This document introduces databases and database management systems (DBMS). It defines a database as an organized collection of related data for a specific purpose. A DBMS is software that allows for the efficient, reliable, and secure creation and maintenance of computerized databases. It provides capabilities like data retrieval, sorting, indexing, reporting, and calculations. System applications of databases include banking, airlines, universities, and more. A DBMS provides data independence so the conceptual view of data is separate from the physical storage, allowing changes without affecting applications.

1. Introduction To Database
BY BISHAL GHIMIRE
bishal.ghimire@gmail.com

2. Concept of Database
 Organized Collection of Information
 Telephone Book
 Recipe Book
 Mailing List
 Database
 Set of data related to specific purpose or topic
 Access - Includes tools needed to work with data
 Sorting
 Extracting
 Summarizing

3. Database Terminology
 Table
 A list of related information in columns & rows
 Each row in the table is Record
 Each Column in the table is category or Field
 One Item of data is called a Data Value
 E.g. – your actual phone number in phone book

4. DBMS
 DBMS
 A software package for the creation and maintenance of a
computerized database
 Provides
 Efficient
 Reliable
 Convenient
 Safe
 Multi User
 Massive Storage
 Persistent data

5. DBMS Capabilities
 Basic operations such as addition, delection, and
modification
 Selectively retriving data
 Sorting and indexing of database
 Generate Reports
 Mathematical Calculation using built-in functions

6. System Applications
 Banking
 Airlines
 Universities
 Credit Card Transactions
 Telecommunication
 Finance
 Sale
 Manufacturing
 Human resources

7. Data Independence
 Physical Data independence
 Organizing the file at physical level
 Changing physical storage devices
 Without changing the conceptual view or any external view
 Application remain same even if any change at physical level
 Logical Data independence