Yarn production process/ Spinning process

Presentation On Yarn Manufacturing
11/29/2014
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Md. Yousuf Hossain, Green University Of Bangladesh, yousuf_te@yahoo.com

11/29/2014
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NAME:- ID No. :-
Md. Yousuf Hossain. 120103063


Fiber:- A unit of matter characterized by flexible, fineness, elasticity, sufficient strength and a high length to width ratio.
e.g: Natural (Cotton, Jute, Wool, Silk)
Manmade (Viscose, Polyester)
Yarn:- Yarns are a grouping of fibers twisted together to form a continuous strand.
e.g: Staple or filament yarn.
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
Spinning:- Spinning is the process by which fibers are converted into yarn.
Process flow chart of spinning-
Cotton Bale Blowroom
↓
Carding
↓
Drawing
↓
Combing
↓
Drawing
↓
Roving/ Speed/ Simplex Frame
↓
Ring Spinning Yarn
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
Blowroom
The section where the supplied compressed bale is turned into a uniform lap by opening, cleaning, blending or mixing.
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
Functions of Blowroom:-
Opening: Open the cotton bales.
Cleaning: Eliminate dust, dirt, broken leaf, seed particles, grass.
Blending / Mixing: By blending/mixing different types of cotton produce a comparatively good quality cotton.
Lap Forming: Convert the opened and cleaned fiber into a sheet form.
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
Flow Chart of Blowroom (Modern):
Bale plucker
↓
Metal detector
↓
Uniclean
↓
Unimix
↓
Uni flex
Vision shield
↓
Condenser
↓
Chute feed
↓
Carding
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
Carding
Carding is the reduction of entangled mass of fibers to filmy web by working them between two closely spaced relatively moving surfaces closed with sharp points.
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
Functions Of Carding Machine
To remove the small trash particles.
To give some degree of blending.
To eliminate the remaining impurities.
To produce a thick untwisted rope of fibers called sliver.
Reduction of neps.
Fiber orientation.
Elimination of short fibers.
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
Carding
Main Parts:
Taker-in: The region from lap roller upto cylinder is known as taker-in.
Cylinder: The cylinder get opened with sharp teeth and then pass over to doffer.
Doffer: The doffer take the cleaned cotton.
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
Combing
The process of straightening or parallelizing of fibers and removing of short fibers and impurities by using brushes and rollers is called combing.
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
Objectives of Combing
To remove naps in the carded sliver.
To make the fiber more parallel and straight.
To produce a uniform sliver of required per unit length.
To remove the fiber shorter than a predetermined length.
To remove remaining impurities in the comber lap.
Formation of sliver having maximum possible evenness.
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
Drawing
Drawing is the process in which the slivers are blended, doubled, leveled and drafted by passing the slivers through a series of pairs of rollers.
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
Function Of Drawframe Machine
To straighten the crimped and hooked fibers.
To achieve a fairly through parallelization of the fibers.
To improve the short, medium and long term unevenness of the slivers by doubling.
To produce a more uniform sliver.
To reduce the weight/unit length of the card sliver.
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
Roving/Speed/Simplex Frame
Simplex is an intermediate process in which fibers are converted into low twist lea called roving.
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Operations Involved in Simplex Machine:
i.Creeling
ii.Drafting
iii.Twisting
iv.Winding
v.Building
vi.Doffing


Functions Roving/Speed/Simplex Frame:
To prepare the package for the R/F.
To draft the sliver to reduce weight per unit length.
Insert small amount of twist to give required strength of roving.
Wind the twisted roving on to the bobbin.
Build the roving in bobbin such a form which will facilitate handling, withdrawing & transfer to the next process.
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
Ring Frame
Spinning process is done by the Ring frame machine. Ring frame converts the bobbin into yarn.
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Functions of ring frame:
Draft the roving until the required fineness is achieved.
Twist the drafted strand to form yarn of required count and strength.
Winding the twisted yarn on to the bobbin for suitable storage, transportation and further processing.


Advantage of Ring Spinning System:
i.Any type of material (fiber) can be spun.
ii.Wide range of count can be processed.
iii.It delivers a yarn with optimum characteristics.
iv.Idealized twisting system.
v.It is uncomplicated and easy to operate.
vi.Higher yarn strength can be achieved
Disadvantages of Ring Spinning System:
i.Low production.
ii.Machine generates more heat .
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
Thanks To All For Watching This Presentation.
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yousuf_te@yahoo.com

Yarn production process/ Spinning process

Yarn production process/ Spinning process

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