The document discusses various causes of water pollution including sewage, solid waste, heavy metals, agricultural runoff containing fertilizers and pesticides, untreated industrial waste, domestic waste water, and litter. It notes that as population increases, demand for food, goods, energy and water also rises, exacerbating pollution from agriculture, industry, and domestic use. Unless proper waste management systems are in place, this increased waste pollutes water sources.

1. Water Pollution Anthropogenic ( man made) causes Std IX

2. Some Pollutants Sewage Solid waste Heavy metals

3. What do you think this image depicts? Source: http://desip.igc.org/populationmaps.html accessed November 2008

4. WATER STRESS Every item that we use needs water for production Domestic bathing, flushing, washing, cooking, drinking… Agriculture People require food to eat Industry Increase demand for goods Increase in Population Power water evaporation from reservoirs of large hydro power projects

5. 'It's not just excess consumption. Man is creating further water stress by polluting fresh water sources.'

6. Run off from agricultural fields Air pollutants dissolve in rainwater Untreated industrial wastes WATER POLLUTION Tourism and religion

7. Domestic waste water generation and treatment ( in million litres per day – MLD ) Source: Springs of Life, published by World Water Institute 27 303 330 Haryana 10 3 13 Himachal Pradesh 649 387 1036 Karnataka 20 0 20 Goa 1008 701 1709 Gujarat 773 1927 2700 Delhi 181 91 272 Chandigarh 1228 135 1363 Bihar & Jharkhand 222 0 222 Assam 1063 208 1271 Andhra Pradesh 8 0 8 Andaman & Nicobar Untreated wastewater Wastewater treatment Wastewater generation State / UT

8. Domestic waste water generation and treatment ( in million litres per day – MLD ) Source: Springs of Life, published by World Water Institute 428 0 428 Kerala 615 0 616 Punjab 36 0 36 Pondicherry 30 0 30 Meghalaya 4 0 4 Mizoram 4193 499 4692 Maharashtra 374 0 374 Orissa 20 0 20 Nagaland 24 0 24 Manipur 932 227 1159 Madhya Pradesh & Chattisgarh Untreated wastewater Wastewater treatment Wastewater generation State / UT

9. Domestic waste water generation and treatment ( in million litres per day – MLD ) Source: Springs of Life, published by World Water Institute 1520 772 2292 Uttar Pradesh & Uttaracnchal 1741 372 2113 West Bengal 804 290 1094 Tamil Nadu 16961 5942 22903 India 22 0 22 Tripura 1028 27 1055 Rajasthan Untreated wastewater Wastewater treatment Wastewater generation State / UT

10. More food required to feed the growing millions' Increase in Population Converting forests into croplands Fewer Forests Water Pollution Fertilizers and pesticides

11. Fewer forests Topsoil washed out into freshwater sources and reduced recharge of water into the ground

12. Agriculture Fertilizers and pesticides easily dissolve in water. They enter surface water sources through rainwater and irrigation runoff and also percolate into the ground to contaminate groundwater sources. World agricultural area under irrigation Global fertilizer consumption Source: http://maps.grida.no/go/graphic/global_fertilizer_consumption , cartographer: Philippe Rekacewicz, UNEP/GRID-Arendal Source: http://www.earthpolicy.org/Updates/2008/Update72_data.htm#fig11

13. Overgrazing – soil washed out into freshwater sources Animal bathing in freshwater sources Animal faeces pollutes water and soil Water pollution caused by food processing industries Increased Demand for Animal Products

14. Clothes we wear – dyes and bleaches Paper, paper, paper everywhere Leather bags and shoes Batteries Metal plating Paints Plastics Pharmaceuticals INCREASED INDUSTRIALISATION Let’s look around us ….. Increase demand for goods Increase in Population More Industrialisation All these industries are highly water polluting

15. Increased mining for Raw Materials The Damodar river travels through 6 coal fields, 183 coal mines, 28 iron ore mines, 33 limestone mines, 5 copper ore mines, 84 mica mines and Numerous graphite, silver and uranium extracting units . ‘ Water in this river is polluted beyond repair ’ Mining is a highly polluting industry Increased industrialization results in

16. Increased solid waste generation Lifestyle changes Use and throw culture Higher aspirations Change in packaging Disregard for natural resources Inadequate waste management systems

17. Waste dumped in surface water bodies Waste dumped in open landfills – toxic materials leach into soil and groundwater Waste burnt – air pollutants dissolve in rainwater and pollute surface water sources or seep into ground water aquifers Increased solid waste generation water pollution

18. Lakes, tanks and ponds being destroyed. Land filled for construction purposes. Unsustainable extraction of groundwater in urban areas, affecting groundwater quality. Receive sewage that cannot be handled by sewage treatment plants. Disposal of solid and liquid wastes above or into groundwater aquifers. Additional stress in urban areas

19. Tourism and water pollution Hotels Laundry – detergents, bleach, hot water Landscaping – fertilizers, pesticides Cleaning and washing Waste generation Kitchen Travelers Sanitation Bathing in rivers Waste generation (use and throw) Most tourism is close to water sources and areas of rich biodiversity

20. Religion and Water pollution Bathing in holy rivers More than10 million people bathe in the Ganga daily! During the annual Kumbh Mela, more than a million people take a dip in Allahabad alone! Dead bodies Prayer materials Idol immersion Paints contain many heavy metals

21. Conflicts and Water Pollution Production of arms Death toll Bombs – heavy metals Municipal services (water supply, sanitation, waste mgmt) don’t function in areas of conflict

22. “ If you had a bottle of life-preserving fluid on which your life depended, would you pour into it all your sewage and rubbish, along with any other poisonous chemicals you could find? And yet, that is exactly what we are doing to our water supply – all over the world.” Source: http://www.unep.org/geo2000/pacha/fresh/fresh.htm This is what a young person like you has to say: Does Man Pollute Water?

23. Not just Fresh Water , We are polluting our Oceans too

24. Source: http://www.unep.org/dewa/assessments/ecosystems/water/vitalwater/38.htm accessed December 2008

25. Source: http://www.unep.org/dewa/assessments/ecosystems/water/vitalwater/39.htm accessed December 2008

26. A game to check how much you have learnt Play LINK TO THE GAME

27. Divide the class into 5 teams. Team A selects 2 people who will guess the answer. These 2 people turn their face to the wall or go out of the room, so that they can’t see the clue. Play

28. Team A have to act out the clue for the 2 guessers. Either all members of Team A can act it out (very boisterous, but all children are involved) or a representative is selected to do the acting. The other members of Team A (and the rest of the class) see the clue.

29. If the guessers got the right answer in 30 secs, they get 5 points If the guessers get the right answer in 30 secs, they get 3 points Otherwise  The chance then goes to Team B and so on. Rules: No mouthing of words

30. Round 1 Team A – Agriculture Team B – Domestic use Team C – Reservoir Team D – Population Team E – Industrial production

31. Round 2 Team A – Energy Demand Team B – Over exploitation Team C – Urbanization Team D – Lifestyle Team E – Lake destruction

32. Round 3 Team E – Domestic waste water Team A – Fertilizer runoff Team B – Sewage disposal Team C – Industrial waste water Team D – Pesticides

33. Round 4 Team A – Idol immersion Team B – Tourism Team C – mining Team D – Conflicts Team E – Animal products