In the present day world most of us are very conscious about our hygiene and cleanliness. Now a days Textile materials facing commonly mold problem during in store, in packed garment or in shipment container are not only related to microorganisms such as pathogenic bacteria, odour generating bacteria and mould fungi, but also good media for growth of microorganisms.
This procedure is sometimes referred to as “Burn Out”. A cotton / polyester blended fabric can be printed with a print paste containing the burn out chemicals, and after fixation, the cotton portion is destroyed and only the polyester remains. Burn-out textiles is a technique used to develop raised designs on fabric surface. This is primarily being done in fabrics with at least 2 different fibre content i.e. Cotton-Polyester, Silk-Rayon etc.
This procedure is sometimes referred to as “Burn Out”. A cotton / polyester blended fabric can be printed with a print paste containing the burn out chemicals, and after fixation, the cotton portion is destroyed and only the polyester remains. Burn-out textiles is a technique used to develop raised designs on fabric surface. This is primarily being done in fabrics with at least 2 different fibre content i.e. Cotton-Polyester, Silk-Rayon etc.
An entomopathogenic fungus can act as a parasite of insects and kills or seriously disables them.Targets are distributed among 10 insect orders:
Hemiptera (59.6%), Coleoptera (40.9%), Lepidoptera (17.5%), Thysanoptera (14.6%), Orthoptera (9.4%), Diptera (7.0%), Hymenoptera (2.9%), Isoptera (2.3%), Siphonoptera (1.2%), and Blattodea(0.6%).
Ecofriendly technology for textile industry preranawagh1
ecofriendly technology for our textile industry. this is most important aspect for our new technology. we should influence people for ecofriendly technology.
Denim-Non Denim garments shade control systemAzmir Latif Beg
Shade control policy is very important to ensure one shade in one Carton specially for denim and Non denim. Its also determine shade variation within one destination or PO. Piece to Piece variation common problems found in garments due to fabric problem, mishandling of fabric rolls during cutting fabrics and bundles in sewing floor, wash problem etc.
Lycra void, damage and precaution to avoid those in washingAzmir Latif Beg
There is a lot of factor are involve behind of lycra damage. By the following preventive monitoring in every step of our manufacturing process we can get improvement all over the standard level and will be able to overcome those kinds of unwanted issues.
Mainly we have done visual inspection first after fabric received commonly follow 4 point inspection system. It's cover count/construction, width, weight, color, shading, design, measurement specifications, hand/feel and other specific quality parameters laid down by the clients.
Industrial Hazards and Their Safety Measure in Textile IndustryAzmir Latif Beg
Industrial hazard may be defined as any condition produced by industries that may cause injury or death to personnel or loss of product or property. Textile industries involve diverse operations including fiber synthesis, weaving, manufacturing, dyeing and finishing. Textile operations have been studied extensively and found numerous health and safety issues associated with the textile industry.
The ZDHC MRSL is intended to assist the apparel and footwear supply chain in phasing out the use of restricted substances by establishing enforceable limits for hazardous substances in chemical formulations used to process materials. The MRSL limits are designed to eliminate the possibility of intentional use of listed substances.
Risk Phrases (R) and Safety Phrases (S) is an important part of Chemical MSDS and Safety data sheet. We can identify hazard of a chemical by this phrases. Hazard classification should be indicated with hazard signs and hazard symbols and/or R phrases as well as S phrases.
R phrase and R number: phrases indicating the risks of hazardous preparations and substances, and their numbers respectively.
S phrase and S number: phrases related to the safe handling of hazardous preparations, and their numbers respectively.
Chemical Management System in Textile Manufacturing and Processing is required to achieve the safe use of chemicals and to control the hazards that they present to workers, the community and the environment. It can take a lot of chemicals to make clothes. The apparel sector certainly is not as chemical intensive as other global industries, but its variety of chemical operations and materials does present a range of potential hazards to its workers and the surrounding communities and environment.
NDT-Nondestructive testing is the process of inspecting, testing, or evaluating materials, components or assemblies for discontinuities, or differences in characteristics without destroying the serviceability of the part or system. In other words, when the inspection or test is completed the part can still be used.
Cotton fiber-textiles touch every aspect of our lives. For years, cotton clothing, home furnishings and industrial goods have enhanced our quality of life by providing comfort, expression and individuality. Cotton fiber possesses a variety of distinct properties, and we know there are plenty of people who want to dig a little deeper.
Apparel Merchandising-BASIC CONCEPT ON NEGOTIATION OF APPAREL COSTING AND PRO...Azmir Latif Beg
The Ready–Made Garments (RMG) sector has emerged as the biggest earner of foreign currency. The readymade garments industry acts as the backbone of our economy with a GDP of USD 130 Billion. Country‘s annual export is approximately US$ 30 billion and import is approximately US$ 37 billion. 80% of export comes from the Garments industry and as a catalyst for the development of our country. It‘s a time for us to strengthen up the quality of our textile product.
Letters of credit is a written commitment to pay, by a buyer's or importer's bank (called the issuing bank) to the seller's or exporter's bank (called the accepting bank, negotiating bank, or paying bank). It is also known as a documentary credit.
Merchandising Transactions and Managing Payment RiskAzmir Latif Beg
The truth is that every payment method involves risk. Managing payment risks in merchandising transactions is very important. The major risks are fraud and operational risk.
Steam distribution system, utilization and designAzmir Latif Beg
n any steam plant or any process plant effectiveness of steam distribution system is dependent upon the project specific conditions like location and layout of the process plant and its steam consuming equipment like heat exchangers, decorators etc. Steam distribution circuit is one of the major link between the steam production point and the point of end use i.e. process plant. Primary steam generating source are co-generation plant and Steam generators. However it not the source of steam generation but the effective and efficient steam distribution system that decides right quality (pressure and temperature) and quantity of steam to reach to the process through it. Thus designing of steam distribution is to be given due importance along with installation and subsequently maintenance during operation.
A test method is a method for a test in science or engineering, such as a physical test, chemical test, or statistical test. It is a definitive procedure that produces a test result. There are so many standards /test methods for textile testing.
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR) and TextileAzmir Latif Beg
Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is a technique used to obtain an infrared spectrum of absorption or emission of a solid, liquid or gas. FTIR offers quantitative and qualitative analysis for organic and inorganic samples. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) identifies chemical bonds in fiber. By FTIR we only know the name of fiber is identified. By this technique we can identify the exact composition of fiber like 80 % polyester 20 % cotton.
There are many safety issues, such as fire, fall accidents, choking, chemical content, etc. It can advise you on which requirements to request with the help of EU regulations related to Product Safety. It is an independent documentation of the safety of your products by ensuring that they comply with EU standards.
Flat knitting is a method for producing knitted fabrics in which the work is turned periodically, i.e., the fabric is worked with alternating sides facing the knitter. A "Flat" or Vee Bed knitting machine consists of 2 flat needle beds arranged in an upside-down "V" formation.
A braiding machine is device, which interlaces at least three strands of yarns or wires to form a rope reinforced hose, covered power cords, and some types of lace. Materials include natural and synthetic yarns, metal wires, leather tapes and others.
It is an intermediate process. The main object of ball warping is to prepare log for the rope dyeing machine. Here magazine type of creels is used for the creeling of yarns in the form of cheese. The no. of ends taken one as per requirement of further processes that is for preparing the weavers beam .According to no. of ends in each group, the respective creeling is done to make the required no. of logs to be used at the creeling zone of rope dyeing machine.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
CW RADAR, FMCW RADAR, FMCW ALTIMETER, AND THEIR PARAMETERSveerababupersonal22
It consists of cw radar and fmcw radar ,range measurement,if amplifier and fmcw altimeterThe CW radar operates using continuous wave transmission, while the FMCW radar employs frequency-modulated continuous wave technology. Range measurement is a crucial aspect of radar systems, providing information about the distance to a target. The IF amplifier plays a key role in signal processing, amplifying intermediate frequency signals for further analysis. The FMCW altimeter utilizes frequency-modulated continuous wave technology to accurately measure altitude above a reference point.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
2. Mold in Textiles
In the present day world most of us are very conscious
about our hygiene and cleanliness. Now a days Textile
materials facing commonly mold problem during in
store, in packed garment or in shipment container are
not only related to microorganisms such as pathogenic
bacteria, odour generating bacteria and mould fungi,
but also good media for growth of microorganisms.
Mold, mildew, fungus, yeast, and bacteria
(microorganisms) are part of our surrounding
environment and also everyday lives.
Mold (or mould) is a term used to refer to fungi
that grow in the form of multicellular thread-like
structures called hyphae. European Textile Chemical
Corporation
3. Mold in Textiles
Mildew is a form of fungus. Mildew is a surface
fungi that can easily be identified as a patch of gray
or even white fungus that is lying on the surface of a
moist area.
Fungus (fungi) is any member of the group of
eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms
such as yeasts and molds.
Yeasts are eukaryotic, single-celled microorganisms
classified as members of the fungus kingdom.
Bacteria (bacterium) are very small organisms. They
are prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few
micrometres in length, bacteria have a number of
shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals.
European Textile Chemical
Corporation
4. Ideal Conditions For mold Growth
Warm temperature
Moisture (Humidity 70-80%, Spills)
Receptive surface (skin, fabric)
Sources of mold
In the air we breathe
In the soil
In our skin and bodies & Everywhere
Synthetic fibres are not totally immune to microorganisms,
for example; polyurethane fibres and coatings can be
damaged.
Wool is more likely to suffer bacterial attack than cotton, and
cotton is more likely than wool to be attacked by fungi.
Mold in Textiles
European Textile Chemical Corporation
5. Reasons of mold in textile
Available starch in various fabrics.
Courser and compact fabric has a
greater tendency to form mold rather
than finer fabric.
Especially indigo dyed garment has a
tendency to grow Fungus.
European Textile Chemical
Corporation
6. Precaution for mold
Precaution
Keep fabric or garment in dry condition
Try to avoid moisture
Avoid humidal moisture
Control temperature
Check time to time humidity available in
various fabrics.
Mold and Fungi cause multiple problems to textiles including
discoloration, coloured stains, and fibre damage.
Bacteria are not as damaging to fibres, but can produce
some fibre damage,
unpleasant odours and a slick, slimy feel.
European Textile Chemical
Corporation
7. Treatment to avoid mold formulation
Putting up ultraviolet light to kill the
fungus
Maintain the temperature of the
room or area
Control of the humidity of the place
or area
Put to the pack garment into a air
proof plastic bag avoid humidity
during packing area
European Textile Chemical
Corporation
8. Latest technology to control anti mold
or fungi
Anti Mold Finish (EUROSOFT AOAM )
It is a chemical finish have been used to
produce fibers, textiles or garments with
demonstrable anti mold properties. The
chemical is specially developed anti-
microbial organic hydrophilic softener to
prevent malodor from packed garments,
developed due to microbial growth. A
treatment with EUROSOFT AOAM protect
the substrate from developing mal-odor
while storage and transport. European Textile Chemical
Corporation
9. Applying technique of Anti Mold
Finishing
Treated at yarn stage
Treated at fabric stage
Treated after garment processing
Standard moisture content of
fabric supposed to be 8-10%. If
moisture content increases need
more dose of biological softener.
European Textile Chemical
Corporation
10. Application of EUROSOFT AOAM
For softening and Odor/Mold preventing from
garments
Eurosoft AOAM 3.0-5.0 gpl
Adjust pH to 5.0-6.0
Temperature 30-40ᵒC
Time 10-15 minutes
For Disinfection of Hospital/Domestic Linen
Eurosoft AOAM 1.0-2.0 gpl
Adjust pH to 5.0-6.0
Temperature – Ambient Time
Time 10-15 minutes
European Textile Chemical
Corporation
11. Application
For application of soft flow machine
Eurosoft AOAM 3.0-5.0 gpl
Adjust pH to 5.0-6.0
Temperature – Ambient Time
Time 10-15 minutes
M:L - 1:3/5
For application in padding process
Eurosoft AOAM 20.0-40.0 gpl
Adjust pH to 5.0-6.0
Expression 55-50%
Temperature – 110ᵒC
Drying Time 2-3 minutes
European Textile Chemical
Corporation
12. Evaluation of anti mold finishes
Test
method
Test name Advantage Disadvantage
AATCC
100
Antibacterial finishes
on textile materials
Quantitative,
Sensitive,
realistic
Time consuming
AATCC 30 Antifungal activity,
assessment of textile
materials: Mildew and
rot resistance textile
materials.
Semi
quantitative,
Agar diffusion
tests
Not fully
realistic
AATCC
147
Antibacterial
assessment of textile
materials: Parallel
streak methods
Quick, easily,
inexpensive
Non realistic,
Non
quantitative,
Non
reproducible
AATCC
174
Antimicrobial activity
assessment of carpets;
qualitative and
quantitative
Only for carpet
EuropeanTextileChemicalCorporation
13. Comparison of test report (AATCC
100:2012)
Substrate Protocol Tests Result (%)
Untreated fabric Klebsiella
pneumonia
(ATCC4352)
% reduction of
K.pneumoniae
No reduction
observed
Staphylococc
us
aureus(ATCC
6538)
% reduction of
S.aureus
No reduction
observed
Treated with
EUROSOFT
AOAM
Klebsiella
pneumonia
(ATCC4352)
% reduction of
K.pneumoniae
99.9
Staphylococc
us
aureus(ATCC
6538)
% reduction of
S.aureus
99.9
European Textile Chemical Corporation
15. Test Result
Test
metho
d
Test protocol Result
AATC
C 100
% reduction of
K.pneumoniae
in %
100(B – A)/B = R
R = % reduction
A = the number of bacteria recovered from the inoculated treated test specimen swatches in
the jar incubated over the desired contact
period
B = the number of bacteria recovered from the inoculated treated test
specimen swatches in the jar immediately after inoculation (at
“0” contact time)
% reduction of S.aureus in %
100(B – A)/B = R
R = % reduction
A = the number of bacteria recovered from the inoculated treated test specimen swatches in
the jar incubated over the desired contact
period
B = the number of bacteria recovered from the inoculated treated test
specimen swatches in the jar immediately after inoculation (at
“0” contact time)
AATC
C 30
Aspergillus Niger (ATCC
6275)
Rating scale 0-2 and each number represents the degree of the mould growth observed on
the surface of the specimen.
0- No growth on surface of the specimen.
1-Growth only apparent under microscope (microscopic growth)
2- Mould growth on surface of the specimen (microscopic growth)
SGS
IHTM
Total plate count Colonies/sq cm
Yeast and Mold Colonies/sq cm European Textile Chemical Corporation
16. Microbial infestation poses
danger to both living and non-
living matters.
No fungus in a single garment.
A treatment with EUROSOFT
AOAM can ensure you no mold
in your garment from today.
European Textile Chemical Corporation