1. Cyber crimes involve any illegal activities that use computers and networks. Common cyber crimes include hacking, malware distribution, software piracy, cybersex, fraud, and identity theft.
2. Hacking is the unauthorized access of computer systems or networks. Hackers may access systems to steal information, cause damage, or protest weaknesses. Malware like viruses and worms can be used to infect other computers.
3. Software piracy is the illegal copying or distribution of copyrighted software. It reduces profits for developers and poses security risks. Other cyber crimes like cybersex, pornography, and fraud also use computers to enable or facilitate illegal activities.
Types of Computer Forensics Technology, Types of Military Computer Forensic Technology, Types of Law Enforcement, Computer Forensic Technology, Types of Business Computer Forensic Technology, Specialized Forensics Techniques, Hidden Data and How to Find It, Spyware and Adware, Encryption Methods and Vulnerabilities, Protecting Data from Being Compromised Internet Tracing Methods, Security and Wireless Technologies, Avoiding Pitfalls with Firewalls Biometric Security Systems
Types of Computer Forensics Technology, Types of Military Computer Forensic Technology, Types of Law Enforcement, Computer Forensic Technology, Types of Business Computer Forensic Technology, Specialized Forensics Techniques, Hidden Data and How to Find It, Spyware and Adware, Encryption Methods and Vulnerabilities, Protecting Data from Being Compromised Internet Tracing Methods, Security and Wireless Technologies, Avoiding Pitfalls with Firewalls Biometric Security Systems
The development of intelligent network forensic tools to focus on specific type of network traffic analysis is a challenge in terms of future perspective.
This will reduce time delays, less computational resources requirement; minimize attacks, providing reliable and secured evidences, and efficient investigation with minimum efforts
Current Forensic tools: evaluating computer forensic tool needs, computer forensics software tools, computer forensics hardware tools, validating and testing forensics software E-Mail Investigations: Exploring the role of e-mail in investigation, exploring the roles of the client and server in e-mail, investigating e-mail crimes and violations, understanding e-mail servers, using specialized e-mail forensic tools. Cell phone and mobile device forensics: Understanding mobile device forensics, understanding acquisition procedures for cell phones and mobile devices
Technology is negative only in the hands of people who do not realize that they are one and the same process as the universe.
tips to avoid cyber crime:
Ignore the unwanted messages or e-mails
Protect your e-identity (electronic identity)
Never store your own details on any mobile device (Secure mobile devices)
If in doubt, block
Ignore pop-ups
Only shop online on secure sites
Different site, different passwords (don’t use same key for all locks)
Lock down your FB account
Always make sure that login pages use SSL and that the login pages starts with https://
When identifying the most useful best-practice standards and guidance for implementing effective cyber security, it is important to establish the role that each fulfils, its scope and how it interacts (or will interact) with other standards and guidance.
Cybersecurity standards are generally applicable to all organisations regardless of their size or the industry and sector in which they operate. This page provides generic information on each of the standards that is usually recognised as an essential component of any cyber security strategy.
details of tools and methods used in cyber crime & how to protect your system from crimes...
detail study of password cracking, Denial of service, DDoS, steganography, keylogger, proxy server, phishing etc..
This was a presentation by Hewie Poplock on Tuesday, November 15th, 2016 in the Goodwill Manasota (FL) Ranch Lake Community Room, "How to Avoid Identity Theft".
A victim of identity theft himself, Hewie will provide examples of how ID theft can happen as well as suggestions and precautions on how to prevent you and your family from becoming victims of identity theft yourselves. Topics covered included:
• What is Identity Theft
• How ID Theft Happens
• How to Protect Yourself
• Phishing
• Data Breaches
• Facebook Spoofing
• Skimmers
• Security Freeze
• On Line Shopping Safety
• Credit Card Chips
• What to Do If You are a Victim
Hewie is a former teacher, college instructor, business owner and manager, IT Manager, and web designer. He is currently semi-retired, but is active in technology user groups and frequently speaks to and teaches groups who are mostly seniors. He holds a monthly Windows Special Interest Group for a group in Orlando and has several videos on YouTube. He is an active member of The Sarasota Technology User Group.
Hacking,History Of Hacking,Types of Hacking,Types Of Hackers,Cyber Laws for ...Qazi Anwar
Hacking
History Of Hacking
Types of Hacking
The Most World’s famous Hackers
Types Of Hackers
Scope Of Ethical Hackers
Cyber Laws for Hacking and their Punishments in Pakistan
How to Prevent Hacking
The development of intelligent network forensic tools to focus on specific type of network traffic analysis is a challenge in terms of future perspective.
This will reduce time delays, less computational resources requirement; minimize attacks, providing reliable and secured evidences, and efficient investigation with minimum efforts
Current Forensic tools: evaluating computer forensic tool needs, computer forensics software tools, computer forensics hardware tools, validating and testing forensics software E-Mail Investigations: Exploring the role of e-mail in investigation, exploring the roles of the client and server in e-mail, investigating e-mail crimes and violations, understanding e-mail servers, using specialized e-mail forensic tools. Cell phone and mobile device forensics: Understanding mobile device forensics, understanding acquisition procedures for cell phones and mobile devices
Technology is negative only in the hands of people who do not realize that they are one and the same process as the universe.
tips to avoid cyber crime:
Ignore the unwanted messages or e-mails
Protect your e-identity (electronic identity)
Never store your own details on any mobile device (Secure mobile devices)
If in doubt, block
Ignore pop-ups
Only shop online on secure sites
Different site, different passwords (don’t use same key for all locks)
Lock down your FB account
Always make sure that login pages use SSL and that the login pages starts with https://
When identifying the most useful best-practice standards and guidance for implementing effective cyber security, it is important to establish the role that each fulfils, its scope and how it interacts (or will interact) with other standards and guidance.
Cybersecurity standards are generally applicable to all organisations regardless of their size or the industry and sector in which they operate. This page provides generic information on each of the standards that is usually recognised as an essential component of any cyber security strategy.
details of tools and methods used in cyber crime & how to protect your system from crimes...
detail study of password cracking, Denial of service, DDoS, steganography, keylogger, proxy server, phishing etc..
This was a presentation by Hewie Poplock on Tuesday, November 15th, 2016 in the Goodwill Manasota (FL) Ranch Lake Community Room, "How to Avoid Identity Theft".
A victim of identity theft himself, Hewie will provide examples of how ID theft can happen as well as suggestions and precautions on how to prevent you and your family from becoming victims of identity theft yourselves. Topics covered included:
• What is Identity Theft
• How ID Theft Happens
• How to Protect Yourself
• Phishing
• Data Breaches
• Facebook Spoofing
• Skimmers
• Security Freeze
• On Line Shopping Safety
• Credit Card Chips
• What to Do If You are a Victim
Hewie is a former teacher, college instructor, business owner and manager, IT Manager, and web designer. He is currently semi-retired, but is active in technology user groups and frequently speaks to and teaches groups who are mostly seniors. He holds a monthly Windows Special Interest Group for a group in Orlando and has several videos on YouTube. He is an active member of The Sarasota Technology User Group.
Hacking,History Of Hacking,Types of Hacking,Types Of Hackers,Cyber Laws for ...Qazi Anwar
Hacking
History Of Hacking
Types of Hacking
The Most World’s famous Hackers
Types Of Hackers
Scope Of Ethical Hackers
Cyber Laws for Hacking and their Punishments in Pakistan
How to Prevent Hacking
Webinar: Effektiven Return on Ad Spend (ROAS) über personalisierte Facebook-...Nosto
Möchten Sie Ihre idealen Kunden erreichen in einem Marktplatz bestehend aus 1,6 Milliarden Nutzern? Möchten Sie die richtigen Kunden in Ihren Onlineshop locken und einen effektiven ROAS generieren?
Facebook Ads könnten die Lösung für Sie sein, damit Sie ganz einfach hochwertigen Traffic anlocken können!
For more information, see http://toronto.ca/transitto
Do not include any personal information as all posted material on this site is considered to be part of a public record as defined by section 27 of the Municipal Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act.
We reserve the right to remove inappropriate comments. Please see Terms of Use for City of Toronto Social Media Sites at http://www.toronto.ca/e-updates/termsofuse.htm.
SHIFT (Sustainable Tourism In Fragile Territories) es una iniciativa financiada por la Comisión Europea a través del programa MED y coordinada por la Cámara de Comercio de Nápoles, en la que participa la Confederación de Empresarial de la Provincia de Alicante (COEPA) como impulsor de la misma en la Costa Blanca.
SHIFT constituye una apuesta definitiva de la comunidad empresarial de la provincia de Alicante por un turismo sostenible y capaz de aprovechar las innumerables posibilidades que ofrecen las dinámicas de complementariedad territorial en sus vertientes natural y cultural.
Las rutas temáticas que se presentan a continuación se han diseñado con la finalidad de asistir a touroperadores y agencias de viajes en la programación de excursiones con origen en dos de los principales destinos litorales de la provincia, Benidorm y Alicante-Playa San Juan.
De la mano de estas rutas, que incluyen multitud de itinerarios guiados a realizar cómodamente en transporte colectivo, el turista se adentra en un mundo de sensaciones, posibilidades y nuevas experiencias descubriendo atractivos naturales, culturales y etnográficos del litoral y el interior alicantino.
Más información http://viajarcostablanca.com/es/
More information http://viajarcostablanca.com/
En la charla se describe un caso práctico de detección de una APT (Advanced Persistent Threat o Amenaza Persistent Avanzada), y cómo se gestiona un incidente de estas características desde que se detecta hasta que se soluciona.
We are market leaders in the areas of cyber forensic investigations, IT risk management, data recovery, penetration testing and corporate training. Some of our personnel have been acknowledged by the High Court of SA as expert witnesses in their field and have conducted extensive criminal, civil and departmental investigations nationally and Asia.
Cyber Crimes Overview with special focus on Cyber crimes in India. Discussion related to some different types of Cyber Crimes. The presentation states the act about the growing concerns of Cyber Crime and also shows Statistical Data.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
2. Cyber Space
• Worldwide network of computers and the
equipment that connect them, which by its
very design is free and open to the public
• Electronic medium of computer networks, in
which online communication takes place
3. Cyber Crime
• Any crime that involves computers and the
network
• Uses the computer to perform the crime
• Computer is the target
4. Why do we need to learn about cyber
crime?
• Everybody is using computers
• Monetary transactions are moving on to the
internet
• Many conventional crimes are being
committed with the help of computers
We have become reliant on the internet from
passing emails to hypersensitive data
5. Types of Cyber Crimes
1. Hacking 11. Spoofing
2. Salami Attack 12. Spam
3. Malware dissemination 13. Denial of Service
4. Software Piracy 14. Threatening
5. Forgery 15. Net Extortion
6. Obscene or Offensive 16. Cyber Terrorism
Content 17. Drug Trafficking
7. Pornography 18. Cyber Warfare
8. Cyber Sex 19. Cyber Stalking
9. Fraud 20. Cyber Defamation
10. Phishing 21. IRC Crime
6. Hacking
• The act of gaining unauthorized access to a
computer system or network
• Unauthorized using of this access
• Illegal intrusion into the computer system
without the computer owner’s permission
7. Hacker
• person who finds out weaknesses in the
computer and exploits it
• profit, protest, or challenge
8. Classification of Hacker
• White hat
– perform penetration tests and vulnerability assessments within
a contractual agreement
• Black hat
– break into secure networks to destroy data or make the network
unusable for those who are authorized to use the network
• Grey hat
– hack into a computer system for the sole purpose of notifying
the administrator that their system has been hacked
• Blue hat
– someone outside computer security consulting firms who is
used to bug test a system prior to its launch
9. Social Status of Hacker
• Elite Hacker
• Script Kiddie
– non-expert who breaks into computer systems by
using pre-packaged automated tools written by
others
• Neophyte
• Hacktivist
– hacker who utilizes technology to announce a
social, ideological, religious, or political message
10. Salami Attack
• Penny Shaving. The idea is to make the change
small enough that any single transaction will go
undetected
• Criminals makes insignificant changes in such a
manner that such changes would go unnoticed
• Criminals makes small programs that deducts
small amounts like 1php per month from the
account of all customers of the bank deposit the
same in his account
11. Malware
• Malicious Software that attach itself to other
software
• Infectious Malware
– Virus - infecting files on a network file system or a
file system that is accessed by other computers
– Worms - uses a computer network to send copies
of itself to other nodes . It does not need to attach
itself to an existing program.
12. Malware
• Concealment Malware
– Trojan Horse - make copies of themselves, steal
information, or harm their host computer systems
– Rootkits - hide the existence of certain processes or
programs from normal methods of detection and
enables continued privileged access to a computer
– Backdoor - method of bypassing normal
authentication procedures
– Logic Bomb is a piece of code intentionally inserted
into a software system that will set off a malicious
function when specified conditions are met.
– Time Bomb
13. Malware
• Other Malwares
– Spyware - collects information about users
without their knowledge
– Keystroke logger
– Botnets
– Adware - automatically renders advertisements
14. Software Piracy
• Theft of software through illegal copying of
genuine programs
• End-user copying: Organizations installing or
using software on more computers than they
are licensed to support.
• Distribution: Selling or distributing illegally
copied software, including counterfeit products.
• Downloading: Making unauthorized copies from
the Internet.
15. Types of Software Piracy
• End User Piracy: This occurs when a company
employee or an individual reproduces copies of
software without authorization.
– Using one licensed copy to install a program on
multiple computers;
– Copying disks for installation and distribution;
– Taking advantage of upgrade offers without having a
legal copy of the version to be upgraded;
– Acquiring academic or other restricted or non-retail
software without a license for commercial use;
– Swapping disks in or outside the workplace.
16. • Client-Server Overuse: This type of piracy
occurs when too many employees on a
network are using a central copy of a program
at the same time. If you have a local-area
network and install programs on the server for
several people to use, you have to be sure
your license entitles you to do so. If you have
more users than allowed by the license, that’s
“overuse”.
17. • Internet Piracy: This occurs when software is
downloaded from the Internet. The same
purchasing rules should apply to online software
purchase as for those bought in traditional ways
– Pirate websites that make software available for free
download or in exchange for uploaded programs;
– Internet auction sites that offer counterfeit, out-of-
channel, infringing copyright software;
– Peer-to-Peer networks that enable unauthorized
transfer of copyrighted programs.
18. • Hard-Disk Loading: This occurs when a
business who sells new computers loads illegal
copies of software onto the hard disks to
make the purchase of the machines more
attractive
• Software Counterfeiting: This type of piracy is
the illegal duplication and sale of copyrighted
material with the intent of directly imitating
the copyrighted product
19. Source of Software Piracy
• P2P networks
• Search engines
• IRC cracking channels
• Street CDs
• Friends
20. Software Piracy Motives
• Pricing – unwillingness or inability to pay the
price requested by the legitimate sellers
• Unavailability – no legitimate sellers providing
the product in the country of the end-user
• Usefulness – the legitimate product comes
with various means of restricting legitimate
use
21. Effects of Software Piracy
• Reduces profits for the software developer
– Loss of jobs
– Increased prices for software
• reduces development money for future
products
• individual who uses pirated software cannot
receive technical support
• Risks to malware
• Risks to file corruption
22. Forgery
• Counterfeiting legal documents using
computers, printers and scanners
– Currency notes
– Postage
– Revenue stamps
– Mark sheets
– Checks
23. Obscene or offensive content
• Most common to websites that violates
limitations on certain speech, being
racist, blasphemous, politically
subversive, libellous or
slanderous, seditious, or inflammatory
material that tends to incite hate crimes
24. Pornography & Cybersex
• Publishing, transmitting any material in
electronic form which is lascivious in content
• Explicit portrayal of sexual subject matter for
the purposes of sexual arousal and erotic
satisfaction
25. Use of Internet Pornography and
Cybersex
• To get information
• To observe and contact victims
• To develop fantasies and get aroused
• To overcome own inhibitions
• To seduce victims and make them sexually
aroused
• To produce pornographic material with their
victims
• To exchange this material with and sell it to
others
• To contact other offenders
26. Characteristics of Internet
Pornography and Cyber Sex
• Easy access: at home, every time, cheap, anonymous
• Variability of the pornographic material:
photos, films, texts, message-systems, chats (with two
or more persons), audio-visual communication
(microphone, webcam)
• Unlimited market: continuously new material
• More deviant, violent pornography (magazines <
videos < internet)
• World wide spectators and auditorium
• Low risk of detection and prosecution of illegal
activities
27. • Interactive communication with reciprocal
influence on fantasies and ‘real’ behaviour -
immediate or delayed
• Space to experiment between fantasy and „real
life“-behaviour
• Virtual identities
• Facilitates addictive
consumption, habituation, desensitization
• Easy, unlimited networking (esp. for
minorities), anonymous contacts between
‘perpetrator’ and ‘victim’ and between different
‘perpetrators’
28. Effects of Pornography
• Family
– Married men who are involved in pornography feel less
satisfied with their conjugal relations and less emotionally
attached to their wives. Wives notice and are upset by the
difference.
– Pornography use is a pathway to infidelity and divorce, and
is frequently a major factor in these family disasters.
– Among couples affected by one spouse's addiction, two-
thirds experience a loss of interest in sexual intercourse.
– Both spouses perceive pornography viewing as
tantamount to infidelity.
– Pornography viewing leads to a loss of interest in good
family relations.
29. • Individual
– Pornography is addictive
– Users tend to become desensitized to the type of pornography
they use and seek for more perverse forms of pornography.
– Men who view pornography regularly have a higher tolerance
for abnormal sexuality, including rape, and sexual aggression.
– Prolonged consumption of pornography by men produces
stronger notions of women as commodities or as "sex objects."
– Pornography engenders greater sexual permissiveness, which in
turn leads to a greater risk of out-of-wedlock births and STDs.
30. – Child-sex offenders are more likely to view
pornography regularly or to be involved in its
distribution.
– Many adolescents who view pornography initially feel
shame, diminished self-confidence, and sexual
uncertainty, but these feelings quickly shift to
unadulterated enjoyment with regular viewing.
• Society
– The presence of sexually oriented businesses
significantly harms the surrounding
community, leading to increases in crime and
decreases in property values.
31. Preventive Measures against Internet
Pornography
• Sexual education starting before adolescence and puberty
• Active support of youth in exploring the Internet
• Teaching youth not to disclose their identity (e-mail
address, telephone-no. etc.)
• Teaching youth not to respond to hostile, soliciting,
inadequate, or unwanted contacts
• No Internet access in the youth private rooms
• Limiting time youth spend in the Internet
• Installation of filtering/blocking/tracking software
• Caregivers should know online friends of their children
• Keeping children out of chat-rooms or control their
communication
• Counselling and therapy for those with problematic
internet pornography behaviour
32. Fraud
• Any dishonest representation of fact intended
to let another to do or refrain from doing
something which causes loss
• Done by fraudster
33. Some Types of Fraud
• Credit Card Fraud
– Theft and fraud using a credit card or any similar
payment mechanisms a fraudulent source of funds
and transactions
• False Advertising
– use of false or misleading statements in advertising
– Example: Hidden Charges
• Identity Theft
– form of stealing another person's identity in which
someone pretends to be someone else by assuming
that person's identity
34. Internet Fraud
• Purchase fraud
– occurs when a criminal approaches a merchant and
proposes a business transaction, and then uses fraudulent
means to pay for it
– Example: Online auction and retail schemes
• Work-at-home schemes
– A job is offered to work at home, with the fraudster
claiming to represent a real corporation. They must
purchase a software to work there and a money must be
paid via western union. Of course the fraudster keeps the
money, and there is no real job. Victims have called the
company afterwards, but the fraudster never actually
worked for or represented the company.
35. • Dating Fraud
– the con artist develops a relationship with their victim
and convinces them to send money to the fraudster
• Internet marketing and retail fraud
– The victim is tricked, by a legitimate-looking site and
effective marketing, into giving their credit card
information or sending funds by other means in
exchange for what they believe to be goods or
services. The goods never arrive, turn out to be
fake, or are products worth less than those
advertised.
36. • Internet ticket fraud
– A variation of Internet marketing fraud offers
tickets to sought-after events such as
concerts, shows, and sports events. The tickets are
fake, or are never delivered.
• Pharming
– is a hacker's attack aiming to redirect a website's
traffic to another, bogus site.
37. Phishing
• Fraudulent process of attempting to acquire
sensitive information such as username and
passwords and credit card details, by
masquerading as a trustworthy entity in an
electronic communication
39. Spoofing
• The process of deception by which an individual
or system alters its identity or creates additional
entities, thereby causing another person or
system to act incorrectly
• Getting one computer on a network to pretend to
have the identity of another computer, usually
one with special access privileges, so as to obtain
access to other computers on a network
• Example:
– Upload a song over a site, advertise it to be
downloaded, but once download it is non listenable
40. Preventive Measures against Internet
Fraud
• Shipping
– Use postal insurance
– Use package tracking services
– Use a trusted courier that requires the recipient's signature on
delivery
– Suspend the delivery if you become suspicious of fraud
– Don't ship an order until additional identity and payment checking is
complete
• Orders
– Validate all the details of each order
– Keep records of order statistics so you can build up a picture of typical
orders
– If you've identified patterns of fraud, make sure alerts are triggered
when an order fits the pattern
41. • Customers
– Make sure the customer genuinely exists
– Keep records on customers with good purchase
histories and on those you've had trouble with
– Use a means such as AVS (Address Verification
System) to make sure the customer's physical address
is valid
– Make sure both the billing and shipping addresses are
valid, especially if they are different
– Keep records of all contact you have with customers
42. – Use a means such as online phone books to check that
a supplied phone number is valid
– Ensure any email or web addresses are valid and
reputable
– Ring the customer to verify their order
– Make it clear to all customers that orders and
payments will be authenticated before shipping
– Warn customers that their transaction details and
their IP number (Internet address) will be recorded
– Keep records of customer purchases to establish their
typical buying patterns
43. • Credit cards
– If in doubt, ask for an independent copy of the customer's
signature
– Ask the customer to fax the front of their credit card
– Keep a record of credit card numbers you've had problems
with or suspicions about in the past
– Find out the card's issuing bank and country of origin and
make sure they match the information you've been given
by the customer
– Use a means such as CVV2, SecureCode or CID (depending
on the credit card vendor) to help make sure the card
information hasn't been stolen
– Call the issuing bank and verify the customer's details
44. Spam
• Unsolicited sending of bulk emails for
commercial purposes, is unlawful to varying
degrees
• Done using zombie computers
– zombie is a computer connected to the Internet
that has been compromised by a
cracker, computer virus or Trojan horse and can be
used to perform malicious tasks of one sort or
another under remote direction.
45. • It happens in different media:
– Email
– Instant messaging
– Newsgroup
– Forums
– Mobile Phone
– Online game messaging
– Spam targeting search engines
– Blogs
– Guestbook
– Spam targeting video sharing sites
– SPIT (Spam over internet telephony) or VOIP spam
46. Denial of Service
• Act of flooding the bandwidth of the victims
network depriving him the services he is
entitled to access or provide
• Involves flooding of computer resources with
more requests than it can handle causing the
resource to crash thereby denying the
authorized users the service offered by the
resources
47. Threatening / Cyber Bullying
• The criminals sends threatening email or
comes in contact in chat rooms with victim
48. Net Extortion
• the victim is threatened to hand over goods or
property, or else damage to their reputation
or other harm or violence against them may
occur
• Copying the company’s confidential data in
order to extort said company for huge amount
49. Cyber Stalking
• Repeated acts of harassment or threatening
behaviour of the cyber criminal towards the
victim by using internet services
• Harassment
– Following the victim
– Making harassment phone calls
– Vandalizing the property
– Leaving written messages or objects
50. Cyber defamation
• The criminals sends emails containing
defamatory matters on a website
• Defamatory
– Statements that makes a claim, expressly stated or
implied to be factual, that may give anyone a
negative image
51. Cyber Terrorism
• An act of terrorism committed through the
cyberspace
• Example
– Scattering news that there will be a bomb attack
in a location on this date
– Collecting information for ruining peoples live
52. Drug Trafficking
• Drug Traffickers are increasingly taking
advantages of the internet to sell their illegal
substances through encrypted e-mail and
other Internet Technology
• Drug traffickers arrange deals at internet
cafes, and use courier web sites to track their
deals
53. Cyber Warfare
• form of information warfare
• Actions by a nation or state to penetrate
another nation’s computer to cause damage
or disruption
54. IRC Crimes
• Inter Relay Chat servers have chat rooms in
which people from anywhere the world can
come together and chat with each other
• Criminals use it for meeting co-conspirators
• Hackers use it for exploiting
• Paedophiles use it for luring children
55. The modern thief can steal more with a
computer than with a gun. Tomorrow's terrorist
may be able to do more damage with a
keyboard than with a bomb