27. Left colic artery
• Divides into:
1.1. Ascending branch:Ascending branch: anastomoses with left
branch of middle colic artery
2.2. Descending branch:Descending branch: anastomoses with
sigmoid arteries
• Supplies: left 1/3 of transverse colon, leftleft 1/3 of transverse colon, left
colic flexure & descending coloncolic flexure & descending colon

30. Sigmoid arteries
• They are 2 or 3 branches
• They anastomose withanastomose with:
1. Descending branch of left colic artery
2. Superior rectal artery
• They supply: sigmoid colonsigmoid colon

33. Superior rectal artery
• The terminal branch of the inferior mesenteric
artery is the superior rectal artery.
• This vessel descends into the pelvic cavity in
the sigmoid mesocolon, crossing the left
common iliac vessels.
• Opposite vertebra SIII, the superior rectal
artery divides. The two terminal branches
descend on each side of the rectum, dividing
into smaller branches in the wall of the rectum.
33BITEW M./bitewm@gmail.com

34. • These smaller branches continue inferiorly
to the level of the internal anal sphincter,
anastomosing along the way with
branches from the middle rectal arteries
(from the internal iliac artery) and the
inferior rectal arteries (from the internal
pudendal artery).