India is developing its own satellite navigation system called the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) to provide positioning capabilities similar to GPS. The IRNSS will consist of a constellation of 7 satellites (3 geosynchronous and 4 geosynchronous) and ground stations to provide navigation services with less than 10 meters of accuracy over India. Two satellites have already been launched with the goal of a complete operational system by 2015-2016 to provide real-time positioning and timing services to users across India and in the surrounding region.

1. INDIAN REGIONAL NAVIGATION
SATELLITE SYSTEM (IRNSS) – INDIA’S
OWN GPS!

3. Introduction
• ISRO is developing a satellite based navigation system, called
Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), with a
constellation of 7 satellites and complementary ground
infrastructure. Four spare satellites are also planned.
• The IRNSS system is planned to be made operational by end of
2014. Government has approved the IRNSS project at a total cost
of Rs. 1420.00 crores in May 2006 for both space and ground
infrastructure.

5. Type Satellite navigation system
Country India
Accuracy Less than 20 m over
the Indian Ocean region
Less than 10 m accuracy
over mainland India
Coverage 1,500–2,000 kilometers
(930–1,240 mi) around
Indian landmass
Operational by 2015–16
Project Cost 16 billion (US$260 million)

7. Coverage
• The IRNSS is expected to provide positional accuracies similar to the
Global Positioning System (10 m over Indian landmass and 20 m over
the Indian Ocean) in a region centered around the country with a
coverage extending up to 1,500 km from India between longitude 40° E
to 140° E and between latitude ± 40°.
• Besides accurate real time position, the system is designed to
provide Navigation and Time (PNT) services to users on a variety of
platforms with 24x7 service availability under all weather conditions.
• As in the case of GPS, IRNSS will provide a more accurate restricted
service for special authorized users.

9. Features
• Highly accurate position, velocity and time information in real
time for authorized users on a variety of vehicles
• Data with good accuracy for a single frequency user with the help
of Ionospheric corrections
• All weather operation on a 24 hour basis.

11. Architecture
• The INRSS will consist of three segments: space, ground and user.
• The space segment consists of a constellation of seven satellites: three
(Geostationary Orbit) GEOs located at 34° E, 83° E and 131.5° E and
four (Gyosynchronous Orbit) GSOs at an inclination angle of
29° placed two each at with equator crossing at 55° and 111° East.
• IRNSS ground segment consists ground stations for generation and
transmission of navigation parameters, satellite control, satellite
ranging and monitoring. A total of 20 stations are planned, most of
them located at airports along with GAGAN ground elements.
• IRNSS will have the two Master Control Stations (MCS), which may be
co-located with GAGAN INMCC.

13. Satellites
• Each IRNSS satellite will weigh about 1,380 kg and their solar
panels generate 1,400 Watt of power. The satellites will be
configured with an optimized I-1K bus (compatible for launch
onboard PSLV) with a power handling capability of around
1600W
• The satellite is designed for a nominal life of 7 years. Its payload
will consist of electronic equipment to generate navigation signals
and extremely accurate on-board atomic clocks.

15. Progress
• The full constellation of 7 satellites is planned to be realized by
2015-16.
• Two satellites - IRNSS-1A and IRNSS-1B - have been already
launched. IRNSS-1C, IRNSS-1D, IRNSS-1E are scheduled to be
launched during FY 2014-15 on board PSLVs. By the middle of
2015, the IRNSS would be able to provide GPS services to Indian
users.

16. References
• http://www.thehindu.com/multimedia/archive/01499/Inside_IR
NSS_1499475a.jpg
• http://archives.deccanchronicle.com/sites/default/files/styles/art
icle_node_view/public/irnss-1a_0_0.jpg
• http://isp.justthe80.com/space-applications/indian-regional-
navigation-satellite-system-irnss
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Regional_Navigation_Satel
lite_System

18. THANK YOU