This document discusses engineering and cyber security. It defines engineering as the application of scientific knowledge to design, build, and improve structures and systems. Computer engineering involves software development, design, testing, database management, and network security. Cybercrime uses computers to commit crimes and can target computers or use them to enable other crimes. Common cyber attacks are viruses, spam emails, phishing, and malware. Cyber security technologies like authentication, encryption, digital signatures, antivirus software, and firewalls are used to protect against cyber threats.

1. PRASHANT KUMAR SHARMA
Lecturer
CS Department

2. What is the meaning of Engineering & Engineers
The term Engineering is derived from the Latin word ingenium, meaning
"cleverness" .
Engineering is the application of scientific, economic, social, and practical
knowledge in order to invent, design, build, maintain, research, and improve
structures, machines, devices, systems, materials, and processes.
One who practices engineering is called an engineer.

3. Different branches of engineering
• civil engineering -
The branch of engineering concerned with the design and
construction of such public works as dams or bridges
• EE, electrical engineering -
The branch of engineering science that studies the uses of electricity
and the equipment for power generation
and distribution and the control of machines and communication
• computer science -
The branch of engineering science that studies (with the aid of computers)
computable processes and structures.
• mechanical engineering -
The branch of engineering that deals with the design and construction
and of machinery

4. Scope of Computer Engineering
There are many fields of Computer Engineering.
• Software Development.
• Designing and Graphics.
• Software Testing.
• Database Management.
• Network Security or Cyber Security.

6. Cyber crime
• Cyber crime, or computer crime, is any crime that involves a computer and
a network . The computer may have been used in the commission of a
crime, or it may be the target
• Net crime is criminal exploitation of the Internet, inherently a cybercrime
• Cybercrime is a term for any illegal activity that uses a computer as its
primary means of commission. The U.S. Department of Justice expands
the definition of cybercrime to include any illegal activity that uses a
computer for the storage of evidence.

7. Types of Cyber Attack

8. 1. Computer viruses and Worms.
Viruses and worms are computer programs that affect the storage devices of
a computer or network, which then replicate information without the
knowledge of the user.
2. Spam E-mails.
Spam emails are unsolicited emails or junk newsgroup postings. Spam emails
are sent without the consent of the receiver — potentially creating a wide
range of problems if they are not filtered appropriately
3. Phishing.
Phishing attacks are designed to steal a person’s login and password. For
instance, the phisher can access the victims’ bank accounts or assume
control of their social network.
4. Malware
Malware is a software that takes control of any individual’s computer to
spread a bug to other people’s devices or social networking profiles. Such
software can also be used to create a ‘botnet’— a network of computers
controlled remotely by hackers, known as ‘herders,’ — to spread spam or
viruses

9. Cyber Threat Evolution
Virus
Breaking
Web Sites
Malicious
Code
(Melissa)
Advanced Worm /
Trojan (I LOVE
YOU)
Identity Theft
(Phishing)
Organised Crime
Data Theft, DoS /
DDoS
1995 2000 2003-04 2005-06 2007-081977

10. 10
Security Incidents reported during 2008

11. Cyber crime Components
Laptop
Desktop
PDA
Cell phone

12. Cyber Security
• Cyber security is the body of technologies, processes and practices designed
to protect networks, computers, programs and data from attack, damage or
unauthorized access.
• Cyber security, also known as Computer security or IT security,
this security applied to computers, computer networks, and the data stored
and transmitted over them

13. Tools & Techniques Used in Cyber
Security
• Authentication.
• Encryption.
• Digital Signature.
• Anti-virus.
• Firewall.

14. Authentication
• This fundamental cyber security technique intends to verify the identity of
user based on the credentials stored in the security domain of the system. The
most common mode of governance is password technology.

15. Encryption
• Encryption renders data undecipherable without application of a proper key to
unlock the same. To combat an encryption, one would be required to
undertake solving complicated mathematical problems like factoring large
primes that would consume astronomical amount of computing resources and
time.

16. Digital Signature
• Digital signatures can be erected out of the same mathematical algorithms
that are employed in asymmetric encryption. A user is free to test that he
possesses a private key by getting some information encoded with it. Anyone
can get the same decrypted by having the public key that will verify the
person’s credentials.

17. Anti Virus
• The threats of computer viruses or undesirable short programs that trigger
unwanted commands without the explicit consent of user have assumed
monstrous proportions. Anti-virus software carries out two functions; it
prevents the installation of virus in a system and scans the systems for viruses
that are already installed.

18. Firewalls
• Firewalls effectively hinders any attempt of unauthorized access to a computer
when it is connected on the internet by hackers directly or via other network
connections. Firewalls come bundled up with most operating systems and are
turned on by default.

19. E-Mail : santhab.prashant@gmail.com