This document discusses ring spun yarn production. It provides details on the production process including bale management, blow room operations, carding, drawing, combing, roving using a simplex machine, ring spinning, autoconing, heat setting, and packing. Production parameters are given for 24s, 30s, and 40s ring spun yarn as well as 24s and 30s combed yarn. The document provides a comprehensive overview of the ring spinning process from raw cotton to finished yarn.

1. RING SPUN YARNRING SPUN YARN
03/17/1503/17/15
Md.Azmeri Latif BegMd.Azmeri Latif Beg
MSc. in Textile Engineering(DIU)MSc. in Textile Engineering(DIU)
BSc. in Textile Engineering(CU)BSc. in Textile Engineering(CU)

2. Comparative study on 24s,30s &
40s ring spun yarn with machine
setting & different production
parameter (Bale management to
finishing).

3. Historical development of natural fibreHistorical development of natural fibre
The first uses of natural fibers are occurred in 8000 B.D. in Egypt. In
Indian sub- continent man tried to use the natural fiber from many
years ago. Especially in this continent men tried to use the silk
firstly.
Cotton : The seed hair of a wide variety plants of the Gossypium
family is called cotton.
Botanical name of cotton:
Gossypium herbaceum.
Gossypium arboretum.
Gossypium hirsutum.
Gossypium barbedense.

4. Production in percentage of cotton In different countries:Production in percentage of cotton In different countries:
Country (%)
America 60-65
India 10-12
Pakistan 5-6
Egypt and Sudan 5-6
Russian 3-4
China 3-4
Brazil 2-2.5
Others countries 10
Total 100%

5. Influence of Raw Material on SpinningInfluence of Raw Material on Spinning
Raw material represents about 50% of the production cost of a short
staple yarn. The influence becomes still more apparent when the ease
in processing one type of fiber material is compared with the
difficulties, annoyance, additional effort and the decline in productivity
and quality associated with another, similar material. Hardly any
spinner can afford to use a problem-free raw material, because it
would normally be too expensive. Adapting to the anticipated
difficulties requires an in time knowledge of the starting material and
its behavior in processing and subsequent.
Optimal conditions can be obtained only through mastery of the raw
material. Admittedly, however, the best theoretical knowledge will not
help much if the material is already at the limits of spin ability or
beyond. Excessive economy in relation to raw material usually does
not reduce costs, and often increases them owing to deterioration of
process ability in the spinning mill.

6. Machinery set – upMachinery set – up
• Blow Room Line with Foreign Fibre
Detector
Uniflock – A11
Uniclean – B12
Unimix – B70
Uniflex – B60
Jossi
Brand: RIETER

7. Machinery set – upMachinery set – up
• Carding Machine( Chute feed card)
Model: C 60, RIETER
• Drawing Machine: RIETER, SB40, RSB-D40
• Lap former: Rieter, E32
• Comber machine: Rieter, E65
• Simplex: TOYOTA FL 100
• Ring Frame: MARZOLI, DTM-129
• SPINDLE – Novibra
• Drafting system- Texpart, PK 3025 series.
• Ring Cup: Braker
• Winding Machine: MURATA – 21C (With USTER QUANTUM-2)
• Heat setting Machine: Elgi Korea

8. PROCESS FLOWCHART FOR CARD YARNPROCESS FLOWCHART FOR CARD YARN
• Bale Management
• Blow room (chute feed for modern blow room line)
• Carding (Carded Sliver)
• Breaker Draw frame (B/D/F sliver)
• Finisher Draw frame (Finisher sliver)
• Simplex (Roving)
• Ring frame (Yarn in bobbin form)
• Autoconer / Finishing (Yarn in cone form)
• Heat setting (Heat setted yarn)
• Cooling
• Packing (finished bag)

9. PROCESS FLOWCHART FOR COMB YARNPROCESS FLOWCHART FOR COMB YARN
• Bale Management
• Blow room (chute feed for modern blow room line)
• Carding (Carded Sliver)
• Pre comb draw frame (precomb drawing sliver)
• Lap former (comber lap)
• Comber / combing ( comber sliver)
• Post comb draw frame (Finisher combed sliver)
• Simplex (Roving)
• Ring frame (Yarn in bobbin form)
• Autoconer / Finishing (Yarn in cone form)
• Heat setting (Heat setted yarn)
• Cooling
• Packing (finished bag)

10. Bale Management:Bale Management:
Testing, sorting and mixing bales according to fibre
properties for producing specific good quality yarn at
minimum cost is called Bale Management.
• Objects of Bale Management:
An evening out of the quality characteristics of a yarn.
A means of avoiding quality jumps.
A possibility of reducing cost.
• Managing Bales:
To manage the bales we need four modules of fibers and the
relation exist between fibers and yarn. They are:
Strength
Length
Color grade and
Micronaire value.

11. Important task of Bale Management:Important task of Bale Management:
• Micronaire range of the cotton bales used should
be same for all the mixing of a lot.
• Micronaire average of the cotton bales used
should be same for all the mixing of a lot.
• Range of color of cotton bales used should be
same for all the mixing of a lot.
• Average of color of cotton bales used should be
same for all the mixing of a lot.
• Range of maturity co-efficient of cotton bales used
should be same for all mixing of a lot.
• Average of maturity co-efficient of cotton bales
used should be same for all mixing of a lot.

12. Procedure of Bale Management:Procedure of Bale Management:
• Sample test and collect.
• SCI value calculation and arrange
according to class.
• Arrange bale according to SCI and mic.
• Calculation for required bale perday.
• Choosen bale according to properties and
arrange daily use.
• Mixing properties and condition.

13. Mixing & Blending :Mixing & Blending :
• Mixing:
When different grade of same fibers are mixed
together is called mixing.
Example: low graded cotton + High graded cotton =
Mixing
• Blending:
When different types of fiber are mixed together is
called Blending.
Example: 65% polyester + 35% cotton = Blending

14. Objects of Mixing and Blending:Objects of Mixing and Blending:
• To achieve uniform quality.
• To improve processing performance.
• To reduce and control of production cost.
• To meet function and end user
requirements.
• It influences to increase aesthetic
properties.i.e.,appearance, color, luster etc.
• It influences to increase physical properties
i.e., tensile strength, elasticity, abrasion
resistance etc.

15. Blow Room:Blow Room:
The section where the supplied compressed bale is
turnt into a uniform lap of particular length by
opening, cleaning, blending or mixing is called blow
room section. It is the first steps of spinning.
• Basic operations involved in the Blow Room:
Opening.
Cleaning.
Dust removal.
Blending or mixing.
Even feed of the material.

16. Blow Room:Blow Room:
• Machines used in Blow Room:
Opening machines
Cleaning machines
Blending and Mixing machines
Lap forming machines.
• FLOW CHART OF MODERN BLOW ROOM LINE (Rieter):
Unifloc – A11
Uniclean – B12
Unimix – B70
Vision shield
Uniflex – B60
Chute feed

17. CARDING:CARDING:
After the blow room, the next process is Carding.
The cleaned fiber goes to a machine called a Card
which further opens and cleans the cotton, removes
immature bundles of fibers called neps, and starts to
parallel the fibers. The Card forms the fiber into a
sliver, which is a soft, loose, untwisted strand of
rope fibers. Carding machines loosen and separate
the cotton fibers by passing the fibers between two
rotating metal drums covered with wire needles. This
aligns the cotton in a thin web of parallel fibers
which is formed into a ropelike strand ( sliver). The
sliver is collected in a sliver can in preparation for
further process like drawing and combing.

18. Function of Carding:Function of Carding:
• Individualization of fiber.
• To remove the Dust particles e.g. broken
seed, leaf, seed coat, dirt etc from the cotton
fibre, which are not removed by Blow Room.
• To remove the Neps from the cotton fibre.
• To remove short and immature fibres from
the cotton fibers.
• To make a uniform fibrous Strand / sliver,
this is suitable for next subsequent process.

19. Drawing:Drawing:
A process in short staple spinning in which the sliver are
blended, doubled, leveled and drafted by passing the sliver
through a series of pairs of rollers each pair moving faster than
the previous one is called drawing.
• Function of drawing:
Parallelization of fibre on sliver axis.
To remove the fine dust and hooked fiber from the sliver.
Mixing and blending of the cotton fiber.
To reduce the unevenness of the sliver by doubling and
drafting.
To produce a uniform Sliver.

20. Drafting in Drawing:Drafting in Drawing:
The reduction of weight per yard of sliver is called draft.
Actual draft: hank of delivery materials/ hank of feed materials
Mechanical draft: S.S. of delivery roller/ S.S. of feed roller.
• Faults in drawframe:
End missing.
Irregular drafting.
Roller lapping.
Irregular selvedges.
Fuzzing at the front roller.
Impurities in the sliver.

21. Lap former:Lap former:
• Function of lap former:
To produce a uniform lap for comber machine.
• Technical data of lap former machine( unilap):
Raw material : cotton up to 1.5 inches.
Feed stock: up to 120 ktex or grain/yds.
Doubling: 24
Range of draft: 1.3 – 3.0
Lap wt/meter: 70 gm/meter.
Total lap wt.: 12 – 15 kg.
Delivery speed: 85 – 100 meter/min
Production/machine: 400 – 500 kg/hour.
Efficiency: 90 – 95%

22. Combing:Combing:
For high quality yarns the sliver is combed after carding to
make the fibers more parallel and remove smaller fibers.
• Function of comber:
To reduce the Neps from the sliver.
To remove the maximum short fiber the sliver.
Mixing and blending of fiber.
To remove the fine dust and seed coat from the sliver.
To produce a more uniform sliver.

23. Combing:Combing:
• Technical points in Combing:
The basic operation is to improve the mean length or staple
length by removing the short fibers.
Since fineness of short fibers ( noil) is low, the overall
micronaire of the sliver after combing is high.
Combing % = 5 – 25% (quality dependent)
Because of combing, fiber parallelization increases.
drawback : high degree of parallelization can reduce inter- fiber
adhesion in the sliver…fibers slide apart …may lead to sliver
breaks or false draft.
Lap width is around 10.5”
Noil % = ( weight of Noils / weight of lap feed) * 100

24. SIMPLEX:SIMPLEX:
Roving frame is complicated, liable to faults, adds to production cost
and delivery a product that is sensitive in both winding and
unwinding.
• The important parameters of simplex m/c:
Feed hank. Delivery hank. Roving tension. Break draft. Drafting
system. Bottom roller setting .Top roller setting. Condenser. Twist in
the roving. Bobbin content. Flyer speed.
Creel and creel draft. Draw from sliver. Bobbin height. Breakage rate.
• Function of simplex:
To produce a rope like ribbon by drafting that is called Roving.
To insert the twist on roving for increasing its strength.
To wind the roving on the bobbin.

25. PRODUCTION PARAMETER FORPRODUCTION PARAMETER FOR
24KH,30KH,40KH AND 24CH,30CH YARN24KH,30KH,40KH AND 24CH,30CH YARN
• For 24KH,30KH:
Hank: .76Ne
Total draft: 0.76/0.111 = 6.84
DCP: 48
TCP: 44 BDCP: 63
TWIST: 1.05
• FOR 40KH:
Hank: 0.90Ne
Total draft: 0.90/0.111 = 8.1
DCP: 41
TCP: 44
TWIST: 1.05
BDCP: 63
• FOR 24CH, 30CH:
Hank: 0.80Ne
Total draft: 0.80/0.111 = 7.20
TWIST: 1.1

26. Ring frame:Ring frame:
Ring frame is a m/c where our desired yarn is
produced from various fibers like cotton, silk, hemp,
sisal, polyester, nylon etc. For producing yarn in
Ring frame m/c a roving is required. From the roving
Ring frame produce yarn by drafting or drawing and
twisting.
• Function of Ring frame:
To produce yarn from roving by drafting.
To insert the twist on yarn for increasing its strength.
To wind the yarn on the bobbin.

27. AUTO CONE MACHINEAUTO CONE MACHINE
Bobbin from ring frames are not suitable for further
processing, the winding process is needed.
• Function of Winding machine:
To wind the yarn on cone.
To reduce the yarn fault such as thick, thin , neps
and slub by using Electronic Yarn Clearer.
To reduce pre-set weight of yarn package.
To insert the wax on knit yarn.

28. HEAT SETTING:HEAT SETTING:
• Heat setting m/c is suitable for
increasing elasticity and strength of
yarn, which removes snarling and
curling effects of yarn. Twist setting,
establishing moisture level in dry yarn.
• To increase moisture regain of yarn.
• To increase strength of yarn.
• To reduce hairiness of yarn.
• To set the twist on yarn.

29. PACKING:PACKING:
After heat setting, the heat setted yarn
to keep the floor for cooling at 5 to 10
minute. Then the cones inter into the
PP and finally 24 cones are packaged
into one plastic bag.

30. THANK YOU EVERYBODYTHANK YOU EVERYBODY