Water pollution is a major global problem that threatens human, animal and environmental health. It is caused by various factors like increasing population, industrial waste, agricultural runoff, and untreated sewage. This leads to contaminated surface and groundwater with harmful chemicals, pathogens, and debris. To address this issue, standards have been established for water quality and effluent discharge. However, pollution continues as many industrial and municipal wastewaters remain improperly treated before being dumped in water bodies. Preventing further water pollution through conservation efforts, proper disposal of toxins, and reducing plastic use can help address this growing crisis.

2. Water pollution is one of the most problems which humans and animals are
facing
We all know that water is one of the most essential thing we need to live and
that is why It is important matter if it get polluted. Water can get easily be
polluted and it is hard to clean. Now the pollution made by industries and other
waste from house hold is way too much that they think better to throw it into
water without caring of environment, Animal and even themselves. In our own
country India it is not less then other countries As there are many peoples who
live in India and there are also a lot of industries so of course it is also a big
problem here. There are many aquatic species in India which are Endanger
because of it so better to stop it. When mistakenly or by other factors someone's
drink bad water he or she have to suffer a lot due to despises not just humans
animals also drink water and they got ill too they can’t be cured and that’s why
die which is very bad for our biodiversity.

3. The pressure of increasing population, growth of industries, urbanization, energy
intensive life style, loss of forest cover, lack of environmental awareness, lack of
implementation of environmental rules and regulations and environment
improvement plans, untreated effluent discharge from industries and
municipalities, use of non-biodegradable pesticides/fungicides/
herbicides/insecticides, use of chemical fertilizers instead of organic manures, etc are
causing water pollution. The pollutants from industrial discharge and sewage besides
finding their way to surface water reservoirs and rivers are also percolating into
ground to pollute ground water sources. The polluted water may have undesirable
colour, odour, taste, turbidity, organic matter contents, harmful chemical
contents, toxic and heavy metals, pesticides, oily matters, industrial waste
products, radioactivity, high Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), acids, alkalies, domestic
sewage content, virus, bacteria, protozoa, rotifers, worms, etc. The organic content
may be
biodegradable or non-biodegradable. Pollution of surface waters
(rivers, lakes, ponds), ground
waters, sea water are all harmful for human and animal health. Pollution of the
drinking
water and that of food chain is by far the most worry-some aspect.

4. In order to avoid ill effects of water pollution on the human and animal
health and agriculture, standards/rules/guidelines have been devised for
discharge of effluents from industries and municipalities, quality of
drinking water, irrigation water, criteria for aquatic life in fresh water by
various authorities including central pollution control board
(India), World Health Organization (WHO), World Bank, Indian
Standard Institution, Indian Council of Medical Research, etc. The
implementation of these rules, standards and guidelines, etc is
however, wanting. Improperly treated or even untreated industrial and
municipal effluents have been continuing to pollute not only surface
water sources but also the ground waters.

5. Alarming level of lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) has been found in the sediments as
well as waters of Damodar, Safi, Ganga, Adjai rivers in Jharkhand, and West
Bengal. High level of contamination by heavy metals, chemicals, organic
matter, nitrates, coliforms, human and animal excreta, pesticides, etc is found
in various rivers in India including Ganga, Yamuna, Gomti, Ramganga, Hindon,
Chambal, Godavari, Krishna, Sabarmati, Subernrekha, Cauvery, etc specially
near big cities and industries. Similar is the condition of lakes and ponds near
cities.Many areas have arsenic and fluoride in underground waters. Arsenic in
many districts of West Bengal and UP is very high. Fluoride content in
underground water of many districts in Tamil Nadu, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh,
Gujarat, Rajasthan and UP is high while it is also high in some places in Jammu
& Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra.
The source of fluoride is generally underground rocks.Radioactivity may be
found in ground waters as well as surface waters. In ground water sit may be
due to radioactive material present in underground rocks, while in surface
waters it may have been passed on with effluents from uranium mining and
milling area, uranium enrichment plants, fuel fabrication units for nuclear
reactors, fuel reprocessing plant for spent fuel, etc. There are numerous ill
effects of pollution, each type of pollutants having different effect, on
human/animal health

6. and ecology. These have been discussed in chapter 2 of this unit. Plants and
agriculture are also badly affected by water pollution. The pollutants enter the
plants, fruits, grains, vegetables, and fodder, thus entering the food chain
ultimately showing ill effects and diseases which may be very serious sometimes

7. Water pollution is growing daily around the world, but so are water pollution
solutions.
Find out what you can do to combat water pollution in your area.
The best solution for water pollution is prevention. While pollution that has
already occurred is a current threat to all life on Earth, attempts to clean it up may
cause even more harm.
Chemicals used to treat or clean up oil spills may further contaminate water
supplies. Adjustments in temperature to counteract heat or cooling pollution may
not achieve proper balance, leading to more loss of aquatic life.
Preventing water pollution does more for the environment by halting the level of
pollutants where they are. This gives the environment needed time to begin to
correct itself, and time for scientists to determine the best way to combat existing
problems.

8. Method to clean savage water.

9. There are several steps that can be taken to help prevent water pollution from getting wors
Conserve Soil
Erosion is one of the biggest causes of water pollution today. When you take steps
to conserve soil, you are also conserving water and water life. Planting vegetative
covers, strict erosion management and implementing beneficial farming methods
are just a few of the many possible approaches to soil conservation.
Dispose of Toxic Chemicals Properly
It’s always a good idea to use lower VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds) products in
your home whenever possible. If you do use toxic chemicals, such as paints, stains or
cleaning supplies, dispose of them properly. Paints can be recycled and oils can be
reused after treatment. Proper disposal keeps these substances out of storm
drains, water ways and septic tanks.

10. Keep Machinery in Good Working Order
Oil is one of the largest polluters of water in the world. It’s estimated that just the
transportation of oil is responsible for .0001 percent of oil contamination in water.
Take steps to ensure you aren’t adding to this problem by repairing oil leaks in cars
and machinery as soon as they are spotted. Clean up the residue and dispose of the
used oils properly.
Clean Up Beaches and Waterways
Just picking up waste and litter wherever it is spotted can go a long way to keeping
debris and pollutants out of the water. Do your part by taking your own
trash, other wastes and any you see to a nearby disposal facility.
Avoid Plastics When Possible
Plastic bags in the ocean is a well documented water pollutant. Keep this problem
from getting worse by changing to reusable grocery bags whenever possible.