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Direct instruction:
Dichotomous Keys
Dichotomous key
1 With flower.
Without flower
Angiosperms
Go to 2
2 Seedless.
Seed bearing
Go to 3
Gymnosperms
3 Plant body do not differentiated into root,
stem and leaves.
Plant body differentiated into root, stem and
leaves
Go to 4
Go to 5
4 Without photosynthetic pigment.
With chlorophyll or other photosynthetic
pigment
Algae
Fungi
5 No vascular tissues.
With vascular tissues
Mosses
Fern
Another Example of a dichotomous key…
Life is organized at all levels
from cells to biosphere
how is life organizeD?how is life organizeD?
But what if we find things we
don't know and we want to know
what they are?
What’s my name !?
We use something’s
characteristics in a
similar way using…
Dichotomous Keys
A dichotomous key is a tool that allows the
user to determine the identity of items in the
natural world based on the items
characteristics
"Dichotomous" means
“divided into two parts” Greek origin
dichotomous keys always give two distinct
choices in each step, often they are opposites
Black/white; good/evil; pointed/rounded
How to use a dichotomous key?
Here are creatures we don’t know!
Lets choose one
How to use a Dichotomous Key?
Choose only one creature at a time.
How to use a Dichotomous Key?
Read steps 1a and 1b
Decide which statement is true
How to use a Dichotomous Key?
1b is true
Then follow the directions after that step.
Go to step 5!
How to use a Dichotomous Key?
At choice 5, you make another dichotomous choice
How to use a Dichotomous Key?
Go tostep 6!
5a is true
Keep going until you come to a step
that gives you the creature’s name.
C
How to use a Dichotomous Key?
6 a. The creature has one antennae Go to Step 7.
Choose a new creature and start at step 1a andstart at step 1a and
1b1b again. Continue until you find the creature’s
name.
C
How to use a Dichotomous Key?
Where do you start Again?
Then, find the names of all the creatures
1. a. wings covered by an exoskeleton – go to step 2
b. wings freely observed – Go to step 3
2. a. body has a round shape ……….ladybug, a red beetle with
black spots
b. body has an elongated shape ……….grasshopper, a green
insect that hops
3. a. wings point out from the side of the body ……….dragonfly,
an insect that is 10- 15 cm long and lives in marshes
b. wings point to the posterior of the body ……….housefly, a
flying insect with red eyes and an annoying buzz
What if I needed to make a key:
- Use constant characteristics rather than variable ones. (Flowers
change with the seasons)
- Use measurements rather than terms like "large" and "small".
- Make the choice a positive one
- something "is" instead of "is not".
- Ex: snake ears are internal only
- If possible, start both choices of a pair with the same word or
item.
- the body is “round” vs the body is “square”
- Finish the dichotomous key with a full description of the
organism
Dichotomous key
the dichotomous key can also be expressed in a diagram form
N o n - f lo w e r in g p l a n t s
W it h o u t p h o t s y n -
t h e t ic p i g m e n t
W it h c h l o r o p h y l l o r
o t h e r p h o t o s y n t h e t ic
p i g m e n t
A l g a e F u n g i
N o v a s c u la r
t is s u e s
W it h v a s c u l a r
t i s s u e s
M o s s e s G y m n o s p e r m s
P l a n t b o d y n o t
d i f f e r e n t ia t e d in t o
r o o t , s t e m a n d
le a v e s
P l a n t b o d y
d i f f e re n t ia t e d
in t o s t e m a n d
le a v e s
S e e d le s s S e e d - b e a r in g
F e r n s
F lo w e r in g P la n t s
( A n g io s p e r m )
W it h o u t f l o w e rW it h f l o w e r
P l a n t s

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1.4 Dichotomous Key Presentation

  • 2. Dichotomous key 1 With flower. Without flower Angiosperms Go to 2 2 Seedless. Seed bearing Go to 3 Gymnosperms 3 Plant body do not differentiated into root, stem and leaves. Plant body differentiated into root, stem and leaves Go to 4 Go to 5 4 Without photosynthetic pigment. With chlorophyll or other photosynthetic pigment Algae Fungi 5 No vascular tissues. With vascular tissues Mosses Fern Another Example of a dichotomous key…
  • 3. Life is organized at all levels from cells to biosphere how is life organizeD?how is life organizeD?
  • 4. But what if we find things we don't know and we want to know what they are? What’s my name !? We use something’s characteristics in a similar way using…
  • 5. Dichotomous Keys A dichotomous key is a tool that allows the user to determine the identity of items in the natural world based on the items characteristics "Dichotomous" means “divided into two parts” Greek origin dichotomous keys always give two distinct choices in each step, often they are opposites Black/white; good/evil; pointed/rounded
  • 6. How to use a dichotomous key?
  • 7. Here are creatures we don’t know! Lets choose one How to use a Dichotomous Key?
  • 8. Choose only one creature at a time. How to use a Dichotomous Key?
  • 9. Read steps 1a and 1b Decide which statement is true How to use a Dichotomous Key? 1b is true
  • 10. Then follow the directions after that step. Go to step 5! How to use a Dichotomous Key?
  • 11. At choice 5, you make another dichotomous choice How to use a Dichotomous Key? Go tostep 6! 5a is true
  • 12. Keep going until you come to a step that gives you the creature’s name. C How to use a Dichotomous Key? 6 a. The creature has one antennae Go to Step 7.
  • 13. Choose a new creature and start at step 1a andstart at step 1a and 1b1b again. Continue until you find the creature’s name. C How to use a Dichotomous Key? Where do you start Again?
  • 14. Then, find the names of all the creatures
  • 15. 1. a. wings covered by an exoskeleton – go to step 2 b. wings freely observed – Go to step 3 2. a. body has a round shape ……….ladybug, a red beetle with black spots b. body has an elongated shape ……….grasshopper, a green insect that hops 3. a. wings point out from the side of the body ……….dragonfly, an insect that is 10- 15 cm long and lives in marshes b. wings point to the posterior of the body ……….housefly, a flying insect with red eyes and an annoying buzz
  • 16. What if I needed to make a key: - Use constant characteristics rather than variable ones. (Flowers change with the seasons) - Use measurements rather than terms like "large" and "small". - Make the choice a positive one - something "is" instead of "is not". - Ex: snake ears are internal only - If possible, start both choices of a pair with the same word or item. - the body is “round” vs the body is “square” - Finish the dichotomous key with a full description of the organism
  • 17. Dichotomous key the dichotomous key can also be expressed in a diagram form N o n - f lo w e r in g p l a n t s W it h o u t p h o t s y n - t h e t ic p i g m e n t W it h c h l o r o p h y l l o r o t h e r p h o t o s y n t h e t ic p i g m e n t A l g a e F u n g i N o v a s c u la r t is s u e s W it h v a s c u l a r t i s s u e s M o s s e s G y m n o s p e r m s P l a n t b o d y n o t d i f f e r e n t ia t e d in t o r o o t , s t e m a n d le a v e s P l a n t b o d y d i f f e re n t ia t e d in t o s t e m a n d le a v e s S e e d le s s S e e d - b e a r in g F e r n s F lo w e r in g P la n t s ( A n g io s p e r m ) W it h o u t f l o w e rW it h f l o w e r P l a n t s